Commentary on the Nyāyasūtra 21.21
Nyāyabhāṣya (complete text) 21.21
- Language
- Sanskrit
21.21
viraktaṃmānyā mānyante na sukhaṃ nāmāsti svarūpata iti| tānnirācikīrṣurāha---svarūpatastu duḥkhamiti| vikalpo viśeṣaḥ| abhāvaphalatvaprasaḍgāditi| yadyapyupāttaduritakṣayahetavo'pi dharmāḥ santi, tathāpyadhikādhikotkarṣaphalānāṃ darśapaurṇamāsādīnāṃ sahasrasaṃvatsaraparyantānāṃ vidhāyakebhyo vacanebhyo bhāvaphala eva dharmo gamyate bhāvasyaibotkarṣaśālitvāditi ||
21.21.p1
||ṭīkā||
21.21.p2
kramaprāptamapavargalakṣaṇamavatārayati bhāṣyakāraḥ---yatra tviti||
21.21.p3
tada---rgaḥ ||22|| tadityanantaraṃ gauṇamukhyabhedabhinnaṃ duḥkhaṃ parāmṛśatītyāha bhāṣyakāraḥ---tena duḥkheneti| mukhyameva duḥkhamiti bhramo mā bhūdata āha---janmaneti| anena jāyamānā duḥkhaśabdena sarve śarīrādaya ucyanate ityuktaṃ bhavati| abhayamiti punaḥ saṃsārabhayābhāvamāha,
21.21.p4
abhayaṃ vai brahma
21.21.p5
ityasakṛdabhayaśruteḥ| ye tu brahmaiva nāmarūpaprapa*cātmanā pariṇamata ityāhuḥ, tān pratyāha---ajaramiti| sarvātmanā vā pariṇāma, ekadeśena vā? pūrvasmin kalpe sarvātmanā brahmaṇo'nyathātvād vināśaprasaḍgaḥ| ekadeśapariṇāme tu sāvayavatvāt ghaṭadivadanityatvaprasaḍgaḥ iti sūktam---ajaramiti| vaināśikāḥ prāhuḥ
21.21.p6
iti| tān pratyāha---amṛtyapadamiti| etadupapādayiṣyatyagre vārttikakāraḥ| tadetad bhāṣyaṃ vārttikakāro vyācaṣṭe---teneti| ātyantikagrahaṇaṃ mahāpralayāvasthānivṛttyartham||
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atra bhāṣyaṃ nityaṃ sukhamātmana ityādi| asyārthaḥ---
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vijñānamānandaṃ brahma
21.21.p9
iti sāmānādhikaraṇyaśruteḥ brahmasvabhāvaṃ sukham, tayā ca brahmaṇo nityatvāt tadapi nityamityarthaḥ| ātmana iti ca ṣaṣṭhī rāhoḥ śira itivat mantavyā| tadetad bhāṣyaṃ vyācaṣṭe---ātyantikīti| teṣāmityādi bhāṣyaṃ
21.21.p10
vyācaṣṭe---tanneti| atrānumānamupanyasyātiprasaḍgena nirākaroti---na, neti| athātmani duḥkhādikaṃ nityaṃ necchati, tatrāha---anaikāntikatā vā| nityasyābhivyaktirityādibhāṣyārthamāha---nityamiti| ayamabhisandhiḥ| sukhaṃ tāvadātmano guṇo nātmā| upapādito hi guṇaguṇinorbhedaḥ| evaṃ vijñānamapyātmaguṇaḥ,na hyudayavyayavatībhyo vijñānavyaktibhyo'nudayavyayadharmā bhavitumarhatyabhinna ātmā| na cātmaiva vijñānasvabhāvaḥ tattadviṣayopadhānenodayavyayadharmeva bhavatīti sāṃpratam| ghaṭamahaṃ jānāmīti mānasyāṃ buddhau trayāṇāmapi jñānajñeyajñātaṇāṃ bhedenānuvyavasāyāt| viṣayatajjñānabhede'pi ca jñāturekasya pratisandhīyamānatvāt| na caitadasati bādhake bhedajñānaṃ bhrāntamiti yuktam| na cāgantukajñānātiriktaṃ svābhāvikamātmani caitanyamanubhūyate| na cātmaiva tatsvabhāvaḥ, suṣuptatvānupapatteḥ| acetayanneva hi suṣupata ityucyate| na ca tadā viṣayaśūnyaṃ svaniṣṭhamātmacaitanyamiti yuktam| tadavasthābhedasya suṣuptotthitena svapnāntikasyeva smaraṇaprasaḍgāt| sukhaṃ ca na jñānajātīyamityupapāditaṃ pratyakṣasūtre| na ca kii*cadapi sava prakāśamastīti caturthe vijñāna vādaṃ nirākurvan vakṣyati||
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tadevaṃ vyavasthite dūṣaṇa bhāṣyavārttikoktaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ yathāyamātmamanaḥsaṃyoga iti| saṃsārāvasthāyāṃ tāvadayamātmamanaḥsaṃyogo dharmaṃ nimittamapekṣamāṇaḥ sukhajñānam ākārṣīt| yadi tu muktyavasthāyāṃ tadanapekṣa eva sukhajñānaṃ karoti, hanta rūpādijñāneṣu indriyāntarāṇyapi nāpekṣeteti bhāvaḥ| śaḍkate---yogajeti| na vayaṃ viṣayamātrāpekṣāṃ brūmo yena
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rūpādiṣvapi jñānamutpādayet, api tu saṃsārāvasthāyāṃ yat sukhajñānāyānenāpekṣitaṃ tadapekṣate| dharmaśca tadā tenāpekṣita iti muktyavasthāyāmapi dharmamevāpekṣate| etāvān viśeṣo yadayaṃ yogaja iti| tathā ca na rūpādivijñāna prasaḍga iti| śaḍkate---nityo'sāviti| nirākaroti---yogeti| nanu tvanmate yathā sukhasaṃvedanaṃ jihāsitam, evamasmanmate'pi sukhasaṃvedanahānāya ghaṭiṣyata ityata āha---na cāyaṃ sukhamiti| asmanmate hi duḥkhahānāyaiva tadanuṣaktaṃ sukhaṃ jihāsitam| nityaṃ tu sukhaṃ sarvaduḥkhavinirmuktaṃ sanna duḥkhahānāya jihāsitaṃ saṃbhavati ityarthaḥ| na kevalamānukūlyāt pratibandhakatvaṃ nāsti śarīrādīnām, pratyuta muktyavasthāyāmapi kalpanīyatā ityāha---nityaṃ śarīrādi iti| siddhāntino vacanamanubhāṣya deśayeti---pramāṇābhāvādityuktaṃ tacca neti| śāstreṇa hi mokṣasādhane lokaḥ pravartanīyaḥ| apravartamānaśca pravartanīyaḥ| iṣṭārthī ca pravartate tatsādhane| sukhaṃ ceṣṭam| sukhātmako mokṣa ityarthaḥ| seyaṃ lokapravṛttiranaikāntikatvena saṃśayaheturiti pariharati---na, pravṛttīti||
21.21.p13
syādetat| mukhyāsaṃbhave gauṇamarīyate| sukhaśabdaśca sukhe mukhyaḥ, bhāktastu duḥkhanivṛttau| tasmāt nityānanda eva mokṣa ityata āha---yadi punariti| saṃcakṣāṇakaḥ saṃkhyānapravṛtto yogī| dharmādharmau tāvadātmani pāramārthikau, na tvavidyākalpitau| tau ca vītarāgeṇāsaktena satā śakyau bhogena kṣetum, na tu śaktane| sa hi saktasteṣu teṣu viṣayeṣu upāttamupāttaṃ bhu*jānaḥ tyaktaṃ tyaktaṃ copādadānaḥ saṃsārāt na mucyeta| tasmādayaṃ rāgo bandhanamiti samājñātaḥ| tannibandhanā ca pravṛttiḥ parihartavyā| anyathā tu nityasukhāvadhāraṇalāliteyaṃ tṛṣṇāpiśācī labdhaprasarā viṣayasukheṣvapi pratyāsanneṣu purūṣaṃ pravartayantī mokṣamasya sūdūraṃ pratikṣipediti manāgapi prasaro'syā na dātavyaḥ| tasmāt nityānandapratipādakaśrutirātyantike duḥkhaviyoge bhāktīti yuktamiti bhāvaḥ| codayati---yadyapīti| rāgavad dveṣasyāpi prasaro na dātavyaḥ| tasya ca tvayā prasaro datta iti tulayo doṣa iti| pariharati---na, apratikūlatvāt| yathā nityasukhopādānaṃ mokṣam apratikūlayā saktyā sapratikūlaṃ naivamātyantikaduḥkhahānaṃ duḥkhadveṣānuṣaktam| dveṣaḥ krodho manyurityanarthāntaram| jvalanātmako hi sa bhavati| naivaṃ vairāgyam| alaṃ pratyayo hi sa ityapratikūlaṃ duḥkhahānamityarthaḥ| tadanena nityaṃ sukhamātmano mokṣe'bhivyajyate ityādi tasmin prahīṇe nāsya nityasukharāgaḥ pratikūlo bhavatītyevamantaṃ bhāṣyajātaṃ vyākhyātaṃ veditavyam| yadyevamityāderbhāṣyasyāyamarthaḥ| evaṃ vairāgyeṇa mokṣamāṇasya pravṛtto satyām, muktasya yadi nityaṃ sukhaṃ bhavati kāmaṃ bhavatu mā vā bhūt, ubhayorapi pakṣayoḥ vītarāgasya pravṛttau na mokṣādhigamo vikalpyate, na sandigdho bhavatītyarthaḥ||
21.21.p14
vaināśikānāṃ mokṣamupanyasyati---cittaṃ vimucyata iti| saṃsārī hi mucyate| rāgādayastaddhetavaḥ| na cātmani nitye rāgādayaḥ saṃsāraṃ kartumutsahante, nityasyāvikāryatvena tādavasthyādupaneyāpaneyābhāvāt| yathāhuḥ,
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varṣātapābhyāṃ kiṃ vyomnaścarmaṇyasti tayoḥ phalam|
21.21.p16
carmopamaścet so'nityaḥ khatulyaścedasatphalaḥ||
21.21.p17
iti| cittaṃ tu kāryaṃ rāgādivaśāt saṃsārī, tadviyogācca mucyate iti yuktamityarthaḥ| devamanuṣyādijātiḥ gatiḥ tatrotpattiḥ| tadetad dūṣayati---na, ayatnata iti| kṣaṇikatvāt cittasya, janmavināśaprayojanameva| janmāntaraṃ hi vināśa iti kṣaṇasyābhedyatvenopaneyāpaneyābhāvāt| svarasabhaḍgitvācca vaiyarthyamityarthaḥ| śaḍkate---santateriti| anādiḥ khalu kāryakāraṇapravāharūpā buddhīnāṃ santatiḥ| sā cātmasākṣātkāronmūlitasavāsanakleśajālasya nivartate| nivṛttiśceyameva tasyā yat tatsantānavartinaścetaso'nāgatasyānutpāda iti bhāvaḥ| nirākaroti---na, tasyāśakyatvāt| utpannasyānutpādo na śakyaḥ, nāpi santānanivṛttiḥ śakyā kartum, antyakṣaṇānupapatteḥ| sa hi antyaḥ kṣaṇaḥ kii*cadārabhate na vā? ārambhe nāntya iti na kāryakāraṇapravāhanivṛttiḥ, pravāhaśca santāna iti na santānanivṛttiḥ| anārambhe tasyāsāmarthyenāsattvam| tataḥ pūrve sarve'pi kṣaṇā asantaḥ syuriti kasyoccheda iti bhāvaḥ| śaḍkate---anāgatānutpāda iti| tathā satyanāgatānutpādalakṣaṇārthakriyākāritvādantyakṣaṇopapattiriti
Linked texts (2)
- Sarvadarśanasaṅgraha — Mādhava, Sanskrit
- Bhāmatī, text without the sūtras (Sansknet input) — Sanskrit