Pramāṇa · Search · About · API

The Story of Surasundarī 11

English (machine translation) 11

Language
English

11.1

Then, having regained consciousness after the swoon, filled with intense grief, / beating my own heart, I began to lament thus:

11.2

"Alas! My son, born but a moment ago, has been carried off by someone pitiless, / while I, unfortunate, had fallen into the forest, tormented by pain.

11.3

Thinking, 'Indeed, I shall look upon the face of my little son at dawn'— / but cruel fate has ordained this otherwise for me!

11.4

O god, after inflicting unbearable sorrow such as entering the forest, / were you still not satisfied even today, that my son was taken away?

11.5

O forest deities! My son was carried off while I had come to you for refuge; / is it then proper for you to treat me with disdain even here?

11.6

Alas, my son! How have you abandoned me, helpless, in the wilderness? / Alas, how have you, who were in my lap, suddenly vanished from sight?

11.7

Surely, hearing that harsh-sounding voice when I woke up, / he was carried off by that very one in the form of a piśāca.

11.8

Even that jewel, by whose power the lordly elephant suddenly fell from the sky back then, / has become useless to me, unfortunate one.

11.9

For even though it was tied around his neck, alas, my son, though lying in my lap, / was carried off by someone merciless whose form was invisible!"

11.10

As I, deeply miserable, was thus lamenting with manifold doubts, / the night too suddenly came to an end, as if grieved by my grief.

11.11

As though seeing me weeping most piteously, with a face full of sorrow, / the glory of the sky seemed to weep with thick falling stars as tears.

11.12

In the meantime, as if to search for the abductor of my son, / the sun, having dispelled dense darkness, mounted the peak of the dawn-mountain.

11.13

Then, when only half a watch of the day had passed, while I, utterly wretched, / was wandering here and there, weeping most piteously,

11.14

there arrived a solitary female ascetic, holding a water-pot in hand, wearing soft bark garments, / advanced in years, and of serene countenance.

11.15

Seeing me weeping there in the dense forest with various laments, / overcome with deep compassion, she approached my side.

11.16

She asked in a sweet voice: "O fair-bodied one, why do you weep? / From where have you come here alone into this terrifying forest?"

11.17

Having bowed to her, then, with tears streaming down, / I related the whole story, beginning with the abduction by the elephant.

11.18

Then the female ascetic said: "O fair-bodied one, you are not fit for such [suffering]; / yet what can be done here in this mortal world, which is subject to one's own karma?

11.19

O beautiful one, for beings residing in this existence, subject to karma, / such sorrows arise, so there is no wonder in this.

11.20

Whatever unwholesome karma was accumulated by you in another birth, / from its ripening has this grave calamity come, O fair-bodied one!

11.21

Therefore, when suffering ordained by another birth has arrived, what cause is there for grief? / Or what is the use of lamentation, which merely exhausts the body?

11.22

Now, our lovely hermitage is right near here; / come, O fair-bodied one, for this place is not suitable for you.

11.23

A cold wind blows here, and you have only recently given birth; / let no harm come to you, who possess a delicate body."

11.24

Having spoken thus, I was led by the female ascetic to the lovely hermitage, / and properly tended to out of uncaused affection.

11.25

Then, in a few days, having recovered some bodily health, / on another day I was led by her into the presence of the patriarch.

11.26

She too related to the patriarch the story previously told [by me]; / and he, full of compassion, instructed me with sweet words:

11.27

"Dear child, such sorrows are easily met in this saṃsāra / when Dharma, the friend in the other world and the cause of happiness, has not been practiced.

11.28

Precisely because unbearable sorrows arise here, / the steadfast, having renounced kingdoms, have retired to dwell in the forest."

11.29

While the patriarch was speaking thus, that female ascetic, / speaking into my ear, said: "This holy man is endowed with superior knowledge;

11.30

so ask what you desire." Being thus addressed, bending low with respect, / I asked: "O illustrious one, by whom was my son carried off?

11.31

Is he alive or dead? Shall I ever see him again, or not?" / Then, properly applying his mental focus, the patriarch said:

11.32

"Dear child, your son lying in your lap was carried off by a god, / enraged due to a past enmity, in order to deprive him of life.

11.33

Having taken him to a thicket of Mount Vaitāḍhya, onto a broad slab of rock, / he was abandoned, overcome with hunger, with the thought: 'Let him die miserably!'

11.34

Then, somehow, by the power of fate, a sky-goer arrived there / together with his wife, and took him as his own son.

11.35

In the house of that sky-goer he will grow up in comfort, and then, / having attained youth, he will meet you in Hastināpura."

11.36

When he had spoken thus, O king, my grief vanished; / living on fruits and roots, I remained devoted in service to the ascetics.

11.37

My dear, while I remained in that hermitage for several days, / on another day, as I was listening to Dharma at the feet of the patriarch,

11.38

accompanied by many ascetics, suddenly a prince, carried away / by a swift horse, arrived there alone.

11.39

Then, honored by the young ascetics who were hospitable to guests, / he approached, showed modesty, and sat down near the patriarch.

11.40

He was asked by the patriarch: "Who are you, noble sir, and from where have you come?" / And then he said: "Listen, holy sir, I shall explain.

11.41

In Siddhārthapura there was a renowned king named Sugrīva; / Kanakavatī was his queen, and I am her son named Suratha.

11.42

Because I was very dear [to him], my father, setting aside his eldest son Supratiṣṭha, / consecrated me to the rank of crown prince even in my childhood.

11.43

Then at another time, when my father died of consumption, / I was consecrated king in his place by the circle of ministers.

11.44

To that elder [son] Supratiṣṭha, born of another mother, / a certain Vidyādhara, who had been done a service,

11.45

gave spells headed by the sky-walking [lore]; through their power, / having waged battle, he seized the kingdom for himself.

11.46

Out of fear of him, accompanied by my mother, / I too came to the excellent city of Campā, into the presence of [my] maternal grandfather Kīrtidharma.

11.47

He too gave a thousand villages at the border of his territory; / and there, O holy one, accompanied by my mother, I dwell.’

11.48

‘A few days ago, a caravan of merchants entering this forest / was plundered by my men, and abundant wealth was acquired there.

11.49

And furthermore, various Tokharian horses were obtained there. / In order to train them, this very day at dawn,

11.50

I rode out; and as in due course I was riding the horses, / suddenly I was carried off by one of perverse training.

11.51

Moreover, the more he was pulled back, the more speed he gathered; / O holy one, by that horse I was brought here to your hermitage.’

11.52

And while Surabhi was thus narrating this event to the abbot, / his army, which had followed the horse’s tracks, arrived.

11.53

Then Surabhi said: ‘O holy one, I am going to my own place; / instruct me whatever should now be done by me.’

11.54

Then the abbot said: ‘Exert yourself according to your ability / in performing Dharma, such as honoring elders, and in affection for those who seek refuge.

11.55

Moreover, listen, good sir: this queen of King Amaraketu, / named Kamalāvatī, carried off by an elephant, is staying [here].

11.56

Hastināpura is far away, the forest is impassable and full of wild beasts, / and young ascetics do not traverse ploughed land.

11.57

Therefore, we are unable to convey her back to her own city, / nor has any other caravan of such sort come here.

11.58

Delicate of body, she stays with difficulty here in the forest; / so if you conduct her back to her own place, it will be well.’

11.59

Then Surabhi said: ‘O holy one, I will do as you say; / having gone myself, I will deliver [her] to Amaraketu.’

11.60

I was addressed by the abbot: ‘Child, did you hear Surabhi’s words? / Therefore go with him, for another caravan is hard to find.’

11.61

Then I thought: ‘Is going with him / proper for us? Or rather, the holy one alone knows what is suitable here.’

11.62

Having thought thus, I said: ‘O holy one, I will do as you say.’ / ‘If so, then child, set forth!’—so was I told by him here.

11.63

Greatly honoring his word, O king, having made appropriate polite conversation with the female ascetics and the like, / I then set out together with him.

11.64

And as in due course we reached this region, then that Surabhi, / having made some pretext, halted here in the wilderness.

11.65

Having encamped the army, day after day he came to me / and showed great respect. Then on another day, in private,

11.66

having taken the ornaments, he came to my side and spoke thus: / ‘Take these, fair one! You do not look handsome without ornaments.’

11.67

Recognizing all that jewelry of mine, beginning with the god-given earrings, / with an astonished heart I spoke this to him:

11.68

‘From where were these obtained by you, Surabhi? Tell me!’ / He said: ‘Listen, fair one! Previously, by my Bhīla men

11.69

a wealthy merchant caravan setting out for Kusāggapura was captured here in the forest, / and there this ornament, worthy of you, was obtained.’

11.70

And thereupon I said: ‘This very ornament is mine; / it had been entrusted to a merchant named Śrīdatta.’

11.71

With a delighted face he said: ‘If so, then it is all the fairer! / Therefore take this, fair one; you are worthy of it, no one else.’

11.72

Then, having realized his wicked intention, I accepted it; / and from then on, harborer of impure intent, he courted me every day.

11.73

He came in secret, told playful tales in front of me, / looked with passionate desire, and showed himself to be in love.

11.74

Then on another day, O dearest, by that wicked man infatuated with passion, / disregarding family propriety and casting shame far away,

11.75

greatly indulging his indiscretion, I, standing in private, was addressed thus: / ‘My body tormented by the god of love, fair-limbed one, I have sought refuge with you!

11.76

Make my life fruitful today by the union of your limbs! / My life-breaths depend on you; you are the mistress of all my possessions.

11.77

I am your servant, fair-limbed one, and all my retinue is at your command; / why say more? Love me, who am deeply impassioned with love!’

11.78

Hearing his words, as if suddenly struck by a thunderbolt, / heavy sorrow arose in me, O dearest, and I became overcome with anxiety:

11.79

‘Alas, this most wicked man will violate my chastity even by force, / since I am bereft of refuge; so what should I do now?

11.80

If I rebuke him now with excessively harsh words, / then this insolent man might do some outrange right now.

11.81

Therefore it is suitable now to resort to dumbness; thereafter, / having found an opportunity, I will flee from this wicked man.’

11.82

Having thought thus, keeping silent, I remained there with downcast face; / and he, seeing me answerless, arose from there.

11.83

When night arrived and the entire army was sound asleep, / having taken that jewelry, looking at [all] sides,

11.84

I set out with stealthy gait, the creeper of my body trembling intensely with fear; / having deceived the watchmen, I slipped out from that army.

11.85

Taking a single direction, I went through the midst of the dense forest, / hearing the manifold, terrifying cries of many wild beasts,

11.86

my body trembling, fancying the rustling sound / of leaves moving on trees shaken by the wind to be equal to the roar of lions.

11.87

And going in haste in that night of dense darkness, / on uneven ground covered with tall, dense grass,

11.88

not knowing the true ground, I suddenly fell into this well, / like souls that have committed many sins, O dearest, into a dreadful hell.

11.89

By the power of destiny, even though plunged into deep water, I did not die; / having reached the bank of the well, I hid there, O king!

11.90

With a pleased mind, [thinking:] ‘Even when death was at hand, chastity was preserved,’ / deeming myself to have accomplished my purpose, freed from the fear of Surabhi.”

11.91

Severely overcome by hunger, I remained here in the well for four days, / having abandoned hope of life, bereft of refuge.

11.92

Today, however, learning from the uproar that an army encampment was pitched, / I became anxious again, O lord, fearing that it was Surabha.

11.93

Then, seeing your man who entered the well, being all the more terrified, / I gave no answer at all when questioned.

11.94

And when I heard your name again, freed from apprehension of anyone else, / my limbs overflowing with joy, O lord, I climbed out of the well.

11.95

Such was [the suffering] experienced by me, bereft of refuge during separation from you, / which, upon being heard, causes pain even to those standing by."

11.96

Having heard this speech of Kamalāvatī, King Amaraketu, / his eyes clouded with tear-water and overcome by profound sorrow, began to speak:

11.97

"What can be done in this matter, O queen? It is only through the power of their own actions / that unbearable sufferings arise for living beings here in saṃsāra.

11.98

One experiences alone in various states of existence the happiness or misery wrought by oneself; / neither mother nor father, nor husband nor relatives, are indeed any refuge.

11.99

Whatever karma yielding inauspicious fruit was committed under the sway of attachment and hatred, / by the power of that, fair lady, has this succession of misfortunes arrived.

11.100

Even though things happened thus, O queen, that having fallen into the well you were obtained in this manner— / that, I consider, is due to some extraordinary arising of merit.

11.101

Even fate, though acting adversely, has accomplished this much that is good, / in that a reunion was brought about with you, your body uninjured."

11.102

Having consoled the queen with many reflections such as these, that king, / accompanied by his own army, arrived in due course at Gajapura.

11.103

Having caused immense rejoicing, being praised by the throng of city women, / Amaraketu, accompanied by Kamalāvatī, gave away gifts.

11.104

Having performed the auspicious ceremonies, bringing joy to the hearts of the townspeople, / he entered his own palace, surrounded by armed foot-soldiers.

11.105

And so, as that king, who knew no suffering, lived together with his queen, / several hundred thousands of years slipped by.

11.106

Then one day, while that king was seated in the royal assembly, / [a man] named Samantabhadra, permitted by the doorkeeper,

11.107

who had been appointed to the park, arrived; having bowed to the king's lotus feet, / placing his folded lotus hands upon his head, spoke with delight:

11.108

"Formerly, after hearing the statement of the astrologer Sumati, / Your Majesty appointed me to the post of keeper of the Kusumākara park.

11.109

And though so much time has passed as I constantly observed it at the three junctures of the day, / nothing indicated by the astrologer was seen.

11.110

Today, however, at dawn, as I was looking here and there in the sky / within the park at the clusters of flowering branches,

11.111

in one quarter, in a dense thicket of trees adorned with winding creepers, / a flock of birds was startled and a flock of geese frightened away;

11.112

and an astonishing, loud crash was heard, / deafening the ear-cavities of nearby living beings and echoing across the quarters.

11.113

And upon hearing that noise, with eyes wide open in amazement, / I looked in that direction and thought: 'Ah! What could this be?'

11.114

'From whom has this noise arisen here in the forest bower?' / Thinking thus, I walked in that direction out of curiosity.

11.115

And then she was seen, lying on the surface of the ground near a bakula tree, / her eyes closed in a swoon, surpassing the beauty of divine maidens,

11.116

beautiful with the budding of fresh youth, all her limbs captivating, / an excellent maiden, O best of men, like Lakṣmī fallen from her lotus!

11.117

Surely, as this young woman fell from the sky onto the ground, / this loud crash arose all at once.

11.118

'How, I wonder, has such a state, lamentable to wise men, befallen even such a jewel of a maiden? / Fie upon the strange sport of fate!'—

11.119

Thinking thus, I sprinkled her with drops of cool water / and, by fanning her with a gentle breeze, she was then brought back to consciousness.

11.120

Looking in all directions with trembling pupils, like a doe separated from her herd, / she was addressed by me very gently: 'Why are you afraid, slender-limbed lady?

11.121

Do not fear in the least, good lady! I am no different from a father. / Who are you, or whence have you fallen here? Tell me!

11.122

Are you a heavenly maiden fallen from heaven, stricken by a curse, / or are you, slender-limbed lady, the daughter of a Vidyādhara, stripped of your magical sciences?

11.123

Or did you slip from the grasp of some Vidyādhara flying through the sky, / whose mind was intent on abducting you upon seeing your beauty?

11.124

Tell me this, slender-limbed lady, for this is a great wonder to me: / how did you, unsupported, fall from the sky into this park?'

11.125

Addressed thus, O lord of the earth, without giving me an answer, / she began to shed tears that indicated great distress.

11.126

Then, seeing her in such a state, this was considered by me: / 'This is the very thing that was spoken of earlier by Sumati:

11.127

"When a maiden falls from the sky into the Kusumākara park, / immediately thereafter indeed there will be a reunion with your son."

11.128

Therefore, what is the use of questioning her here? Meanwhile, / having gone, I shall report this whole matter to the king exactly as it occurred.'

11.129

Thinking thus, having consoled her with very sweet words, / she was brought to my own house and entrusted to my wife.

11.130

And having engaged all my attendants in the task of massaging her body and the like, / I have come into Your Majesty's presence."

11.131

Having heard the matter explained thus by Samantabhadra, / the king, with an astonished heart, then began to speak:

11.132

"Ah! Behold, that statement of the astrologer Sumati was truly not false! / Therefore, the sight of my son is near at hand now!

11.133

So, O Samantabhadra, quickly bring that maiden here, / through whose power I am to behold my son!"

11.134

Immediately upon these words, Samantabhadra went and brought / that maiden, who surpassed the beauty and charm of divine maidens.

11.135

Beholding the beauty of her body, the king thought: "Ah, / her very appearance indicates birth in a noble family!"

11.136

Seated on a suitable seat, that maiden, whose face was pale from the torment of deep inner sorrow, / was addressed by King Amaraketu:

11.137

"Child! Cast off your grief, abandon fear of me, who am no different from a father! / Let this be told to me: in what city were you born?

11.138

Whose daughter are you, how did you come here, and how did you / fall from the sky into my park? Tell me this in detail!"

11.139

Then, being spoken to in this way, overwhelmed by deep sorrow and trembling with distress, / letting out a long sigh, she gave no reply at all.

11.140

Then, questioned again by the king, she somehow spoke:
“Father, I am unable to tell the tale of my many sorrows.

11.141

Even so, a father’s command must not be broken; therefore I tell it.
In Jambūdvīpa, in Bharata, in a city named Kusāgrapura,

11.142

there is a well-known city; and there, Naravāhana is king.
His queen is Ratnavatī, and I am her daughter, father!

11.143

My name is Surasundarī. Formerly, through the maturation of evil deeds,
I was abducted by someone like a mortal enemy, who had taken the form of a piśāca.”

11.144

Having said only this, overcome by the heavy tears produced by her grief,
shedding thick tears, she began to weep silently.

11.145

Meanwhile, the queen Kamalāvatī, who sat on half the king’s seat,
took that weeping girl into her own lap.

11.146

She said: “Child! Do not weep; this is no foreign island, O fair-limbed one!
For this is Hastināpura, and this is King Amaraketu.

11.147

And I too am Kamalāvatī; your father is my brother.
Child! We too have heard of you before, though only by name.

11.148

People coming from the city of Kusāgrapura on various pieces of business,
all of them, O Surasundarī, used to recount to me your host of virtues:

11.149

‘She is endowed with such beauty, so deeply affectionate toward her parents,
so skilled in the arts, so endowed with courtesy and compassion!’

11.150

Therefore do not grieve; this too is your own father’s home.
Stay with an easy mind, playing with diverse games.”

11.151

Having consoled her with words of this kind,
and wiped her face whose cheeks were washed with tears with her own upper garment,

11.152

and offered her water to wash her face, the queen brought her to her own palace;
there too, agitated in mind, she remained tormented by heavy grief.

11.153

She sighs deeply; at one moment she sheds thick tears;
at one moment she faints, and at another she recovers herself.

11.154

At one moment she laments; she smiles; at one moment she weeps; she becomes silent;
her heart distressed by the weight of heavy worry, she wastes away day by day.

11.155

Then, seeing her devoid of joy, Kamalāvatī reflected:
“Her retinue is entirely obedient to her commands;

11.156

and the princesses of equal age, full of affection,
divert her day by day with various playful acts.

11.157

Even so, she finds no delight; she dries up day by day with worry.
So I wonder: what is the worry on account of which she wastes away?

11.158

If she is remembering her mother and father, why does she not tell me?
Nor do the symptoms in her resemble the disturbances of love.

11.159

Yet, seeing how she seeks solitude, how she abandons ornaments,
and how she listens attentively to tales that center on meeting a beloved,

11.160

I think the seizure of love disports itself in behaviors of this kind.
So that she may disclose her true state to me as it really is,

11.161

some means will surely be found to bring it about;
and even if questioned by me, she will not speak as it really is.

11.162

Love is contrary by nature: when spoken of, it does not become evident;
yet even when concealed by clever people, it is known through outward signs.

11.163

Even so, alas, by some means I shall discover her inner feeling!”
Having reflected thus, she summoned her maid named Haṃsikā:

11.164

“Haṃsikā! Somehow discover the cause of Surasundarī’s distress.
Being of the same age as you, she will disclose the true feeling of her heart.”

11.165

“As my mistress commands!” Having said this, Haṃsikā went quickly,
and approached the side of Surasundarī, who was sitting in solitude.

11.166

Having inspired confidence by various utterances and intimate tales
that indicated sincere affection, she said to Surasundarī:

11.167

“Surasundarī! I have a curiosity to hear your story:
How, by whom, and for what reason were you abducted, and what was experienced?”

11.168

Surasundarī said: “I was asked in this very way by my uncle too,
but because of shame I was not able to speak on that occasion.

11.169

Moreover, my story, when heard, causes distress even to bystanders;
therefore, it causes me heavy distress even to utter it.

11.170

Even so, since you have asked, my friend, with great curiosity,
therefore I shall tell it; listen with a focused mind as it is related.

11.171

There is a city, famous on earth, whose galloping horses are unrestrained and tall,
where the path of the stars is veiled by the dust raised by the sharp hooves of galloping horses;

11.172

where abundant mountain slopes shine with banner-cloths trembling in the winds of the stellar path,
and the circle of the directions is deafened by the deep sound of drums echoing on its slopes;

11.173

where commerce in diamonds is carried on by caravans praised across the circle of the directions,
and which is delightful with handsome merchants who have mastered the art of trade;

11.174

where ear-cavities are blocked by the tinkling of new, resonant anklets of charming maidens,
and which is filled with courtesans expert in inverted sexual union;

11.175

a dwelling of people rich in merit, broad, adorned by thousands of wealthy merchants,
beautified by moats and ramparts that penetrate the vast subterranean world;

11.176

resplendent with triple and quadruple crossroads, filled with hundreds of proud, haughty warriors,
named Kusāgrapura, a city resembling the realm of the gods.

11.177

In that place is a renowned king named Naravāhana,
who has overcome his foes with great valor and exceedingly intense majesty.

11.178

And there was a friend of that king, somehow made in his youth,
the son of Citrabhānu, lord of Kuñjarāvarta on Mount Vaitāḍhya,

11.179

named Bhānuvega; and he, to ensure stability of their affection,
gave him his own sister, named Ratnavatī.

11.180

She became the favorite of his heart, pre-eminent in all the inner apartment.
As he was enjoying sensual pleasure with her, in the course of time,

11.181

I was born as their only daughter. At my birth, my father
held a great festival in the city, surpassing even the birth of a son.

11.182

Reflecting, ‘She has the form of a celestial beauty (surasundarī),’ my father
gave me the name Surasundarī at the proper time.

11.183

Growing up gradually in childhood, I was made to learn
the arts suitable for young women, and in time I became skilled in them:

11.184

namely, in prosody, dance, singing, leaf-cutting, sleight of hand,
the notes of the lute, signs, consonants, grammar, and logic.

11.185

I became discerning, equal in intellect to the preceptor of the gods;
once a single step was gained, I could infer the rest by faculty of comprehension.

11.186

Giving joy to my mother, to my father, and to all the attendants,
I gradually reached early youth.

11.187

Seeing my youth, my father became deeply anxious:
‘Who will be a suitable husband here for my daughter?’

11.188

Then, one day, an astrologer named Sumati arrived there,
and was asked by the king: ‘Good sir! Who will be my daughter’s husband?’”

11.189

And by him it was said: “O best of men! She will become
the most cherished queen, foremost among all in the inner apartment, of a Vidyādhara cakravartin.”

11.190

Having heard his words, my father, with joy in his heart,
having given lavish wealth, sent away the fortune-teller Sumati.

11.191

Then, on another day, attended by various servant girls
and accompanied by my circle of friends, I went to a garden outside the city.

11.192

And there, as I was playing in various ways, in one part of it,
a young Vidyādhara maiden in the bloom of youth was seen.

11.193

Having recited some spell, wishing to fly up, she stretches out her arms;
she leaps into the sky, and repeatedly falls down to the ground.

11.194

Astonished at seeing that, I approached near to her quickly,
and she was asked by me: “O beautiful maiden! Who are you, and why do you do this?”

11.195

By her it was said: “Good lady! Listen: on mount Vaitāḍhya, the best of mountains,
on the southern range, there is an excellent city named Ratnasañcaya.

11.196

There rules an emperor among noble Vidyādharas named Citravega;
and there is a king named Bhānuvega in the city of Kuñjarāvarta.

11.197

And he has two uterine sisters who are extremely dear [to him]:
the first is named Bandhudattā, and the second is indeed named Ratnavatī.

11.198

That Bandhudattā, O fair-limbed one, was married by King Citravega;
I am her daughter, and my name is Priyaṃvadā.

11.199

My father has also another chief queen, named Kanakamālā;
and she has a son named Makaraketu.

11.200

He is exceedingly dear to me; I cannot bear separation from him even for a twinkling of an eye.
Now, however, magical spells were given to him by father.

First 200 of 251 passages. Read on

Linked texts (1)