The Story of Surasundarī 6

English (machine translation) 6

Language: English

6.1

Meanwhile, the sun, having wandered across the entire sphere of the sky, / reached the western ocean, as if fatigued from the road to bathe.

6.2

And it was said by Cittagaï: "Unrecognised, let us enter right here / into the shrine of Madana, now, for the purpose of the matter at hand."

6.3

And then it was said by me, "Let it be so." Both of us arose, / having gathered several flowers there in the garden.

6.4

Entering into the temple of Madana and worshipping Madana, this was spoken: / "O Blessed One! By your favor, may our desired object be accomplished!"

6.5

Having spoken thus, both of them then hid behind Anaṅga. / When only a watch of the night had passed, or a little more,

6.6

Surrounded by many attendants, being sung to with hundreds of excellent auspicious songs, / and with various kinds of musical instruments sounding in diverse ways,

6.7

Accompanied by her female companions, mounted on an excellent palanquin, / having auspicious rites performed, her body adorned with white ornaments,

6.8

Her limbs covered with white garments, having tied a wreath of fragrant flowers, / Kanakamālā then arrived at the door of the shrine of Kāma.

6.9

She stepped down from the palanquin, taking the articles of worship, / and then kept all her retinue at the doorway.

6.10

Alone she entered to worship the image of Makaradhvaja. / Having entered, the door of the shrine was bolted by that maiden.

6.11

Having worshipped Kāma, she then fell down at his feet; / having sighed deeply, having eyes with flowing thick tears,

6.12

With a low voice, reproachfully, haltingly, she said: / "O Blessed One, though gods and men are conquered by you, why do you strike women?

6.13

If, O Blessed One, intense passion for that person was produced in me, / then why, abandoning him, do you unite me with another person?

6.14

Moreover, only five arrows of yours are renowned here in the world; / but in relation to me, you have become as if having a thousand arrows.

6.15

If you strike me, strike—who stops you, O Blessed One? / Only strike me in such a way that I go to the house of Yama!

6.16

By you, however, I was struck in such a way that I am neither dead nor living; / so what shall I say now, having come to you for refuge?

6.17

Just as for one burned by fire, that very [fire] is the remedy for mankind, / so, my body afflicted by you, I have taken refuge in you.

6.18

If you are pleased with me, grant a boon requested by me: / may such mockery not happen to me even in another birth!

6.19

This birth of mine has passed in vain in hopes of my beloved person; / grant that very lover to me, O Blessed One, even in another birth!"

6.20

O Supratiṣṭha, having spoken thus, then by Kanakamālā, / whose breasts were moistened by a flowing stream of thick tears,

6.21

On the delightful arch fashioned of diverse gems, with spreading clear rays, / placed at the door of the inner sanctuary,

6.22

A noose was tied with her upper garment. Then she spoke again: / "Here I die now, O Kusumāyudha, before you!

6.23

Let no one say of Kanakamālā, 'She did an improper act,' / by whom this much time was dragged out in hope.

6.24

Now, however, it is truly not possible to break my own vow; / leaving aside that beloved of my heart, no other shall touch my hand.

6.25

Moreover, O deities! You never speak a lie; / yet that became otherwise through the demerits of me, a wretched woman.

6.26

Or else, through some deceit, I was deceived then by one in the form of a piśāca, / or by some Khecara, a devotee of Nabhasvāhana.

6.27

Therefore, now, let there be no obstacle to my desired goal; / O Blessed One! By your favor, may death succeed without hindrance!

6.28

For me, wretched, whose mind is shattered by the heavy mallet of separation from my beloved, / does my heart even today doubt whether death will occur or not?

6.29

The quelling of the pain of separation from a beloved—even death—is attained by great merits; / if that should happen now, then I would have accomplished my goal."

6.30

Having spoken thus, she threw herself face downward at once; / having gone swiftly, her noose was then cut by me.

6.31

Taking her in my lap, she was then addressed softly by me: / "O lovely-limbed one! The lord of Rati, by whom the lords of gods and asuras are conquered, is pleased with you.

6.32

O lovely-limbed one! By Makaradhvaja, won over by your unequalled daring, / that very person has been brought near to you in this very birth.

6.33

Let an embrace of the neck be made firmly; your person is longing for you." / Having been addressed thus, the maiden became downcast through shame.

6.34

And then Cittagaï also arrived at that very place; / then it was said by me, "O lovely-limbed one, this is my excellent friend!

6.35

In separation from you, O fair one, when I was intent on self-destruction, / I was restrained by this steadfast one, endowed with causeless affection.

6.36

This means of obtaining you was told to me by this very one; / with this one as our helper, our desired object will be accomplished.

6.37

Therefore, abandoning fear, natural and easily felt by maidens, O lovely-limbed one, / quickly hand over all your own dress to him,

6.38

So that this steadfast one, intent on another’s affair, having assumed your form, / may go outside, O lovely-limbed one, to deceive your retinue."

6.39

And having been addressed thus by me, with a joyful heart she did all that; / then both of them hid once again behind Madana.

