Paumacariya 20
English (machine translation) 20
- Language
- English
20.1
Having thus heard the life of the lord of the Rākṣasas, the king of Magadha / asked the foremost Gaṇadhara about the origins of the Jinas and cakravartins:
20.2
"In whose lineage was born that eighth Baladeva, / renowned throughout the three worlds, O greatly famed one? Or what was his life?"
20.3
When that chief of the gaṇa was thus addressed by Śreṇika with a bow, / he then began to relate [the lineage] of the supreme Jinas, beginning with Ṛṣabha:
20.4
Ṛṣabha, and the Jina Ajita, and Sambhava worshipped by gods, the destroyer of rebirth, / Abhinandana, Sumati, Padmaprabha, and Supārśva;
20.5
Candraprabha, Suvidhi, and the tenth Śītala, and Śreyāṁsa, / the blessed Vāsupūjya, Vimala, Ananta, and Dharma;
20.6
Śānti, Kunthu, Ara, Malli, Munisuvrata, Nami, Nemi, / Pārśva, and Vardhamāna, whose sacred order is now in effect.
20.7
First in the other world there was the preeminent city Puṇḍarīkiṇī; / thereafter Susīmā, Kṣemapura, and Campā rich in excellent jewels.
20.8
For the Tīrthaṅkaras beginning with Ṛṣabha down to Vāsupūjya, the best of Jinas, / these cities were their royal capitals in former times.
20.9
After this were the great cities: the renowned Ariṣṭhapura and Bhaddilapura; / then Puṇḍarīkiṇī as well, and the great city Susīmā;
20.10
Kṣemā, Vītaśokā, the city of Campā, likewise Kauśāmbī, / Nāgapura, Sāketa, and the charming city of Chattākāra.
20.11
These cities of royal dharma, resembling cities of the gods, / belonged to the remaining supreme Jinas in their previous lives in succession.
20.12
The first among them was Vajranābha, and the second was Vimalavāhana, / and then Vipulavāhana, Mahābala, and Atibala;
20.13
Aparājita was another here, and likewise one named Nandiṣeṇa, / and Padma and Mahāpadma, then Padmottara;
20.14
King Paṅkajagulma, and in succession Nalinīgulma, / and then Padmāsana, Padmaratha, and Dṛḍharatha;
20.15
Megharatha, Siṁharatha, Vaiśramaṇa, and Śrīdharma, / Supratiṣṭha, Surajyeṣṭha, Siddhārtha, and Ānanda;
20.16
And likewise Sunanda. These, indeed, were the names of the Tīrthaṅkaras in their previous existences, / O Śreṇika, explained by me in their proper order.
20.17
And the first preceptor was Vajrasena, then Aridamana, likewise Svayaṁprabha, / and then Vimalavāhana; the preceptors Sīmandhara and Vīra;
20.18
The great-souled Pihitāsrava, Aridamana, and the sage Yugandhara, / the teacher Vajradatta who brings joy to all people;
20.19
And the preceptor Vajranābha; and Sarvagupta is to be known, / Citrarakṣa, and then Vimalavāhana, and Ghanaratha;
20.20
And then Saṁvara, and monk Saṁvara is to be known, / and Varadharma, Sunanda, Nanda, and Vītaśoka;
20.21
And Ḍāmaramaṇi is mentioned, and Poṭṭila in the former birth— / these are to be known in order as the preceptors of the Tīrthaṅkaras.
20.22
Sarvārtha, Vaijayanta, Graiveyaka, two named Jayanta, / the upper and middle Graiveyakas are declared, and Vaijayanta;
20.23
The Aparājita celestial vehicle; the highly fortunate Āraṇa is to be known, / and then Puṣpottara, Kāpila, and Sahasrāra;
20.24
Puṣpottara, Vijaya, then the excellent vehicle Aparājita, / likewise Vaijayanta, and at the end comes Puṣpottara.
20.25
Descending from these celestial vehicles, the Tīrthaṅkaras were born / here in the realm of Bharata, worshipped by gods and asuras, perfected.
20.26
The city, mother and father, asterism, and the tree of omniscience, / and the place of attainment of nirvāṇa—I will tell all concerning the supreme Jinas.
20.27
Sāketa, Marudevī, Nābhi, and Uttarāṣāḍhā, / the banyan tree, and Aṣṭāpada: may the first Jina grant blessing! (1)
20.28
And Kōsalā, Vijayā, Jitaśatru, Rohiṇī, the Jina Ajita, / and the saptaparṇa tree: O Śreṇika, may he grant you blessing! (2)
20.29
Śrāvastī, the queen Senā too, the enemy-conquering Sambhava, the lord among supreme Jinas, / the divine tree, the excellent sāla: O ruler of Magadha, may they wipe away your evil!
20.30
Siddhārthā, the first city [Ayodhyā], the constellation Punarvasu, the sarala tree, / then the monarch Saṁvara, and the Jina Abhinandana: may they purify [you]!
20.31
Meghaprabha, the priyaṅgu [flower], Sumaṅgalā, and the excellent city Sāketa, / the constellation Maghā, and Sumati: may they bring you boundless auspiciousness, O king!
20.32
Kauśāmbī and Susīmā, the priyaṅgu, Citrā, and King Dhara, / and Padmaprabha, the lord of Jinas: may they bring you auspiciousness always!
20.33
Supratiṣṭha, the city of Kāśī, Pṛthvī, Viśākhā, and the śirīṣa tree, / the Tīrthaṅkara Supārśva: may this bring you supreme auspiciousness!
20.34
Candraprabha, the city Candrapurī, Mahāsena, Lakṣmaṇā, and Anurādhā, / and the nāga tree: may they bring supreme, peerless auspiciousness in the three worlds!
20.35
Kākandī, Sugrīva, Rāmā, Mūla, and the Jina Puṣpadanta, / and the mallī tree: O Śreṇika, may they destroy your evil!
20.36
Bhadilapura, Sunandā, Pūrvāṣāḍhā, and King Dṛḍharatha, / the lord of Jinas Śītala, and the nyagrodha tree: may they take away your evil!
20.37
Siṁhapura, Viṣṇuśrī, the king who was an ascetic, Viṣṇu, / the Tīrthaṅkara Śreyāṁsa, and the tinduka tree: may they grant happiness!
20.38
Campā, the pāṭalā tree, Jayā, and King Vasupūjya, / the blessed Vāsupūjya, and the constellation Śatabhiṣaj: may they purify [you]!
20.39
Kāmpilya, Kṛtadharma, Śyāmā, Vimala, and the jambū tree, / and Uttarabhādrapadā: may they forever grant your welfare!
20.40
Ayodhyā, Sarvayaśā, the constellation Revatī, the Jina Ananta, / and King Siṁhasena, and Sāketa: may they grant you happiness!
20.41
Ratnapura, the curd-white [flower], Bhānu, Dharma, and his mother Suvratā, / and the constellation Puṣya: may these grant you auspiciousness!
20.42
Airāṇī, Nāgapura, the constellation Bharaṇī, and the nandi tree, / and King Viśvasena: may the Jina Śānti grant you peace!
20.43
Nāgapura, Tilakaśrī, the Jina Kunthu, and the constellation Kṛttikā, / together with the lord of men Śūra: may they destroy your evil!
20.44
Mitrā, Sudarśana too, the first city [Hastināpura], the Jina Ara, and the mango tree, / and the constellation Rohiṇī: may they always bring about your auspiciousness!
20.45
Mithilā and King Kumbha, the constellation Aśvinī, the Jina Malli, / and the bodhi tree, the aśoka: may they swiftly destroy your sorrow!
20.46
Padmāvatī, Kuśāgra, the campaka, the ascetic and Sumitra, / and the lord of Jinas Munisuvrata: may he destroy the dirt of your evil!
20.47
Vijayā and Mithilā, Vapra, the bakula tree, Aśvinī, and the lord of Jinas Nami: / O ruler of Magadha, may they grant you communion with dharma!
20.48
Then Śauryapura, Samudravijaya, Śivā, Mount Ujjayanta, / Citrā, and Ariṣṭanemi: O king, may they grant you auspiciousness!
20.49
Vārāṇasī, Viśākhā, Pārśva, Vāmā, and Aśvasena, / and Ahicchatrā: may they always produce auspiciousness outside for you!
20.50
Siddhārtha, Kuṇḍapura, the sarala [tree], Priyakāriṇī, and Hasta, / and the blessed lord of Jinas Vīra: may they always grant you auspiciousness!
20.51
On Mount Aṣṭāpada, Ṛṣabha became liberated; the Jina Vāsupūjya in Campā; / Vardhamāna in Pāvā; and Nemi on the summit of Mount Ujjayanta.
20.52
The remaining Tīrthaṅkaras attained liberation and reached bliss on Mount Sammeda. / The person who recites or hears [this] attains the fruit of enlightenment.
20.53
Śānti, Kunthu, and Ara were both Tīrthaṅkaras and Cakravartins; / the remaining foremost Jinas were ordinary kings.
20.54
Candraprabha was like the moon in color; the second foremost Jina, Puṣpadanta, was also [white]; / Supārśva, free from delusion, had the color of the priyaṅgu blossom.
20.55
Pārśva, the blessed one praised by the king of nāgas, had the color of fine young rice; / Padmaprabha resembled a lotus; and Vāsupūjya had the hue of a kiṁśuka flower.
20.56
Munisuvrata, the lord of the gods, had the appearance of Mount Añjana; / the Jina Nemi, the delight of the Yādavas, had limbs colored like a peacock’s neck.
20.57
The remaining Tīrthaṅkaras are declared to be the color of refined gold. / Malli, Ariṣṭanemi, Pārśva, Vīra, and Vāsupūjya—
20.58
these lions among youths, lords among supreme Jinas, went forth [unmarried] from their homes; / the others, having enjoyed royal rule on earth, renounced the world.
20.59
These moon-like lords of Jinas, continually worshipped and honored by gods and men, / received the great anointing on the king of mountains at the time of their birth.
20.60
Having attained auspiciousness, the supreme state, the eternal abode of bliss, / may all the supreme Jinas, abodes of all the three worlds' auspiciousness, grant [you] the ultimate goal!
20.61
[Śreṇika said:] “The measure of lifespan, and the interval between the Tīrthaṅkaras and Cakravartins, / and who was the Baladeva or Cakravartin during whose ford—
20.62
by your grace, O Blessed One, I wish to know this! / Tell me with clear and distinct meaning, just as it occurred in the course of time.”
20.63
As soon as this was spoken by the king of Magadha, then Gautama, / with a voice deep as a raincloud, related everything without remainder:
20.64
“This matter, which in its extensive exposition is beyond counting and exceedingly immense, / has been grasped here by wise men entirely in brief.
20.65
A pit measuring one yojana in width and one yojana in depth, / filled with the hair-tips of a sheep newborn on that very day, by the crores—
20.66
when one [hair-tip] is taken away every hundred years, the time that passes / by such passing of time is called one palyopama.
20.67
Ten crore-crores of palyopamas make one sāgaropama; / ten crore-crores of oceans make an avasarpiṇī.
20.68
An utsarpiṇī is likewise equal, having an alternating nature, / just as during the dark and bright fortnights the moon wanes and waxes.
20.69
Six divisions of this time segment are taught, to be known [by the wise]; / they perpetually make their wheel-like revolution in Bharata and Airāvata.
20.70
The period of Ati-suṣamā lasts four crore-crores [of sāgaropamas]; / Suṣamā lasts three, and Suṣama-duḥṣamā lasts two.
20.71
The period of Duḥṣama-suṣamā lasts one crore-crore, / reduced, in truth, by forty-two thousand years.
20.72
The duration of Duḥṣamā turns out to be twenty-one thousand years; / in extreme Duḥṣamā, it should be known to be just the same.
20.73
Fifty hundred thousand crore oceans is the first interval; / the second is thirty, and the third should be known as ten.
20.74
The fourth is ninety-nine, and the fifth is said to be ninety thousand; / the sixth is nine thousand of those called oceans [sāgaras];
20.75
the seventh interval is stated by the tradition-bearers as nine hundred; / the eighth as ninety, and the ninth should be known as just nine.
20.76
In counting of years, two hundred and sixty thousand, / plus twenty-six thousand, minus one hundred sāgaras, is one crore in the tenth [interval].
20.77
Fifty-four sāgaras, thirty, nine, and four: / these intervals are declared in regular succession.
20.78
Three sāgaras, minus three parts of a palya, / should be known as the fifteenth Jina interval.
20.79
Half a palya is the sixteenth; the seventeenth interval is a quarter of a palya / diminished by one thousand crores of years.
20.80
A thousand crores of years is the eighteenth interval hereafter; / fifty-four hundred thousand is the nineteenth Jina interval.
20.81
Six hundred thousand is declared as the twentieth interval; / five lakhs is the twenty-first Jina interval.
20.82
Eighty-three thousand, seven hundred and fifty, is the twenty-second; / two hundred and fifty is the twenty-third interval.
20.83
In the reckoning of time, the dispensation of Vīra will last twenty-one thousand [years]; / after that, by absolute rule, the extreme dussamā will last just as long.
20.84
When the lord Jina Vīra has attained final nirvāṇa, the time, devoid of extraordinary wonders, / bereft of Balas, Cakrins, and Haris, will be destitute of the supreme knowledge.
20.85
Rulers of the earth will be wicked, bent on vicious conduct, and sinful; / men will be filled with abundant deceit and fraud, their minds ever intent on anger.
20.86
Being themselves ruined by false doctrines resembling the fruit of the guñjā, / they will destroy many people with numerous treatises of wrong views.
20.87
Excessive rain, drought, and uneven patterns of rainfall / will occur in dussamā owing to the natural modification [of the epoch].
20.88
In dussamā, the height of human beings will be seven cubits; / by degrees there will be a decline, until at the end it is two cubits.
20.89
A hundred years is declared as the initial lifespan in dussamā; / here it declines by degrees down to twenty-three years.
20.90
In the extreme dussamā, the height of men devoid of righteous intellect / will be two cubits, and their lifespan twenty years.
20.91
At the end of the extreme dussamā, the height of human beings will be one cubit; / their lifespan will be sixteen years, through the influence of that age.
20.92
There will be neither kings nor servants, neither homes nor festivals nor kinships; / men, devoid of dharma, will feed on reptiles.
20.93
Thus lifespan, strength, and height decline during the avasarpiṇī, / and in the period of the utsarpinī, they increase once again by degrees.
20.94
Thus, O king, the intervals of the Jinas and time have been expounded to you; / henceforth, hear in due order the height and lifespan of the lord Jinas.
20.95
Eighteen, thirteen, and eight hundred [bows], and in the remainder decreasing by twenty-five bows, / gradually diminishing, is this height of the kulakaras.
20.96
Five hundred bows is the height of the first lord of supreme Jinas; / among the [next] eight, a diminution of fifty occurs by rule.
20.97
Ninety is that of the Jina Śītala; then eighty, seventy, and sixty; / and fifty in succession is the height of the supreme Jinas.
20.98
In the [next] eight, there is a diminution of five each; [then] nine cubits and seven cubits / is the stature of the Tīrthaṅkaras: this has been stated in brief.
20.99
The eighth part of a palya, and what would be the tenth part of that: / that was declared by the Jinas to be the lifespan of the first kulakara.
20.100
Thus a tenth and a tenth part of the lifespan is deducted / for the rest of the kulakaras, and for Nābhi, O son, it is crores.
20.101
Eighty-four hundred thousand pūrvas was the lifespan of Ṛṣabha; / and seventy-two [lakhs] in the case of Ajita; among six, there is a decline of ten.
20.102
Two lakhs and one lakh are in order the lifespans in pūrvas of the two Jinas; / eighty-four, seventy-two, sixty, thirty, ten, and one [lakh]—
20.103
these are the lakhs of years of the six supreme Jinas; / ninety-five thousand and eighty-four [thousand] should be known.
20.104
Fifty-five, thirty-five, and ten thousand, and one thousand; / after this, one hundred years, and there are seventy-two years.
20.105
Thus, O Śreṇika, the lifespan of the Tīrthaṅkaras has been expounded by me; / now hear from me which cakravartin appeared in which interval.
20.106
Of Ṛṣabha and Sumaṅgalā was born Bharata, the first cakravartin; / now, in Puṇḍarīkiṇī, in another birth, he had been Bāhu.
20.107
The son of Jina Vajrasena, upon dying, set forth to the heavenly abode of Sarvārtha; / falling from there, he became Bharata and went to perfection.
20.108
In Pṛthvīpura, a king named Vijaya, having obtained Jasahara as his guru, / went forth into homelessness and went to the noble celestial vimāna Vijaya.
20.109
Descending [from there], he was born to Vijaya and Yaśomatī in Kosalā / as Sagara; having performed austerities upon separation from his sons, he went to liberation.
20.110
Then in Puṇḍarīkiṇī, Śaśiprabha, having received the initiation of the Jina / in the presence of the noble sage Vimala, became a chief deity in the Graiveyaka heavens.
20.111
Falling from there, he was born in Śrāvastī to King Sumitra / and Bhāminī, as the cakravartin named Maghavan.
20.112
In the Jina interval between Dharma and Śānti, having enjoyed the land of Bharata, / and having performed the austerities of supreme Jinas, he went to the Sanatkumāra heaven.
20.113
Then Sanatkumāra, renowned throughout the three worlds for his exceeding beauty, / arose as a steadfast cakravartin in that very same Jina interval.
20.114
Then the king of Magadha said: “By what power of merit produced / was he born exceedingly beautiful? Tell me this wondrous matter, O blessed one!”
20.115
The Gaṇadhara related in brief the whole Purāṇic account: / “Here in this realm of Bharata, there is a village named Govardhana.
20.116
A householder born into a śrāvaka family named Jinadatta lived there; / having performed austerities with religious rules, he passed away and departed for a good realm.
20.117
His wife, Vinayavatī, in separation from him, had a very large Jina temple built, / and with a steadfast mind, having taken renunciation, she died.
20.118
A householder named Meghabāhu dwelt there, / gentle, endowed with right view, steadfast, and full of zeal.
20.119
Having instituted a great worship in that temple of the Jina built by Vinayamatī, / he died full of faith, and from there arose as a yakṣa.
20.120
Devoted to the dispensation of the Jina, with pure and firm right faith, / he rendered service to the fourfold community of ascetics.
20.121
Falling from there, he was born in Mahāpura to Tilakasundarī, / the wife of Suprabha, as the king named Dharmaruci.
20.122
He became a disciple of the sage Suprabha, endowed with the vows, samitis, and guptis, / free from defects such as doubt, and indifferent even to his own body.
20.123
With his mind devoted to the saṅgha, zealous in service, great in virtues, / having met his end, he was born as a chief deity in the Māhendra heaven.
20.124
Descending from that divine vimāna, he was born to the wife of King Sahadeva / in the city of Gajapura as Sanatkumāra the cakravartin.”
20.125
Hearing his beauty praised by the lord of Saudharma, / two gods became doubtful and came down.
20.126
Having seen the cakravartin, the gods said, "Bravo! Bravo! / Your beauty praised by Śakra is indeed exceedingly handsome."
20.127
Then the cakravartin said: "O gods, if you have come to see me, / wait for a moment, and behold me after I have bathed and eaten."
20.128
Bathed, his toilet performed, his body adorned with all ornaments, / seated on the throne, the cakravartin was seen by the gods.
20.129
Thereupon the gods said: "This supreme beauty of yours is handsome; / only one defect is in it, because of which it is fleeting in nature.
20.130
That splendor suited to your youth, which was present at the very first sight— / how has that charm deteriorated in an instant with such swift speed?"
20.131
Hearing the words of the gods, knowing human birth to be impermanent, / the cakravartin renounced the world and performed severe ascetic penance.
20.132
Enduring afflictions and diseases, endowed with numerous supernatural powers and supreme energy, / then, having died, he went to the Sanatkumāra heaven.
20.133
Then in Puṇḍarīkiṇī, Megharatha, having taken the state of a pupil under Ghanaratha, / died and was born as an eminent god in Sarvārtha.
20.134
Having fallen from there, in Nāgapura, in the womb of Viśvasena's wife, / a son was born—Śānti, who brings peace to living beings.
20.135
Having enjoyed the realm of Bharata and established the ford, he reached perfection, / the sixteenth among the Jinas and the fifth among the cakravartins.
20.136
Kunthu and Ara, both cakravartins, were also born as Tīrthaṅkaras; / destroying the dirt of karma, they attained supreme, unshakeable liberation.
20.137
Between the Jinas Dharma and Śānti was Sanatkumāra; / three Jinas were cakravartins; this interval should be known.
20.138
In Dhanyapura, O king!, the king, having become a disciple / of the sage Vicitragupta, died and attained the world of the gods.
20.139
Descending from the celestial vehicle, he was born to Tārā, / the wife of the lord of Śrāvastī, Kārtavīrya, as a son.
20.140
Named Subhūma, having slain Paraśurāma, the son of Jamadagni, in battle, / he became a cakravartin, a valiant lord of treasures.
20.141
Having rid the earth of Brāhmaṇas and dying devoid of self-restraint, / he reached the seventh hell through his addiction to intense sins.
20.142
The king named Cintāmaṇi in the city of Vītaśoka, / having obtained the teacher Suprabha, was born in the fifth heaven.
20.143
Descending from there, in Nāgapura, to the wife of King Padmaratha, / named Mayūrā, the cakravartin Mahāpadma was born.
20.144
His eight daughters, endowed with beauty and good qualities, / did not desire husbands, and were abducted by eminent Vidyādharas.
20.145
Having found them and brought them back, all of them took renunciation, / and at the end of their lives they were born in the realm of the gods.
20.146
Those eight Vidyādhara youths, grieving over their separation, / became detached, renounced the world, and reached the highest celestial vehicles of the gods.
20.147
Awakened, spiritual urgency arising on account of his daughters, / the cakravartin gave the kingdom to Padma and renounced along with Viṣṇu.
20.148
The steadfast ascetic Mahāpadma, having performed austerities rich in great virtues, / reached the summit of liberation between the Jinas Ara and Malli.
20.149
There was a king in Vijayapura of great splendor named Mahendradatta; / having become a disciple of the sage Nandana, he went to the Māhendra heaven.
20.150
Falling from there, in Kāmpilya, he was born to Vaprā, the wife of King Harikeśin, / as Hariṣeṇa, a cakravartin famous throughout the earth.
20.151
Having adorned the entire earth with Jina temples, he renounced; / in the dispensation of Munisuvrata, freed from karma, he reached liberation.
20.152
King Amitaprabha in Rājapura, having become a disciple of the sage Sudharma, / attained the Brahmaloka heaven by virtue of austerity and self-restraint.
20.153
Descending from there, in Rājapura, he was born as the son of Queen Yaśomatī, / the valiant cakravartin Jayaṣeṇa, lord of all of Bharata.
20.154
Filled with spiritual urgency, taking initiation taught by the Jina, / having destroyed the eight karmas, he was liberated between the Jinas Nami and Nemi.
20.155
Formerly, in Vārāṇasī, at the feet of the monk Tiliṅga, / Sambhūta took renunciation and performed the twelvefold austerities.
20.156
Then, dying immersed in meditation, he was born in Kamalagulma / as an eminent supreme god, adorned with charming armlets and earrings.
20.157
There, in an excellent celestial vehicle, accompanied by celestial courtesans, possessing great splendor, / he enjoyed pleasing sensual pleasures and an abundance of supreme virtues.
20.158
Descending from the celestial vehicle, in Kāmpilya, to Puṣpacūlā, / the wife of King Brahmaratha, he was born as Brahmadatta.
20.159
Having enjoyed the realm of Bharata, dying devoid of self-restraint, / he entered the seventh earth between the Jinas Nemi and Pārśva.
20.160
These twelve cakravartins, lords of Bharata, have been declared by me; / O Śreṇika, they visibly display the fruition of merit to the people.
20.161
That men always live happily in mansions resembling mountain peaks / is the fruit of the tree of dharma, made manifest here in all the world.
20.162
That men live in houses riddled with hundreds of holes, / devoid of wealth and grain, is the fruit of the tree of sin.
20.163
That kings ride upon various horses and elephants / adorned with waving chowries is the fruit of the tree of dharma.
20.164
Wearied by thirst and hunger, their bodies afflicted by misery, cold, and heat, / that people walk on foot is all the fruit of the tree of sin.
20.165
That kings enjoy excellent food endowed with eighteen virtues / served in golden vessels is all the fruit of the tree of merit.
20.166
That men eat bad food devoid of flavor, / given in potsherds and clay bowls, is truly the fruit of the tree of sin.
20.167
That great men become Tīrthaṅkaras, cakravartins, / Baladevas, Vāsudevas, and the like, is the fruit of the tree of dharma.
20.168
This fruit of the trees of dharma and adharma has been described in brief. / Now hear, O Śreṇika!, the births of the Baladevas and Vāsudevas.
20.169
Nāgapura, Sāketa, Śrāvastī, and likewise Kauśāmbī, / Potanapura, Siṃhapura, Śailapura, Kauśāmbī,
20.170
and Potanapura again—these were the cities of the Vāsudevas / in succession in past lives, all equal to the city of the gods.
20.171
First was Viśvabhūti, and then renounced was Dhanamitra, / then Sāgaradatta, Priyamitra, and Lalitamitra,
20.172
likewise the one named Punarvasu, and the ninth was Gaṅgadatta; / in previous lives all these Keśavas were sages.
20.173
For the first, [the nidāna was] falling before a cow; fighting on account of the abduction of a woman;
death in a pleasure grove and forest; and playing in the woods;
20.174
excessive attachment to sense-objects, separation [from a lover], and extreme disfigurement—
these were the nidānas of the Keśavas in their prior births.
20.175
Therefore do not make, even for a moment, out of foolish delusion, penance accompanied by a nidāna,
which increases saṃsāra and is the root cause of all sufferings!
20.176
Sambhūta, Sambhava, and likewise Sudarśana, Śreyāṃsa,
Atibhūti, Vasubhūti, and likewise the sage Ghoṣasena,
20.177
and next Udadhi and Divasena—these best of sages
were the preceptors in their prior rebirth, in order, of the Vāsudevas here.
20.178
The Mahāśukra heaven, the Prāṇata heaven, and Acyuta,
Sahasrāra, Saudharma, Māhendra, Saudharma,
20.179
the Sanatkumāra heaven, and likewise the one named Mahāśukra—
having fallen from these, all the Keśavas were born.
20.180
Poyana city, Vāripura, Mahāpura, the city named Śānti,
Cakkapura, Kuśāgra, Mithilā, Sāketa, and Mathurā—
20.181
in these cities the Keśavas, endowed with power, were born.
Next, in sequence, I shall declare the fathers of them all:
20.182
First Prajāpati, Brahmabhūpa, then the one named Rudra,
Soma, Śivaṅkara, Samaśuddha, and Agnida,
20.183
King Daśaratha, and the monarch Vasudeva, in order—
these are the fathers of all the Vāsudevas.
20.184
The first was Mṛgāvatī, [then] Mādhavī, Pṛthvī, and likewise Sītā,
then Ambikā, Lakṣmī, Keśinī, and Kaikeyī,
20.185
and then Devakī—these were the mothers of the Vāsudevas.
Next I shall declare their wives; listen:
20.186
The first was Svayaṁprabhā, [then] Rukmiṇī, Prabhā, Manoramā,
and likewise Sunetrā, Vimalasundarī, Nandavatī,
20.187
then Prabhāvatī, and Rukmiṇī—endowed with virtues, beauty, and youth,
these were the chief queens of all the Vāsudevas.
20.188
The first city was called Puṇḍarīkiṇī, resembling a white cloud;
[then] Pṛthvī, Ānandapurī, and Nandapurī are to be known;
20.189
the city Aśokā, the charming Vijayapura, Susīmā,
Kṣemā, and Nāgapura—these [were the cities] of the Rāmas in their past births.
20.190
Subala, Pavanavega, Nandi, Sumitra, and Mahābala,
and then Puruṣavṛṣabha, and Sudarśana is to be known,
20.191
the ascetic Vasuṁdhara, Śricandra, and the last was Śaṅkha—
these were the names of the Baladeva-ascetics in their past births.
20.192
The homeless monk Munivṛṣabha, then the one named Śramaṇasiṁha,
the third was the sage Suvrata, Vṛṣabha, and Prajāpāla,
20.193
then Damadhara, Sudharma, Sāgaraghoṣa, and Vidyamābha—
these were the preceptors of the plough-wielders in their prior birth.
20.194
Three [fell] from the Anuttara [heavens], three from Sahasrāra,
two fell from Brahmaloka, and one from the tenth heaven.
20.195
Having fallen from these, all the Baladeva-sages, rich in asceticism, were born.
Next, O Śreṇika, I declare their mothers in this birth:
20.196
Bhadrā, Subhadrā, Sudarśanā, Suprabhā, Vijayā,
another Vaijayantī, Śīlā, Aparājitā,
20.197
and at the very end, Rohiṇī of supreme beauty was declared;
these were the mothers of the plough-wielders here.
20.198
Beginning with Śreyāṁsa, Tripiṣṭha and the five Keśavas worshiped the Jinas.
Puruṣapuṇḍarīka lived in the interval between the Jinas Ara and Malli.
20.199
The Keśava named Datta is declared [to have lived] between Malli and Munisuvrata.
Between Suvrata and Nami was the Keśava Lakṣmaṇa.
20.200
The last Keśava, full of strength, worships Ariṣṭanemi.
Next I shall declare all the cities of their adversaries:
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Linked texts (1)
- Paümacariya — Vimalasūri, Māhārāṣṭrī Prakrit