Nyāya Sūtras 13
Nyāyabhāṣya 13
- Language
- Sanskrit
13.2
bhogasādhanāni punaḥ ---
Next, the instruments of experience [are]:
13.3
ghrāṇarasanacakṣustvakśrotrāṇīndriyāṇi bhūtebhyaḥ ||
NyS 1.1.12: The olfactory, gustatory, visual, tactile, and auditory sense organs [originate] from the elements.
13.4
jighraty aneneti ghrāṇaṃ gandhaṃ gṛhṇātīti/ rasayaty aneneti rasanaṃ rasaṃ gṛhṇātīti/ caṣṭe 'neneti cakṣū rūpaṃ paśyatīti/ tvaksthānam indriyaṃ tvak/ tadupacāraḥ sthānād iti/
One smells with it, hence it is 'olfactory' (ghrāṇa), meaning it grasps smell. One tastes with it, hence it is 'gustatory' (rasana), meaning it grasps taste. One sees with it, hence it is 'visual' (cakṣus), meaning it perceives color-form. The sense organ whose site is the skin is the tactile [organ] (tvac); its figurative designation is due to its site.
13.5
śṛṇoty aneneti śrotraṃ śabdaṃ gṛhṇātīti/ evaṃ samākhyānirvacanasāmarthyād bodhyaṃ svaviṣayagrahaṇalakṣaṇānīndriyāṇīti/
One hears with it, hence it is 'auditory' (śrotra), meaning it grasps sound. In this way, by the power of the etymological analysis of their designations, it is to be understood that the sense organs are characterized by grasping their respective objects.
13.6
bhūtebhya iti/ nānāprakṛtīnām eṣāṃ satāṃ viṣayaniyamaḥ, naikaprakṛtīnām/ sati ca viṣayaniyame svaviṣayagrahaṇalakṣaṇatvaṃ bhavatīti//12//
[The sūtra says:] 'from the elements.' Since they have diverse material causes, there is a restriction to [specific] objects, not if they had a single material cause. And when there is a restriction to [specific] objects, there is the character of grasping their respective objects.
Translations (1)
- English (machine translation) — English, machine translation
Commentaries (2)
- Nyāyavārtikatātparyaṭīkā — Vācaspati Miśra, Sanskrit
- Nyāyavārttika — Uddyotakara, Sanskrit
Linked texts (2)
- Nyāyasūtra — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit
- Nyāyamañjarī — Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit