Nyāya Sūtras 265
Nyāyabhāṣya 265
- Language
- Sanskrit
265.2
tad evaṃ nyāyaviruddhaṃ pravādaṃ pratiṣidhya ``na sarvaguṇānupalabdher'' iti coditaṃ samādhīyate ---
Thus, having refuted that claim which contradicts reasoning, the objection raised that "[it is not so] because of the non-apprehension of all qualities" is answered:
265.3
pūrvapūrvaguṇotkarṣāt tat tat pradhānam ||
Nyāyasūtra 3.1.68: Because of the predominance of each preceding quality, each respective [sense organ] is predominant.
265.4
tasmān na sarvaguṇopalabdhiḥ, ghrāṇādīnāṃ pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ gandhāder guṇasyotkarṣāt tat tat pradhānam/ kā pradhānatā? viṣayagrāhakatvam/ ko guṇotkarṣaḥ? abhivyaktau samarthatvam/ yathā bāhyānāṃ pārthivāpyataijasānāṃ dravyāṇāṃ caturguṇatriguṇadviguṇānāṃ na sarvaguṇavyañjakatvaṃ gandharasarūpotkarṣāt tu yathākramaṃ gandharasarūpavyañjakatvam,
evaṃ ghrāṇa rasanacakṣuṣā.ṃ caturguṇatriguṇadviguṇānāṃ na sarvaguṇagrāhakatvam, gandharasarūpotkarṣāt tu yathākramaṃ gandharasarūpagrāhakatvam/ tasmād ghrāṇādibhir na sarveṣāṃ guṇānām upalabdhir iti/
yas tu pratijānīte gandhaguṇatvād ghrāṇaṃ gandhasya grāhakam evaṃ rasanādiṣv apīti, tasya yathāguṇayogaṃ ghrāṇādibhir guṇagrahaṇaṃ prasajyata iti//68//
Therefore, there is no apprehension of all qualities; because of the prominence of each preceding quality, such as smell, in the olfactory and other [sense organs], each respective one is predominant. What is predominance? Being the grasper of an object. What is prominence of a quality? Capacity in manifestation. Just as among external substances—earthy, aqueous, and fiery—possessing four, three, and two qualities, there is no manifestation of all qualities, but rather, due to the prominence of smell, taste, and color, there is manifestation of smell, taste, and color respectively; likewise, the olfactory, gustatory, and visual [sense organs], possessing four, three, and two qualities, are not graspers of all qualities, but rather, due to the prominence of smell, taste, and color, they are graspers of smell, taste, and color respectively. Therefore, there is no apprehension of all qualities by the olfactory and other [sense organs]. But for one who asserts that the olfactory organ grasps smell because it has smell as a quality, and so on for the gustatory and other organs, it would follow that there is grasping of qualities by the olfactory and other organs in accordance with the conjunction of qualities.
Translations (1)
- English (machine translation) — English, machine translation
Commentaries (2)
- Nyāyavārtikatātparyaṭīkā — Vācaspati Miśra, Sanskrit
- Nyāyavārttika — Uddyotakara, Sanskrit
Linked texts (1)
- Nyāyasūtra — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit