Nyāya Sūtras 308
Nyāyabhāṣya 308
- Language
- Sanskrit
308.2
bhūtendriyamanasāṃ samānaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ, manas tūdāharaṇamātram/
The denial is the same for the elements, sense organs, and the mind; the mind, however, is merely an example.
308.3
yathoktahetutvāt pāratantryād akṛtābhyāgamāc ca na manasaḥ ||
[Sūtra 3.2.38]: [Consciousness does] not belong to the mind, because of the reasons stated above, because of dependence, and because of the acquisition of [the results of] what was not done.
308.4
``icchādveṣaprayatnasukhaduḥkhajñānāny ātmano liṅgam''ity ataḥ prabhṛti yathoktaṃ saṅgṛhyate, tena bhūtendriyamanasāṃ caitanyapratiṣedhaḥ/
pāratantryāt --- paratantrāṇi bhūtendriyamanāṃsi dhāraṇapreraṇavyūhanakriyāsu prayatnavaśāt pravarttante, caitanye punaḥ svatantrāṇi syur iti/
Beginning with 'Desire, aversion, effort, pleasure, pain, and knowledge are the mark of the self', what was stated above is summarized; by that, consciousness of the elements, sense organs, and the mind is denied.
'Because of dependence': the elements, sense organs, and the mind are dependent; they operate in actions of sustaining, propelling, and assembling under the power of effort. If they had consciousness, on the other hand, they would be independent.
308.5
akṛtābhyāgamāc ca --- ``pravṛttir vāgbuddhiśarīrārambha''iti caitanye bhūtendriyamanasāṃ parakṛtaṃ karma puruṣeṇopabhujyata iti syāt, acaitanye tu tatsādhanasya svakṛtakarmaphalopabhogaḥ puruṣasyety upapadyata iti//38//
And 'because of the acquisition of [the results of] what was not done': according to [the sūtra] 'Activity is the initiation of speech, thought, and body', if the elements, sense organs, and the mind had consciousness, it would follow that action performed by another is experienced by the person. If they lack consciousness, on the other hand, it is logical that the person, who possesses them as instruments, experiences the fruit of action performed by himself.
Translations (1)
- English (machine translation) — English, machine translation
Commentaries (2)
- Nyāyavārtikatātparyaṭīkā — Vācaspati Miśra, Sanskrit
- Nyāyavārttika — Uddyotakara, Sanskrit
Linked texts (1)
- Nyāyasūtra — Akṣapāda Gautama, Sanskrit