Nyayasutra 1

Nyāyasūtravṛtti 1

Language: Sanskrit

1.1 — 5 parts

1.p1

giraiva prāgalbhyasampādakaṃ| dāne karṇamivāvatīrṇaṃ maparaṃ dīne dayādākṣiṇaṃ tātaṃ viśvavisāricāru yaśasaṃ vidyānivāsaṃ numaḥ |

1.p2

4|| alasamatirapīdaṃ vistṛtaṃ nyāyaśāstraṃ viracitavaṅayatnolīlayā vettu vijñaḥ | iti viniścitacetāḥ kauśalaṃ karttukāmo gurucaraṇarajo'haṃ karṇadhārīkaromi |

1.p3

5 || vidyāni vāsasūnoḥ kṛtireṣā viśvanāthasya | viduṣāmati sūkṣmadhiyāmamatsarāṇāṃ mude bhavitā |

prayojanamanabhisandhāya prekṣāvantāna pravarttante ataḥ prathamaṃ prayojanamabhidhānīyaṃ tathācāhuḥ siddhārthaṃ siddhasambandhaṃ śrotuṃ śrotā pravarttate | śāstrādau tena vaktavyaḥ sambandhaḥ saprayojanaḥ || siddho jñāto'rthaḥ prayojanaṃ yasya tattathā evaṃ siddhasambandhamityapi atastatpratipādanāya bhagavānakṣapādaḥ prathamaṃ sūtrayati ||

1.1.1

atra tattvajñānaniḥśreyasayoḥ śāstratattvajñānayośca hetu hetumadbhāvaḥ pramāṇāditattvajñānayorviṣayaviṣayibhāvaḥ pramāṇādi śāstrayoḥ pratipādyapratipādakabhāvaḥ śāstraniḥśreyasayośca prayojya prayojakabhāvaḥ sambandhaḥ tattvaṃ jñāyate'neneti vyutpattyā tattvajñānaṃ śāstraṃ tathāca śāstraniḥśreyasayorapi tattvajñānadvārakahetu hetumadbhāvaeva sambandhaiti saṃpradāyavidaḥ atra ca sarvvapadārtha pradhānodvandvaḥ samāsaḥ yadyapi bhede dvandvavidhānādatra ca bahūnāṃ padārthānāmabhedānna dvandvasambhavastathāpi padārthatāvacchedakabhe dādeva dvandvaiti na doṣaityanyatra vistaraḥ tatra ca nirdeśe yathā vacanaṃ vigrahaiti yathāśrutabhāṣyānusāriṇaḥ pramāṇāni ca prame yañca saṃśayaśca prayojanañca dṛṣṭāntaśca siddhāntaśca avayavāśca tarkaśca nirṇayaśca vādaśca jalpaśca vitaṇḍā ca hetvābhāsāśca chalañca jātayaśca nigrahasthānāni ceti vigrahaṃ varṇayanti |

1.1.2

saṃpra dāyavidastu bhāṣyasthavacanapadena kvacitsautraṃ kvacidārthaṃ vacanaṃ gṛhyate tatra pramāṇe prameye ca sautraṃ vacanaṃ gṛhyate saprayojana tvāt tacca vakṣyate na tu dṛṣṭāntādāvekavacanaṃ saprayojanaṃ tathā ca dṛṣṭānte dvivacanaṃ anvayavyatirekibhedena dṛṣṭāntadvaividhyasya vakṣya māṇatvāt saṃśaye siddhānte chale ca bahuvacanaṃ saṃśaye chale ca traividhyasya siddhānte cāturvidhyasya vakṣyamāṇatvāt anyathā jāti nigrahasthānayorbahuvacanaṃ tatrāpi syādanvitaṃ ekavacanasyaiva lakṣaṇa sūtre yattvāditi vadanti navyāstu sarvvatra prathamopasthitaika vacanenaiva vigrahaḥ nahyatra bahuvacanenava pramāṇādīnāṃ bahutvaṃ paricchidyate kiṃ nāmāgrimavibhāgena nahyanekatra dhavakhadirādau dhavaśca khadiraśca palāśaśceti na vigṛhyate ataeva prayojana syaikavacanāntatve'pi tadvibhāgākaraṇe'pi sukhaduḥkhābhāvatatsā dhanabhedena tasya bahutvaṃ na virudhyataiti prāñcaḥ atra ca niḥśre yase siddhe paṭādivattatprāptaye na prayatnāntaramapekṣitamiti prati pādanāyādhigamapadaṃ |

1.1.3

nanu pramāṇādayaḥ padārthāṃrati śabdāt prathamasūtrādeva vā tattvajñānaṃ syāditi cenna teṣāṃ viśiṣya jñānaṃ hi tattvajñānaṃ taccoddeśalakṣaṇaparīkṣāprakāśakācchāstrādeva śāstraṃ hi viśiṣṭānupūrvīkā pañcādhyāyī adhyāyastvāhnika samūhaḥ āhnikantu tādṛśaprakaraṇasamūhaḥ prakaraṇantu tādṛśa sūtrasamūhaḥ sūtrantu tādṛśavākyasamūhaḥ vākyantu tādṛśa padasamūhaiti vadanti atra samūhaśabdenānekatvaṃ vivakṣitaṃ tenādhyāyāderāhnikādidvayātmakatve'pi na kṣatiḥ atra ca yadyapi mokṣajanakajñānaviṣayatvena prameyamevādau nirūpayitu marhaṃ tathāpi pramāṇasya sakalapadārthavyavasthāpakatvena prādhānyā tprathamamuddeśaḥ tato'vasaratobubhutsitaprameyasya tataśca padārtha vyavasthāpananyāyādhīnatayā nyāye nirūpaṇīye'bhyarhitayornyāya pūrvāṅgayoḥ saṃśayaprayojanayoḥ tatrāpyabhyarhitatayā saṃśayasya prathamaṃ naca nirṇīte'pi mananavidhānānna saṃśayasya nyāyā 1 adhyāyaḥ ṅgatvamiti vācyaṃ āhā‌ryyasaṃśayopagamāt yadyapi prayojanaṃ na nyāyāṅgamapi tu tajjñānaṃ tathāpi tadeva nirūpaṇīyaṃ na tu jñānanirūpaṇāpekṣeti parapratyāyane dṛṣṭāntasya mūlatvādana ntaraṃ dṛṣṭāntasya dṛṣṭāntamūlakonyāyaḥ siddhāntaviṣayakatyato' nantaraṃ siddhāntasya tataścāvasarataḥ siddhāntādhīnasya pañcāva yavarūpasya nyāyasya tataścaikakāryyatayā nyāyasahakāriṇasta rkasya tataśca tarkajanyatayā nirṇayasya tataśca nirṇayānutūlatvā dvādasya jalpasyāpi vādakāryyakāritvādanantaraṃ jalpasya tataśca vijayarūpaikakāryyānukūlatayā vitaṇḍāthāḥ kathātrayasyāpi dūṣaṇāpekṣatayāntaraṃ dūṣaṇeṣu nirūpaṇīyeṣu vāde deśanīya tvarūpotkarṣavattvādvetūtvadābhāsamānatvāccādau hetvābhāsānāṃ tataśca hetvābhāsopajīvanena chalasya svavyāghātakatvena atyantā saduttaratvāttato jāteḥ kathāvasānatvenārthādanantaraṃ nigrahasthā nānāmiti atra ca prameyāntaḥpātibuddhirūpasyāpi saṃśayāde rniranuyojyānuyogarūpanigrahasthānāntaḥpātinośchalajātyośca prakārabhedena pratipādanaṃ śiṣyabuddhivaiśadyārthamastu nigrahasthā nāntaḥpātināṃ hetvābhāsānāṃ pṛthagabhidhānaprayojanantu jānāti bhagavānakṣapādaeva bhāṣye tu vāde deśanīyatayā hetvābhāsānāṃ pṛthagupanyāsaityuktaṃ atra vārttikaṃ yadi vāde deśanīyatvāt pṛthagabhidhānaṃ tadā nyūnādhikāya siddhāntānāṃ vāde deśyanī yatvātpṛthagabhidhānaṃ syāt yadi pṛthagabhidhānādvāde deśyanī yatvaṃ tadā saṃśayādīnāmapi vāde deśanīyatvaṃ syāt tasmā dānvīkṣikītatrayovārttādaṇḍanītirūpavidyāprasthānabhedajñāpamārthaṃ saṃśayāderhetvābhāsasya ca pṛthagvacanamiti tadapyasat nigrahasthā nāntargatatvenaiva tannirūpaṇena prasthānabhedasambhavāt vayantu hetvābhāsānāṃna nigrahasthānatvaṃ tathā sati sarvvatra hetvābhāsa sattvāt sarvvasyaiva nigṛhītatvāpatteḥ tasmāt hetvābhāsaprayo gonigrahasthānaṃ tadvibhājakasūtrasthahetvābhāsapadañca tatprayoga paraṃ tatra ca prayogasya na lakṣaṇamapekṣaṇīyaṃ api tu hetvābhāsā nāmityatauktaṃ hetvābhāsāśca yathoktāiti caramasūtraṃ na ca hetvābhāsasyāvacchedakapraveśādeva pṛthaṅnirūpaṇāpekṣeti vācyaṃ tathā sati pramāṇatarkasādhanopālambhaiti vādādyavacchedaka pramāṇāderapi pṛthaṅnirūpaṇāpatteriti yuktamutpaśyāmaḥ |

1.1.4

atra kecitsūtrādau maṅgalākaraṇena maṅgalaṃ na prāmāṇikami tyatra sūtrakṛtāṃ tātparṣyaṃ varṇayanti tadasat kṛtasyāpyanibandhana sambhavāt vighnābhāvanirṇayenākaraṇasambhavācca vayantu pramāṇaṃ prāmanilayaiti bhagavannāmagaṇāntaḥpātipramāṇaśabdasyoccā raṇameva maṅgalamiti brūmaḥ atra ca uddeśalakṣaṇaparīkṣaṇāṃ pūrvvapūrvvasāpekṣataṃtathā prathamamuddeśānantaraṃ lakṣaṇaṃ prasaṅgāllakṣaṇa parīkṣeti soddeśapadārthalakṣaṇakulaparīkṣā prathamādhyāyarthaḥ 1 adhyāyaḥ tatra ca saparikaranyāyalakṣaṇaṃ prathamāhnikārthaḥ tatra ca sapra yojanābhidheyapratipādakaṃ prathamadvitīyasūtrābhyāmekaṃ prakaraṇaṃ tataḥ pramāṇalakṣaṇaprakaraṇaṃ tataḥ prameyalakṣṇaprakaraṇaṃ tato nyāyapūrvāṅgaprakaraṇaṃ tatonyāyasiddhāntaprakaraṇaṃ tatonyāya svarūpaprakaraṇaṃ tatonyāyottarāṅgaprakaraṇamiti prathamāhnike sapta prakaraṇāni śravaṇādanu paścādīkṣā anvīkṣā unnayananta nnirvāhikā seyamānvīkṣikī nyāyatarkādiśabdairapi vyavahriyate tathā ca nyāyamīmāṃsā dharmaśāstrāṇīti śrutiḥ purāṇnyāya mīmāṃsetyādismṛtiḥ mīmāṃsā nyāyatarkañca upāṅgaḥ parikī rttitaiti purāṇaṃ| traividyebhyastrayīṃ vidyāṃ daṇḍanītiñca śāśvatīṃ| ānvīkṣikīñcātmavidyāṃ vārttārambhāṃśca lokataiti manuḥ tathā yastarkeṇānusandhatte sadharmaṃ veda netaraityādi mokṣadharme tatropaniṣadaṃ tāta pariśeṣantu pārthiva|

1.1.5

mathnāmi manasā tāta dṛṣṭvā cānvīkṣikīṃ parāmityupaniṣadarthaścānvīkṣikyanusārī grāhya ityuktamiti nanu tattvajñānasya na sākṣādeva niḥśreyasahetutvaṃ niḥśreyasaṃ tāvadvividhaṃ parāparabhedāt tatrāparaṃ jīvanmukti lakṣaṇaṃ tattvajñānānantarameva tadapyavadhāritātmatattvasya nairanta ryyābhyāsāpahṛtamithyājñānasya prārabdhaṃ karmopabhuñjānasya parantu krameṇa tatra kramapratipādanāyedaṃ sūtramiti | atha yathoddeśaṃ lakṣaṇāpekṣitatvāt prathamoddiṣṭapramāṇaṃ lakṣayati vibhajate ca | athapramāṇādiṣu lakṣiteṣu parīkṣaṇīyeṣu saṃśayaṃ vinā parī kṣāyā asambhavādādau saṃśayaeva parikṣaṇīyaḥ śiṣyajijñāsā nusārātsūcīkaṭāhanyāyāccātaḥ saṃśayaparīkṣāyāḥ pramāṇa diparīkṣopayogitvāt pramāṇaparīkṣaivādhyāyartheti vadanti | vastutastu chalasyaparīkṣitatvāt tṛtīyacaturthayoḥ prameyasya pañca mejāteḥparīkṣyamāṇatvāttadatiriktayāvatpadārthaparīkṣaivādhyā yārthaḥ || prayojanādiparīkṣāyā adhyatraivātideśena kariṣyamāṇa tvāt tatra vibhāgasāpekṣapramāṇaparīkṣātiriktoktayāvatpadārtha parīkṣāprathamāhnikārthaḥtatra ca nava prakaraṇāni tatrādau saṃśaya parīkṣāprakaraṇaṃ anyāni yathāyathaṃ vakṣyante tatra saṃśayaparīkṣa ṇāya pūrvvapakṣasūtraṃ |

1.2

. duḥkhādīnāṃ madhye yaduttarottaraṃ teṣāmapāye tadanantarasya tatsaṃnihitasya pūrvvapūrvvasyāpāyādapavargaḥprayojakatvaṃ prayojyatvaṃ vā pañcamyarthaḥ daṇḍābhāvādghaṭābhāvavaditi tatsvarūpasambandhaviśeṣa eva tat tadayamarthaḥ tattvajñānena virodhitayāpahṛte mithyā jñāne kāraṇābhāvācca nivṛtte rāgadveṣātmake doṣe tadabhāvācca pravṛtterdharmmādharmmātmikāyāanutpattau tadabhāvācca janmanoviśiṣṭaśarīrasambandhasyābhāve duḥkhābhāvādapavargaḥ yadyapi jñānino'pi rāgādayastiṣṭhanti tathāpyutkaṭarāgādyabhāve tātparyyaṃ yadyapi doṣāṇāṃ na dharmmādijanakatvaṃ vyabhicārāttathāpi tattaddoṣāṇāṃ tattaddharmmādihetutvādoṣāpāye dharmmādyapāyaḥ vastutovināpīcchāṃ gaṅgājalasaṃyogāditodharmmādi sambhavāddvyabhicāraḥ tasmāt mithyājñānavāsanaivātra doṣaḥ tasyāśca mithyājñānanāśāt tatkālīnatatvajñānajavāsanātovā nāśaityāśayaityapi vadanti yadyapi duḥkhāpāyānnāpavargaḥ kintu saeva saḥ tathāpyabhedaeva tatra pañcamyarthaḥ apavargapadaṃ vā tadvyavahāraparaṃ anantarapadena janmāntarameva parāmṛśyataiti tu na vyākhyānaṃ duḥkhapadavaiyyarthyāpatteḥ duḥkhānutpatteścaramaduḥkha dhvaṃsaprayojakatvaṃ kalpyataityāśayenedamityapi kaścit |
iti sūtravṛttau saprayojanābhidheyaprakaraṇam |

1.3

atra tadvati tatprakārakatvarūpaprakarṣaviśiṣṭajñānaṃ pramabda viśiṣṭena mādhātunā pratyāyyate tatkaraṇatvaṃ pramāṇatvaṃ jñānaṃ cātrānubhavāvivakṣitatvena smṛtikaraṇe nātivyāptiḥ lakṣitānāṃ pramāṇānāṃ vibhāgaḥ pratyakṣānumānopamānaśabdā iti vibhā gasyoddeśa evāntarbhūtatvādayaṃ viśeṣoddeśaḥ pratyekalakṣaṇantu vakṣyate || iti tisṛcī vṛttiḥ samāptā |
atha vibhaktāni yathākramaṃ lakṣayitumārabhate |

1.4

atra pratigatamakṣaṃ pratyakṣamivi yogādindriyavācakalāt pratyakṣaśabdasya prastutatvācca karaṇalakṣaṇasya pramitilakṣaṇaṃ yadya pyanucitaṃ tathāpi yataityadhyāhāreṇa pratyakṣapramākaraṇalakṣaṇe vācye tadekadeśapramāravarūpe jñāte tatkaraṇatvaṃ sujñeyamityāśa yena vā saṅgamanīyaṃ ātmamanaḥsaṃyogajanyasukhādivāraṇāya jñānamiti yadyapi tajjanyatvāt jñānamātre'tivyāptirīśvara pratyakṣe cāvyāptistathāpi sākṣātkaromītyanuvyavasāyasiddhasā
1 adhyāyaḥ kṣāttvajātyavacchinne jñātamityantasya tātparyyaṃ yadā indriyārtha sannikarṣotpannamiti sāvadhāraṇaṃ indriyārthasannikarṣātiri ktānutpannaṃ atiriktaṃ cātra jñānaṃ tena jñānākaraṇakamityarthaḥ bhramavārakamavyabhicārīti bhramabhinnamityarthaḥ idaṃ sāṃśikabhra masyālakṣyatvena lakṣyatve tu tadvati tatprakārakatvaṃ nirvvikalpakasya lakṣyatve tadabhāvavati tadaprakārakatvamarthaḥ tasya vibhāgaḥ avyapadeśyaṃ vyavasāyātmakamiti nirvvikalpakaṃ savikalpakaṃ ceti dvividhaṃ pratyakṣamityarthaḥ |
anumānaṃ lakṣayati vibhajate ca |

1.5

ānantaryyabodhakāthaśabdo hetuhetumadbhāvasaṅgatisūcanāya tatpūrvvakaṃ pratyakṣapūrvvakaṃ pratyakṣaṃ pratyakṣaviśeṣo vyāyādiviṣayaka stena vyāptiviśiṣṭapakṣadharmatājñānajanyatvaṃ labhyate anumānaṃ anu mitiḥ yatadatyadhyāhāreṇa ca karaṇalakṣaṇaṃ atha vā karaṇa lakṣaṇamevedaṃ tatrānumānamiti karaṇalyuṭā anumitikaraṇa miti samākhyābalādeva labdhaṃ tacca vyāptijñānaṃ pratyakṣapūrvvakaṃ sahacārapratyakṣapūrvvakaṃ vibhajate trividhamiti pūrvvaṃ kāraṇaṃ tadvat talliṅgakaṃ yathā meghonnativiśeṣeṇa dṛṣṭyanumānaṃ śeṣaḥ kāryyaṃ talli llakaṃ śeṣavat yathā nadīvṛdvā vṛṣṭyanumānaṃ sāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ kāryya 1 athātha kāraṇabhinnaliṅgakaṃ yathā pṛthivītvena dravyatvānumānaṃ atha vā pūrvvaṃ anvayastadvatkevalā nvayītyarthaḥ yathā abhidheyaṃ prameyatvādi tyādi śeṣovyatirekastadvatkevalavyatirekītyarthaḥ yathā pṛthivī itarebhyobhidyate gandhavattvādityādi sāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ anvaya vyatireki yathā vahnimān dhūmādityādi |
upamānaṃ lakṣayati |

1.6

prasiddhasya pūrvvapramitasya gavādeḥ sādharmyātsāddaśyāt tajjñānāt sādhyasya gavayādipadavācyatvasya sādhanaṃ siddhirūpa mānamupamitiryataityadhyāhāreṇa ca karaṇalakṣaṇaṃ atha vā sādhyaṃsāṃdhanamiti karaṇalyuṭā karaṇalakṣaṇamevedaṃ atra ca vaidha rmyopamitimapi manyante ṭīkākṛtaḥ yathāca atidīrghagrīvatvādi paśvantaravaidharmyajñānāduṣṭre karabhapadavācyatāgrahaḥ evamanyo' pyupamānasya viṣayaiti bhāvyaṃ tathā mudgaparṇīsadṛśīṣvoṣadhī viṣaṃ hantītyatideśavākyārthe jñāte mudgaparṇī sādṛśyajñāne jāte iyamoṣadhī viṣaharaṇītyupamityā viṣayīkriyataityādi |
śabdaṃ lakṣayati |
atra tu śabdaḥ punararthe tathācaiteṣāṃ punaḥ prameyatvaṃ na tu pramā viṣayatvena saṃyogādīnāmapi prameyaśabdohi vādādiśabdavat paribhāṣāviśeṣeṇa dvādaśasu pravarttate tatra ca prakṛṣṭaṃ meyaṃ prameya miti yogārthaḥ prakarṣaśca saṃsārahetumithyājñānaviṣayatvaṃ mokṣa hetudhīviṣayatvaṃ vā rūḍhyā ca tāvadanyānyatvamarthaḥ lakṣaṇamapi tadeva prameyaṃ kimityākāṅkṣāyāmātmādayodarśitāityato vacanabhede'pi nānanvayaḥ vedāḥ pramāṇamityādāvapyevaṃ anyathā ātmasūtre vigatiḥ syāttathā ca vakṣyate prameyatvenaikyamiti pratipādanāya anyatamājñāne'pi nāpavargaiti pratipādanāya vā prameyamityekavacanamityanye taccintyaṃ atrāpi ātmā ca śarīrañca indriyāṇi ca arthāśca buddhiśca manaśca pravṛttiśca doṣāśca pretyabhāvaśca phalañca duḥkhañca apavargaśceti yathāvacanaṃ vigrahaṃ varṇayanti atra prādhānyātkāraṇarūpaṣaṭkamabhidhāya kāryyarūpaprameyaṣaṭkamabhihitaṃ tatra pūrvvapūrvvasya prādhānyāt prathamamuddeśaiti vadanti |
tatra prathamoddiṣṭamātmānaṃ lakṣayati |

1.7

śabda iti lakṣyakathanaṃ tadarthaḥ pramāṇaśabda iti āptopadeśa iti lakṣaṇaṃ āptaḥ prakṛtavākyārthayathārthajñānavān tasyopadeśa ityarthaḥ prakṛtavākyārthayathārthajñānaprayuktaḥ śabda iti phalitārthaḥ atha vā āptoyathārthaupadeśaḥ śābdabodhoyasmāttat śābda tvañca jātiviśeṣastathāca yathārthaśābdajñānakaraṇatvamarthaḥ atra ca viśeṣyāvṛttyaprakārakatvataditaprakārakatvādipramālakṣaṇā nāmekaṃ lakṣaṇe parañca lakṣyatāvacchedake niveśanīyamatonā bhedaḥ |
vibhajate|

1.8

sapramāṇaśabdaḥ śabdatadupajīvipramāṇātiriktapramāṇagamyā rthakodṛṣṭārthakaḥ śabdatadupajīvipramāṇamātragamyārthako'dṛṣṭā rthakaḥ tathā ca dṛṣṭārthakatvā dṛṣṭārthakatvabhedātpramāṇaśabdasya daivi dhyamityarthaḥ |

1.10

atra cātmanaḥ pratyakṣatvānniliṅgakathanamamaṅgataṃ na ca śarīrā tiriktāvayutpādanārthaṃ taditi vācyaṃ agrimaparīkṣāvaiyarthyāpatteḥ lakṣaṇakathanena nyūnatvaṃ ceti celliṅgapadasya lakṣaṇārthatvāt na ca liṅgamityekavacanena militānāṃ lakṣaṇatvaṃ pratīyate taccāyuktaṃ vaiyarthyāditi vācyaṃ kiṃ lakṣaṇamityākāṅkṣāyāmicchādīnāma bhidhānānmilitaṃ lakṣaṇamiti pratyāyakābhāvāt tathāca pratye kameva lakṣaṇaṃ atra jñānecchāprayatnānāmātmamātrasya lakṣaṇatvaṃ sukhaduḥkhadveṣāṇāṃ saṃsāriṇolakṣaṇamiti |
kramaprāptaṃ śarīraṃ lakṣayati |

1.11

atra ceṣṭādimilitāśrayatvaṃ na lakṣaṇaṃ vaiyarthyādapi tvāśraya padasya pratyekamanvayācceṣṭāśrayatvādilakṣaṇatraye tātparyyaṃ ceṣṭā tvañca prayatnajanyatāvacchedakojātiviśeṣaḥ na ca śarīrāvaya ve'tivyāptiḥ anyāvayavitvena viśeṣaṇāt na ca niṣkriyaśarīre 'vyāptistatra hetau mānābhāvāt ataevāha indriyāśrayaiti indriyāśrayatvañca avacchedakatākhyasvarūpasambandhaviśeṣeṇa cakṣu ṣmānahaṃ vadato'hamityādipratīteḥ arthāśrayatvamityatrārthaśabdo na rūpādiparastadāśrayatvasya ghaṭādāvativyāpteḥ kintu sukha duḥkhānyataraparaḥ ataeva bhāṣyaṃ yasminnāyatane sukhaduḥkhayoḥ pratisaṃvedanaṃ pravarttate sa eṣāmāśrayastaccharīramiti vastutasta nyatarāśrayatvamapi tallakṣaṇaṃ kintu sukhāśrayatvaṃ duḥkhāśrayatva śceti lakṣaṇadvaye tātparyyaṃ śarīrasya tadāśrayatvamavacchedakatā sambandhena hastāderalakṣyatve lantyāvayavitvena viśeṣaṇīyaṃ svargi śarīre nārakiśarīre vṛkṣādau sukhaduḥkhasvīkārānnāvyāptiḥ na ca tacchūnyakhañjaśarīre'vyāptiḥ sukhādyāśrayavṛttidravyatva vyāpyajātimattvasya vivakṣitatvāt tādṛśajātiśca manuṣyatvacaitra tvādiḥ kalpabhedena narasiṃhaśarīrāṇāṃ bhedānnarasiṃhatvajāti mādāya narasiṃhaśarīre lakṣaṇasamanvayaiti |
indriyaṃ vibhajate lakṣayati ca|

1.12

yadyapi manaso'pīndriyatvamastyeva tathāpi ghrāṇetyāderupa lakṣaṇaparatvānna doṣaḥ vastutastvindriyāṇītyasya bahirindri yāṇītyarthaḥ tena bhūtebhyaityasya nāsaṅgatiḥ atra caitānīndriyā ṇīti vadatā ghrāṇādyanyatvaṃ lakṣaṇamiti sūcitaṃ pratyakṣajana katāvacchedakatayā indriyatvamakhaṇḍopādhirūpamityanye ghrāṇa tvādikaṃ jātiviśeṣarūpaṃ karṇaśaṣkulyavacchinnaṃ nabhaḥ śrotraṃ ghrāṇa dīni kiṃ prakṛtikānītyākāṅkṣāyāmāha bhūtebhyaiti tenendriyā ṇāmahaṅkāraprakṛtikatvaṃ neti mantavyaṃ vyutpādayiṣyate cedaṃ tṛtī yādhyāye atra ghrāṇādīnāṃ caturṇāṃ pṛthivyādijanyatvaṃ sambhavati śrotrasya karṇaśaṣkulyavacchinnākāśasya karṇaśaṣkulyājanyatvādeva janyatvavyapadeśaḥ athavā abhinnānīti pūrayitvā bhūtābhinnā nīti vyākhyeyaṃ ghrāṇādītyasyopalakṣaṇaparatve tu bhūtebhyaiti bahirindriyaparaṃ |
bhūtānyeva kānītyākāṃkṣāyāmāha |

1.13

ārambhe parasparānapekṣatvasūcanāyāsamāsakaraṇaṃ bhūtatvantu bahirindriyagrahaṇayogyaviśeṣaguṇavattvaṃ pṛthivītvādayastu jāti viśeṣā iti |
kramaprāptamarthaṃ vibhajate lakṣayatica |

1.14

vaiśeṣikāryataḥ dravyaguṇakarmasvarthaśabdābhidheyatvamataḥ pañcā nāṃ gandhādīnāmeva kathaṃ tattvamityāśaṅkānirāsāya tadarthā ityuktaṃ teṣāmindriyāṇāmarthā viṣayāuddiṣṭāapi taevetyā śrayaḥ ityañca tadarthatvaṃ lakṣaṇamiti mantavyaṃ tacchabdena vahiri ndriyāṇi parāmṛśyante tathā caikaikavahirindriyamātragrāhyaviśeṣa guṇatvaṃ bahirindriyadayāgrāhyavahirindriyagrāhyaguṇatvaṃ vā tadarthaḥ pṛthivyādiguṇā iti lakṣyanirdeśaste ke guṇā ityākāṅkṣāyāṃ gandhetyādi pṛthivyādīnāṃ guṇā iti ṣaṣṭhīsamāsobhāvyasaṃmata stena guṇaguṇinorabhedoneti sūcitaṃ |
buddhiṃ lakṣayitumāha |

1.15

anarthāntaraṃ samānārthakaṃ na tu sāṃkhyānāmiva buddhitattvasya mahattatvāparaparyyāyasya pariṇāmaviśeṣojñānaṃ yathā caitattathā vakṣyate tathāca buddhyādipadavācyatvamanubhavasiddhajñānatvajāti reva vā lakṣaṇamiti bhāvaḥ |
manolakṣayati |

1.16

yugapat ekakāle ekātmanīti pūraṇīyaṃ jñānānāmanutpa ttiryataḥ saeva dharmojñānakaraṇāṇutvaṃ manasoliṅgaṃ lakṣaṇami tyarthaḥ tathāhi cakṣurādiṣu viṣayasambandhe'pi yattvāsattyabhāvā dekaṃ na jñānaṃ janayati tatsambandhādaparañca jñānaṃ janayati tadeva cāṇu nikhilajñānajanakaṃ sukhādisākṣātkāra sādhāraṇa kāraṇaṃ tadekameva lāghavātsiddhaṃ mana ityarthaḥ evamavyākhyāne ca lakṣaṇaprakaraṇe pramāṇopanyāso'saṅgataḥ syāditi anyetu sati dharmiṇi lakṣaṇacintetyatomanaḥsādhanāya yugapaditi sūtraṃ ityañca manaḥsiddhau niṣparśāṇutvādikaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ sukaramityā śayaiti vadanti |
pravṛttiṃ lakṣayati vibhajate ca |

1.17

atra ca pravṛttitvaṃ rāgajanyatāvacchedakojātiviśeṣaḥ sa eva lakṣaṇaṃ īśvarakṛterapi lakṣyatve yatnatvameva tathā jīvanayoni yatne nivṛttau tu mānābhāvāt tatsadbhāve'pi pravṛttitvaṃ nitya yatnasādhāraṇaṃ tadvyāvṛttaṃ vā tathā dvandānantaraśrutārambhapadasya pratyekamanvayādāgārambhādibhedena trividhā pravṛttiḥ buddhiśabde nātra mano'bhipretamiti śarīraśabdasya ceṣṭāvacchinna hastādi sādhāraṇaḥ tathā vacanānukūloyatnovāgārambhaḥ vacanānukūlaḥ śarīragocaroyatna śceṣṭānukūlayatnovā śarīrārambhaḥ etaddvaya bhinnomanobuddhyārambhaḥ sa ca dhyānāedayādeva darśanādyanukūlaḥ

1.19

dastadīyacaramaprāṇasaṃyogadhvaṃsastadīyaprāṇadhvaṃsovā tadīyo tpattistu tadīyavijātīyaśarīrādyaprāṇasaṃyogāditi|
phalaṃ lakṣayati|

1.20

atra ca mukhyaṃ phalaṃ sukhaduḥkhopabhogaḥ tathāca bhāṣyaṃ sukha duḥkhasaṃvedanaṃ phalaṃ tatra ca dharmādharmādvṛttaḥ prayojakatvāttatra ca doṣasya hetutvāt pravṛttidoṣajanitetyuktaṃ lakṣaṇantu sukha duḥkhānyatarasākṣātkāra iti gauṇaṃ phalantu śarīrādikaṃ sarvva meva tathāca bhāṣyaṃ tatpunarddehendriyabuddhiṣu satīṣu bhavatīti sahadehendriyādibhiḥ phalamabhipretaṃ tathāhi pravṛttidoṣajani to'rthaḥ phalametatsarvvaṃ bhavatīti ityañca janyatvameva phalatvaṃ pravṛ ttidoṣajanita iti tu nirvvedāpayogāduktaṃ |
duḥkhaṃ lakṣayati |

1.21

bādhanā pīḍā tadeva lakṣaṇaṃ svarūpaṃ yasya tathācānubhava siddhaduḥkhatvajātireva lakṣaṇaṃ śarīrendriyārtheṣu duḥkhasādhanatvā tsukhe ca duḥkhānuṣaṅgāt duḥkhavyavahāraugauṇa iti ataevāgrima sūtre tatpadena duḥkhaparāmarśaḥ |
apavargaṃ lakṣayati |

1.22

tasya duḥkhasya atyantavimokṣaḥ svasamānādhikaraṇaduḥkhāmasamānakālīnodhvaṃsaḥ tasya ca janmāpāyādeva saṃbhavadatyāśayena duḥkhena janmanātyantaṃ vimuktirapavargaiti bhāṣyaṃ duḥkhena duḥkhānuṣaṅgeṇetyarthaḥ || samāptaṃ prameyalakṣaṇaprakaraṇaṃ |
kramaprāptaṃ saṃśayaṃ lakṣayati |

1.23

saṃśayaiti lakṣyanirdeśaḥ vimarśaityatra viprabdovirodhārthaḥ mṛśiśrjñānārthaḥ ekasmin dharmiṇīti pūraṇīyaṃ tena ekadharmiṇi virodhena bhāvābhāvaprakārakaṃ jñānaṃ saṃśayaḥ tatra kāraṇamukhena viśeṣalakṣaṇānyāha samānetyādi upapattirjñānaṃ tathāca samānasya viruddhakodidvayasādhāraṇadharmasya jñānādityarthaḥ anekadharmaḥ asādhāraṇadharmaḥ tajjñānādityarthaḥ tathāca sādhāraṇadharmavaddharmijñānajanyo'sādhāraṇadharmavaddharmijñānajanyaścetyarthaḥ vipratipattirviruddhakodidvayopasthāpakaḥ śabdastasmādityarthaḥ yadyapi śabdasya na saṃśāyakatvaṃ tathāpi śabdātkoṭidvayopasthitau mānasaḥ saṃśayaiti vadanti upalabdherjñānasya anupalabdhervya tirekajñānasya yā'vyavasthā sadviṣayakatvānirddhāraṇaṃ prāmāṇya saṃśayaiti phalito'rthaḥ anye tu upalabdhavyavasyāprāmāṇya saṃśayaḥ anupalabdhirupalabdhivirodhibhramatvaṃ tadvyavasthā tatsaṃśayaityāhuḥ vastutastu prāmāṇyasaṃśayasya na saṃśayahetutvaṃ kiṃ tvagṛhītāprāmāṇyakajñānasya viroghitayā sati prāmāṇyasaṃśaye tajjñānasyāvirodhitayā sādhāraṇadharmadarśanāditaeva saṃśa yotpattiriti upalabdhītyādikaṃ tādṛśasthale saṃśayobhavatītye tāvanmātraparaṃ cakārovyāpyasaṃśayasya vyāpakasaṃśayahetutvaṃ samu cinotīti vadanti viśeṣāpekṣaḥ koṭismaraṇasāpekṣaḥ vastutastu saṃśayadhārāvāhikatvaṃ syādataāha viśeṣeti viśeṣaṃ viśeṣa darśanaṃ apekṣate nivarttakatvena tathāca viśeṣadarśananivarttakakathana mukhena viśeṣādarśanajanyasaṃśayaityuktaṃ |
kramaprāptaṃ prayojanaṃ lakṣayati |

1.24

adhikṛtya uddiśya tathāca pravṛttihetvicchāviṣayatvaṃ prayo janatvaṃ viṣayatvaṃ sādhyatākhyaviṣayatāviśeṣaḥ jñānasukhatvādau vāraṇaṃ pravṛttihetviti svarūpakathanaṃ taccakacūḍāmaṇisumervādiprāptivārakaṃ taditi kecit atra ca nirupādhīcchāviṣayatvāt sukhaduḥkhābhāvayormukhyaprayojanatvaṃ tadupāyasya tu tadicchādhī necchāviṣayatvādgauṇaprayojanalamiti |
kramaprāptaṃ dṛṣṭāntaṃ lakṣayati |

1.25

laukiko'prāptaśāstrapariśīlanajanyabuddhiprakarṣaḥ pratipādya iti phalito'rthaḥ parīkṣakaḥ śāstrapariśīlanaprāptabuddhiprakarṣaḥ pratipādakaiti phalitārthaḥ tathāca pratipādyapratipādakayo riti paryyavasannaṃ bahuvacanaṃ kathāvaṅgatvamabhipretya buddheḥ sādhya sādhanobhayaviṣayiṇyāstadabhāvaviṣayiṇyāvā sāmyaṃ avirodho yasminnarthe so'rthodṛṣṭāntaḥ vādiprativādinoḥ sādhyasādhano bhayaprakārakatadabhāvadvayaprakārakānyataraniścayaviṣayodṛṣṭā ntaiti paryyavasito'rthaḥ || samāptaṃ nyāyapūrvāṅgaprakaraṇaṃ |
• kramaprāptaṃ siddhāntaṃ lakṣayati |

1.26

tantraṃ śāstraṃ tadevādhikaraṇaṃ jñāpakatayā yasya tādṛśoyo' bhyupagamastasya samīcīnatayā'saṃśayarūpatayā sthitirityatāca śāstritārthaniścayaḥ siddhāntaḥ atra cābhyupagamyamāno'rthaḥ siddhāntaiti bhāṣyaṃ abhyupagamaḥ siddhāntaiti vārttikaṭīkā nacātra virodhaḥ śaṅkanīyaḥ ācāryyaiḥ parihṛtatvāt tathāca citsukhīnibandhaḥ arthābhyupagamayorguṇapradhānabhāvasya vivakṣā indriyanānātvaṃ tathāca yadarthasiddhiṃ vinā yo'rthaḥ śabdādanu mānādvā na sidhyati so'dhikaraṇasiddhānta iti vastutastu śabda tvamanumānatvaṃ cāvivakṣitaṃ pramāṇamātramapekṣitaṃ ataeva pratya kṣeṇa sthūlatvasādhanānantaramuktamātmatattvaviveke so'yamadhikara ṇasiddhāntanyāyena sthūlatvasiddhau kṣaṇabhaṅgabhaṅgaiti tatra ca vākyā rthasiddhau tadanuṣaṅgī yorthaḥ so'dhikaraṇasiddhāntaiti vārttika phakkikāṃ likhitvā yena kenāpi pramāṇena vākyārthasiddhau janya mānāyāṃ yo'nyārthaḥ sidhyati sa tathetyarthaḥ iti vyākhyātaṃ dīdhi tikṛtā evaṃ heturīdṛśaḥ pakṣaśca vākyārthaiti ṭīkāvacane ca upalakṣaṇametadityuktaṃ tatra tatra vibhidyaiva lakṣaṇaṃ kāryyaṃ yattu janakībhūtavyāpakatājñāne vyāpakakoṭāveva viṣayaḥ prakṛtānu mityā vyāpakakoṭau viṣayīkṛtaḥ śābdajanakapadārthajñānaviṣa yatve sati śābdaviṣayaśceti dvayamadhikaraṇasiddhāntaiti tanna indriyanānātvā dau bhāṣyādyudāhṛte'vyāpteriti |
30 ||
abhyupagamasiddhāntaṃ lakṣayati |

1.31

aparīkṣitasya sākṣādasūcitasya viśeṣaparīkṣaṇaṃ viśeṣadharmma kathanaṃ abhyupagamāditi jñāpakatve pañcamī abhyupagamajñāpaka

1.34

ko'vayavaiti phalitārthaḥ tasya dvaividhyamāha udāharaṇasādha rmyāttathā vaidharmyāditi sādharmyamanvayaḥ vaidharmyaṃ vyatirekaḥ tādṛśavyāptiriti phalitārthaḥ udāharaṇasādharmyaṃ udāharaṇa bodhyānvayavyāptistato'nvayī heturjñātavyaudāharaṇeti spaṣṭārthaṃ tathāca jñātānvayavyāptikahetubodhako hetvavayavaḥ ajñāttavyati rekavyāptikahetubodhako hetvavayavaiti phalitārthaḥ evamapratī tānyayavyāptikahetubodhako hetvavayavovyatirekī hetuḥ ityameva pratītānvayavyatirekavyāptika hetubodhako hetvavayavo'nvayavyatire kītyapi sūcitamiti vadanti |
kramaprāptamudāharaṇaṃ lakṣayati |

1.35

dṛṣṭāntaudāharaṇamiti lakṣaṇaṃ dṛṣṭāntavacanaṃ dṛṣṭānta kathanayogyāvayavaityarthaḥ tena dṛṣṭāntasya sāmayikatvenāsārvva trikatve'pi na kṣatiḥ yogyatāvacchedakantu avayavārthānvitārtha kāvayavatvaṃ tacca dvividhaṃ anvayivyatirekibhedāttatrānvayyudāha raṇaṃ lakṣayati sādhyasādharmyāttaddharmabhāvīti anvayyudāharaṇa miti śeṣaḥ pare tu sampūrṇasūtramanvayyudāharaṇameva sāmānya lakṣaṇaṃ tūktamityāhuḥ sādhyasādharmyātsādhyasahacaritadharmāt 1 adhyāyaḥ prakṛtasādhanādityarthaḥ taṃ sādhyarūpaṃ dharma bhāvayati tathāca sādhanavattāprayuktasādhyavattvānubhāvako'vayavaḥ sādhyasādhanavyā ptyupadarśakodāharaṇamiti yāvat |
vyatirekyudāharaṇaṃ lakṣayati |

1.36

tadviparyyayāt sādhyasādhanavyatirekavyāptipradarśanāttathāca sādhyasādhanavyatirekavyāptyupadarśakodāharaṇaṃ vyatirekyudāhara ṇaṃ yathā jīvaccharīraṃ sātmakaṃ prāṇādimattvāt yannaivaṃ tannaivaṃ yathā ghaṭaiti vākāraḥ prayogamapekṣya tathā cānvayudāharaṇaṃ vyatirekyudāharaṇaṃ vā prayoktavyamityarthaḥ |
kramaprāptamupanayaṃ lakṣayati |

1.37

sādhyasya pakṣasya udāharaṇāpekṣa udāharaṇāmusārī ya upasaṃ hāra upanyāsaḥ prakṛtodāharaṇapadaśitavyāptiviśiṣṭa hetuviśi ṣṭapakṣaviśiṣṭabodhajanakoṇāyāvayavadatyarthaḥ nigamanaṃ hetuviśi ṣṭatvena na pakṣabodhakaṃ kintu pakṣavṛttitvahetubodhakamiti tadvyu dāsaḥ atra cānvayavyatirekavyāptyoranyataratvādinānugamaḥ kāryyamudāharaṇapadarmiteti tu paricāyakamātramiti tu na vācyaṃ udāharaṇaviparītavyāpyupadarśakopanayavārakatvāt vastu 'to'vayavapadenaiva tadyudāsaḥ sacopanayo dvividho'nvayivyatireki bhedāt tatheti sādhyasyopasaṃhāro'nvayupanayaḥ na tatheti sādhya syopasaṃhārovyatirekyupanayaḥ atraca tathāśabdaprayogāvaśyaka tvena tātparyyaṃ kintu vyāptiviśiṣṭavattvabodhe tathāca vahnivyāpya dhūmavāṃścāyamiti vā tathā cāyamiti vopanyāsaḥ evaṃ vyatireki ṇyapi vahnyabhāvavyāpakībhūtābhāvapratiyogidhūmavāṃścāyamiti vā na tatheti vopanyāsaḥ |
nigamanaṃ lakṣayati |

1.38

hetorvyāptiviśiṣṭapakṣadharmasya apadeśaḥ kathanaṃ pratijñāyāḥ pratijñārthasya sādhyaviśiṣṭapakṣasya vacanaṃ nigamanaṃ tathā ca vyāptivi śiṣṭapakṣadharmahetukathanapūrvvakasādhyaviśiṣṭapakṣapradarśakaḥ vyāptapakṣa dharmahetujñāpyasādhyaviśiṣṭabodhakastādṛśasādhyabodhakovā nyāyā vayavonigamanamiti asya tvanvayivyatirekibhedānna bhedaityā śayaḥ vyatirekiṇi tu tasmānna tathetyevākāraityapare |
samāptaṃ nyāyasvarūpaprakaraṇaṃ |

1.39

syādityanena vyabhicāraśaṅkānirāse niraṅkuśena vyāptijñāne nānumitiriti paramparayaivāsyopayogaityāṅgaḥ sa cāyaṃ pañcavidhaḥ ātmāśrayānyonyāśrayacakrakānavasthātadanyabādhi tārthaprasaṅgabhedāt svasya svāpekṣitve'niṣṭaprasaṅgaātmāśrayaḥ sa ca utpattisthitijñaptidvārā tredhā yathā yadyayaṃ ghaṭaetadghaṭa janyaḥ syāttadetadghaṭānadhikaraṇakṣaṇottaravarttī na syāt yadyayaṃ ghaṭaetadghaṭavṛttiḥ syāt etadghaṭavyāpyo na syāt yadyayaṃ ghaṭa eta dghaṭajñānābhinnaḥ syāt jñānasāmagrījanyaḥ syāt etadghaṭabhinnaḥ syāditi vā sarvvatrāpādyaṃ tadapekṣāpekṣittvanibandhaneo'niṣṭapra saṅgo'nyonyāśrayaḥ so'pi pūrvvavattredhā tadapekṣāpecyapekṣittvaniba ndhaneo'niṣṭaprasaṅgaścakrakaṃ catuḥkakṣādāvapi svasya svāpekṣāpekṣya pekṣittvasattvānnādhikyaṃ asyāpi pūrvvavattraividhyaṃ avyavasthitapara mparāropādhīnāniṣṭaprasaṅgo'navasthā yathā yadi ghaṭatvaṃ ghaṭa janyatvavyāpyaṃ syātkapālasamavetatvavyāpyaṃ na syāt tadanyabādhi tārthaprasaṅgastu dhūmoyadi vahnivyabhicārī syādvahnijanyo na syādi tyādiḥ prathamopasthitatvotsargavinigamanāvirahalāghavagauravā dikantu prasaṅgānātmakatvāt na tarkaḥ kintu pramāṇasahakāritva rūpasādharmyāttathā vyavahāra iti saṃkṣepaḥ |

1.41

jalpaviśeṣe nātivyāptiḥ tatra ca nigrahasthānaviśeṣaniyamārthaṃ siddhāntetyādiviśeṣaṇadvayaṃ anye tu tadapi lakṣaṇaghaṭakameva tadarthaśca tāvanmātranigrahasthānayogyatvaṃ tāvadatiriktanigrahasthānopanyāsāyogyatvaṃ vā nigrahasthānaṃ pratijñāhā nyāyādīnāmekaṃ dhṛtvā tadupanyāsāyogyatvamiti niṣkarṣaḥ tenoktajalpaviśeṣavāraṇamityāhuḥ siddhāntāviruddhatyanenāpasiddhāntodbhāvanaṃ pañcāvayavopapannatyanena nyūnādhikodbhāvane avayavābhāsasya dṛṣṭāntāsiddhādeścodbhāvanaṃ pramāṇetyanena ca pramāṇābhāsatvena hetvābhāsānāṃ tarkābhāsasya copanyāso niyamyate tathācātra hetvābhāsanyūnādhikapasiddhāntarūpanigrahasthānacatuṣṭayodbhāvanamiti vadanti vastutastu vādasya vītarāgakathātvena tattvanirṇayasyoddeśyatayā puruṣadoṣāsyāvijñātārthāderiva nyūnādhikayorapi nodbhāvanamucitamataeva pañcāvayavāvaśyakatvamapi bhāṣyakāronānumaṃne hetvābhāsādyudbhāvanenāpi ca tadaiva kathāvicchedoyadi hetvantareṇāpi sādhayituṃ na śakyate itarathātu taddhetoreva duṣṭatvaṃ ityañca pañcāvayavopapannaiti prāyikatvābhiprāyeṇeti tattvaṃ vādādhikāriṇastu tattvabubhutsavaḥ prakṛtoktikāḥ avipralambhakāḥ yathākālasphūrttikā anākṣepakayuktisiddhapratyatāraḥ anuvidheyastheyaḥ sabhyaguruṣavatī janatāsabhā anuvidheyo rājādiḥ stheyān madhyasthaḥ sā ca vāde nāvaśyakī vītarāga kathātvāditi |

1.42

nāyaṃ hetvābhāsallakṣaṇayogāditi sāmānyatonāyamasiddha ityādi viśeṣataḥ prativādinā svasyājñānādinirāsāya paro ktasya yathāsambhavādeva lābhe ucyamānagrāhyāṇāmaprāptakālā rthāntaranirarthakārthakānāmalābhe uktagrāhyāṇāṃ pratijñānta rapratijñāsaṃnyāsahetvantarāvijñātārthavikṣepamatānujñānyūnādhi kapunaruktaniranuyojyānuyojyāpasiddhāntānāmalābhe paryyanuyo jyopekṣaṇasya madhyastheṅgādyatvādevānupasthānyāsārhatayā yathā sambhavahetvābhāsena paroktaṃ dūṣayitvā svapakṣaupanyasanīyaḥ tato vādinā dṛtīyakakṣāśritena paroktamanūdya svapakṣadūṣaṇamuddhṛtya nu kriyāhyocyamānagrāhyahetvābhāsātiriktoktagrāhyāṇāmalābhe hetvābhāsena yathāsambhavaṃ pratipakṣavādinaḥ sthāpanā dūṣaṇīyā anyathā kramaviparyyāse'prāptakālaṃ anavasare dūṣaṇodbhāvane ca niranuyojyānuyogaḥ yathā vakṣyabhi caitratijñāhānirviśeṣe yadyapi ceddhetvantaramityādipratijñāhetvādivaddhetvābhāsānāmukta grāhyatvāviśeṣe'pi vyarthadoṣatvenāpradhānatvāccaramamanusandhāna miti |
vitaṇḍāṃ kramaprāptāṃ lakṣayati |

1.43

yadyapi tacchabdena jalpona parāmarttuṃ śakyate jalpasya sthāpanā iyavataḥ pratipakṣasthāpanāhīnatvasya viruddhatvāt tathāpi khāpa 1 sabhyathānādyayavattvaṃ vihāya jalpaikadeśaḥ parāmṛśyate pratipakṣoddiṣṭonya pakṣastathāca pratipakṣasthāpanāhīnā vijigīṣukathā vitaṇḍeti na ca svasya sthāpanīyābhāvāt kathamiyaṃ kathā pravarttatāmiti vācyaṃ parapakṣakhaṇḍanena jayasyaivoddeśyatvāt pare tu yatparapakṣa khaṇḍanenaiva svapakṣasiddherarthādeva siddhestatsādhanābhāve'pi na pravṛ ttyanupapattiriti vadanti |
samāptaṃ kathāprakaraṇaṃ |
kramaprāptān hetvābhāsāṃllakṣayati vibhajate ca |

1.44

nacātra lakṣaṇaṃ na pratīyata iti vācyaṃ hetvābhāsaśabdasya hetu vadābhāsamānārthakatvenaiva tatsūcanāt sūcanāddhi sūtraṃ tathāhi pakṣasattvasapakṣasattvavipakṣāsattvābādhitatvā satpratipakṣitatvopapanno heturgamakaḥ tadvadābhāsataityatra cāryasaṅginatve sati taddharmā vattvaṃ tathāca pañcarūpopapannatvābhāve sati tadrūpeṇa bhāsamānaiti phalitārthaḥ tatra ca lakṣaṇaṃ satyaṃ tasyaiva dūṣakatāyāmupayogāt na ca asādhakatāyāṃ pakṣasattvādyaikekābhāvasyaiva gamakatvasambhave 'dhikavaiyarthyaṃ etena pañcānyatvaṃ lakṣaṇamityapi prayuktamiti vācyaṃ pañcānyatamatvāvacchinnābhāvasya pañcasattvābhāvādyaghaṭitatvena vaiyarthyābhāvāt vastutastu pṛthivī itarebhyobhidyate sparśavattvāt prameyamākāśādityādau sapakṣādyaprasiddhairnatasya lakṣaṇaletā tparyyaṃ parantu vipakṣāsattvasapakṣasattvābhyāmavyabhicaritasāmānā dhikaraṇyaṃ pakṣasattvasahitasya caitasya virodhitvaṃ vibhinnaṃ tena vyāptiviśiṣṭapakṣadharmatā virodhitvaṃ caramayostvanumitivirodhi tvayānavacchinnatvārthakayorabhāvādanumitivirodhitvaṃ tenānumi titatkāraṇānyataravirodhitvaṃ paryyavasyati |
savyabhicāraṃ lakṣayati |

1.45

ekasya sādhyasya tadabhāvasya vā yo'ntaḥ sahacāraḥ avyabhi caritasahacāraḥ avyabhicaritasahacārasyāntaḥ sahacāra ittyā śayaḥ sacātra vyāptigrāhakastathā caikamātravyāptigrāhakasahacāra staikāntikastadanyo naikāntikaḥ sa ca sādhāraṇo'sādhāraṇo'nu pasaṃhārī ceti trividhaḥ sādhāraṇaḥ sādhyavadanyavṛttiḥ yathā śabdonityaḥ niḥsparśatvāt na ca viruddhasaṅkīrṇadoṣaḥ upadheya saṅkare'pyupādherasaṅkarāt asādhāraṇaḥ sapakṣavipakṣavyāvṛttaḥ sapakṣaḥ sādhyavattvaniścayaviṣayaḥ yathā śabdonityaḥ śabdatvādi tyādau anupasaṃhārī ca kevalānvayidharmāvacchinnapakṣakaḥ yathā sarvvaṃ nityaṃ meyatvādityādi atraca sādhyasandehāṅgāprigrahena bhavatītyāśayaḥ navyāstu asādhāraṇaḥ sādhyavadavṛttiḥ etasya sādhyasahacāragrahapratibandhena vyāptigrahapratibandhā dūṣakatāvījaṃ anupasaṃhārī ca kevalānvayisādhyakastasya cātyantābhāvāprati yogisādhyakatvarūpasya jñānādvyatirekavyāptigrahapratibandhā dūṣa katāvījaṃ ityāūḥ |
kramaprāptaṃ viruddhaṃ lakṣayati |

1.46

atraca siddhāntaṃsādhyaṃ pratijñārtho hi pakṣasya siddhānta sādhyamabhidhīyate tathā ca sādhyamabhyupetya uddiśya prayuktastadvi rodhī sādhyābhāvavyāptaiti phalitārthaḥ yathā vahnimān hrada tvāditi etasya sādhyābhāvānumitisāmagrītvena sādhyānhumiti pratibandhodūṣakatāvījaṃ na ca satpratipakṣādviśeṣaḥ tatra hetvantaraṃ sādhyābhāvasādhakaṃ ihtu hetureva sādhyābhāvasādhakaḥ sādhyasā dhakatvena tayopanyasta ityuktiviśeṣāennāyakatvena viśeṣāt |
kramaprāptaṃ prakaraṇasamaṃ lakṣayati |

1.47

sa hetuḥ svasādhyasya parasādhyābhāvasya vā nirṇayārthamapadiṣṭaḥ prayuktaḥ prakaraṇasama ucyate sa ka ityākāṅkṣāyāmāha yasmātpra karaṇaṃ pakṣapratipakṣāviti bhāṣyaṃ sādhyatadabhāvavantāviti tadartha stathā ca nirṇayārthaṃ prayukto heturyatra nirṇayaṃ janayitumaśaktastulya balena pareṇa pratibandhātkintu dharmiṇaḥ sādhyavattvaṃ tadabhāvavattvaṃ veti cintāṃ jijñāsāṃ pravarttayati saprakaraṇasamaḥ yadvā prakṛṣṭaṃ karaṇaṃ liṅgaṃ parāmarśo vā koheturanayoḥ sādhakaḥ etayoḥ kaḥ parāmarśaḥ prameti vā yatra jijñāsābhavatītyarthaḥ yasmādityāditu vastusthitimātraṃ lakṣaṇantu tulyabalaviro dhiparāmarśakālīnaparāmarśaviṣayatvaṃ svasādhyaparāmarśakālīna tulyabalavirodhiparāmarśovā virodhiparāmarśasya ca hetuniṣṭha tvamekajñānaviṣayatvasambandhena anyathāhetorduṣṭatvaṃ na syāt ayañca daśāviśeṣe doṣa ityataḥ saddhetorapi virodhiparāmarśakāle duṣṭatvamiṣṭamevetyavadheyaṃ |
kramaprāptaṃ sādhyasamaṃ lakṣayati |

1.48

sādhyena vahnyādinā'viśiṣṭaḥ kuta ityata āha sādhyatvā diti sādhanīyatvādityarthaḥ yathā hi sādhyaṃ sādhanīyaṃ tathā hetu rapicetātsādhyasama ityucyate ataevāsiddhaiti vyavahriyate ayañcāśrayāsiddhisarūpāsiddhi vyāpyatvāsiddhibhedāttrividhaḥ | āśrayāsiddhiśca pakṣe pakṣatāvacchedakābhāvaḥ yathā kāñcana mayaḥ parvvatovahnimānityādau svarūpāsiddhiḥ pakṣe hetutāvacche dakāvacchinnasyābhāvaḥ yathā hradodravyaṃ dhūmādityādau vyāpyatvā siddhiścāvyabhicarita sāmānādhikaraṇyasyābhāvaḥ na ca svarūpā siddhereva sūtrāllakṣyatvapratīternobhayorlakṣyatvamiti vācyaṃ hetu ritipadaṃ hyatra pūraṇīyaṃ hetupadañca gamakahetaurvyāptivi śiṣṭapakṣadharmmasya vācakaṃ vyāptiviśiṣṭapakṣadharmma ityeva vā paryyato tathāca tasya kiñcidaṃśasādhyatvenaiva sādhyasamatvaṃ ataeva sādhye sādhyatāvacchedakābhāvaḥ sādhane sādhanatāvacchedakābhāvaśca vyāpya tvāsiddhiḥ yathā pakṣatāvacchedakābhāvapakṣatāvacchedakavadbhedāde ranyatamatvenāśrayāsiddhitvaṃ yathāca pakṣe hetvabhāvahetumadbhedā deranyatamatvena svarūpāsiddhitvaṃ tathā sādhyatāvacchedakābhāvāde ranyatamatvena vyāpyatvāsiddhitvaṃ tritayānyatamatvaṃ cāsiddhi sāmānya lakṣaṇaṃ nīladhūmatvāderapi vyāpyatvāsiddhāvantarbhāvaṃ vadanti teṣāmayamāśayaḥ vyāptirhi sādhyasambandhitāvacchedaka rūpā gurudharmmasya sādhyasambandhitānavacchedako'tonīladhūmatvādeḥ sādhyasambandhitānavacchedakatvānna vyāptisvarūpatvaṃ tathāca sādhya tāvacchedakābhāvādiriva sādhanatāvacchedake vyāpyatānavacchedakatva mapi bhavati vyāpyatvāsiddhiriti |
58 || kramaprāptamatītakālaṃ lakṣayati |

1.49

atītakālasya samānārthakatvāt kālātītaśabdenoktaṃ kālasya sādhanakālasyātyaye'bhāve'padiṣṭaḥ prayukto hetuḥ etena sādhyābhāvapramālakṣaṇārthaiti sūcitaṃ sādhyābhāvanirṇaye sā dhana sambhavādayameva bādhitasa dhyakaditi gīyate yathā vahnira nuṣṇaḥ kṛtakatvādityādau na ca bādhe āvaśyakasya vyabhicārasva rūpā siddhānyatarasyaiva doṣatvamucitamiti vācyaṃ tadapratisandhā nena bādhasya doṣatvāvaśyakatvāt upadheyasaṅkarepyupādherasaṅka rāt utpattikālāvacchinno ghaṭogandhavān śikharāvacchinnaḥ parva tovahnimānityādāvasaṅkarācca sādhyābhāvavatyakṣatāvacchedakā vacchinnakasya tatra sattvātparaṃ tu ghaṭaḥ sakartṛkaḥ kāryyatvādi tyādau yatra lāghavāpanītamekamācakartṛkatvaṃ bhāsata ityucyate tatra tadabhāvo'saṅkīrṇodāharaṇamiti vadanti |
samāptaṃ hetvābhāsaprakaraṇaṃ |
kramaprāptaṃ chalaṃ lakṣayati |

1.50

arthasya vādyabhimatasya yo vikalpoviruddhaḥ kalpo arthāntara kalpaneti yāvat tadupapattyā yuktiviśeṣeṇa yovacanasya vādyuktasya vidyātodūṣaṇaṃ tacchalamityarthaḥ vaktṛtātparyyāviṣayārthakalpane tadbhūṣaṇābhidhānamiti phalitaṃ tātparyāviṣayatvaṃ viśeṣyeviśeṣaṇe saṃsarge vā yathā nepālādāgatoyaṃ navakambalavattvādityatra nava saṃkhyāparatvakalpanayā 'siddhividhānaṃ prameya dharmatvādityatra puṣpalārthakalpanayā bhāgāsiddhividhānaṃ vahnimān dhūmādityatra dhūmātrayave vyabhicārābhidhānaṃ |
lakṣitaṃ chalaṃ vibhajate |

1.51

tatra vākchalaṃ lakṣayati |

1.52

yatra śakyārthadvaye sambhavati ekārthanirṇāyakaviśeṣābhāvād nabhipretaśakyārthakalpanena dūṣaṇābhidhānaṃ tadvākchalaṃ lakṣaṇantu śaktyā ekārthaśābdabodhatātparyyakaśabdasya śaktyārthāntaratātpa ryyakatvakalpanayā dūṣaṇābhidhānaṃ yathā nepālādāgatoyaṃ navakambalavattvādityukte kutosya navasaṃkhyākāḥ kambalā iti evaṃ gaurrviṣāṇītyukte kutogajasya śṛṅgaṃ śvetodhāvatīti śvetarūpavada bhiprāraṃyeṇokte śvāto na dhāvatītyabhidhānamityādikamūhyaṃ |
sāmānyacchalaṃ lakṣayati |

1.53

sāmānyaviśiṣṭasambhavadarthābhiprāyeṇoktasya atisāmānya yogādasambhavadarthakatvakalpanayā dūṣaṇābhidhānaṃ sāmānya cchalaṃ | yathā brāhmaṇe'yaṃ vidyācaraṇasampanna ityukte brāhmaṇa tvena vidyācaraṇasampadaṃ sādhayatīti kalpayitvā paro vadati kuto brāhmaṇatvena vidyācaraṇasampadātvevyabhicārāt |
upacāracchalaṃ lakṣayati |

1.54

dharmaśabdasyārthena sambandhastasya vikalpodvividhaḥ kalpaḥ śakti lakṣaṇāṇyarūpastathāca śaktilakṣaṇayorekataravṛtyā prayukte śabde tadaparavṛtyā yaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ sa upacāracchalaṃ yathā mañcāḥ krośani nīloghaṭaityādau mañcasthā eva krośanti na tu mañca evaṃ ghaṭasya kathaṃ nīlarūpābhedaḥ evaṃ ahaṃ nitya iti śaktyā prayukte amukasāṃdutpannastvaṃ kathaṃ nitya iti pratiṣedhoṣyupacāra cchalaṃ vādyabhipretārthasyādūṣaṇena chalasyāsaduttaratvaṃ | na ca śiṣṭalākṣaṇike prayogādvādinaevarādhaḥ syāditi vācyaṃ yattadarthabodhakatayā prasiddhasya śabdasya prayoge vādino'naparā dhāt anyathā parvvatovahnimānityukte parvvato'yaṃ kathamavahnimā ntyādidūṣaṇenānumānādyucchedaḥ syāt |

1.60

2 adhyā : pramāṇaiḥprathitairdoṣairvivādeṣu parīkṣitaiḥ | hariṃ dvitīya madhyāyaṃ bhāṣamānamahaṃ bhaje |

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Nyāyasūtra — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit

Nyayasutra 1

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