6.40

And Cittagaï, having put on all her dress, / opened the door and quickly mounted the palanquin.

6.41

Then, when those people were gone and knowing that building to be noiseless, / she was addressed by me: "Fair one, what is to be done now?"

6.42

With downcast face, her limbs trembling with agitation,
she somehow managed to speak in a stammering, indistinct voice:

6.43

"Tormented by intense separation, dearest one, I have reached you by destiny's power.
Do yourself whatever is fitting; I have come to you for refuge."

6.44

When she had spoken thus, in accordance with the Gāndharva rite
I married that maiden, making the god of love my witness.

6.45

Then, having gradually dispelled her agitation with diverse words,
after making love for a moment, I fell asleep embracing her.

6.46

And when slumber departed, I said: "O fair-bodied one, let us go now.
Having done such a thing, it is not proper to remain here."

6.47

Then, having sighed deeply, she, beloved to my heart, said:
"Alas, noble lord! It would have been proper for death to have come to me in due course.

6.48

For my sake, lord, you will now incur great disaster;
for Nahavāhana is fierce and arrogant with the power of his magic spells.

6.49

Even as we flee, O lord, no refuge whatever exists for us;
thus in truth I have become the embodiment of an enemy to you.

6.50

Tormented by separation from you, my lord, I did not feel such pain
as has arisen now, O master, at the thought of misfortune befalling you!

6.51

Though found somehow, O lord, because of my misfortune you will not be mine now;
or rather, for those devoid of merit, even what is attained suddenly slips away."

6.52

O Supratiṣṭha, having spoken thus and clinging to my neck,
overwhelmed with intense sorrow, the maiden then wept.

6.53

Then I said: "Fair one, why do you bear grief unbefitting you?
What was to be attained has been attained; now come what may!

6.54

If death were to come to those deprived of union with you, then that would be sorrow;
but now, fair one, even in death there is no sorrow for us.

6.55

Moreover, just as this union with you has taken place, unthought of though it was,
may other good fortune also happen in that very manner, may it never [be otherwise]!

6.56

Let an effort be made; if it proves fruitless, let it be—what harm is there?
For those fallen from a couch, the ground remains just as it was.

6.57

Seeing that Vidyādhara Nahavāhana, O fair one, I did this;
whatever is fitting for me, let it be seen through destiny.

6.58

Death has indeed been accepted; even so, let us flee from that Vidyādhara.
For those resolved to chew water, may even a bit of molasses not come by some means?

6.59

Therefore, O fair-bodied one, cast off grief; let us go meanwhile to Ratnasañcaya,
and later we shall act according to the occasion, as circumstance dictates."

6.60

Then, having bowed to the lord of pleasure, I set out together with her;
then, clinging to her neck, I flew up into the aerial path.

6.61

As if to behold such conduct of men deluded by the darkness of passion,
the sun then suddenly arose, putting the darkness to flight from afar.

6.62

Then she said: "Lord, I am intensely thirsty;
my throat is parched. How far is our city even now?"

6.63

"The city is still far away, fair one; let us descend into this forest bower,
for there will be water here"—when this was spoken by me,

6.64

then both of us descended into a delightful forest;
and there a cascade full of cool water was seen.

6.65

Having drunk water, she sat down in the shade of a leafy tree;
and I too, having attended to the needs of the body, came to that very spot.

6.66

O Supratiṣṭha, while I was resting there thus for a moment,
just then a voice was heard in a pleasure pavilion nearby:

6.67

"Fair one, your body has regained health; let us now go to our own place."
Hearing this voice, this doubt arose in me:

6.68

"Surely this is the voice of Citragati, and can belong to no other;
or else, what possibility is there of his being in this forest bower?"

6.69

While I was pondering thus, from that bower, a house of plantain trees,
Citragati suddenly emerged, accompanied by a young woman.

6.70

Then, going forward, I embraced him with affection and joy,
and he did me as well; then both of us sat down right there.

6.71

Then I asked him: "Having come out from the house of love,
what did you do, friend? How was the retinue beguiled?

6.72

How did you escape, and who is this woman of charming appearance?
Where was she found? Relate all this to me!"

6.73

Citragati then said: "Listen with single mind, O Citravega!
Having assumed the form of Kanakamālā, I then set forth.

6.74

Mounted on a palanquin, I arrived in due course near the bridegroom,
amidst an abundance of diverse noble auspicious songs sung by hosts of Vidyādharas.

6.75

When the auspicious moment arrived, my hand was joyfully taken
by Nahavāhana, and then the wedding proceeded in due order.

6.76

Before Nahavāhana, a dance radiant with diverse gesticulations
was begun by courtesans, accompanied by excellent singing.

6.77

In the meantime, a young woman approached and, trembling with agitation,
showed her palm bearing a jewelled signet-ring to me.

6.78

Seeing that, I thought: 'This is my ring,
which was taken by that maiden who was freed from danger from the elephant.

6.79

Pushing back my very heavy veil a little, I then
looked upon her, and she was suddenly recognized:

6.80

'This is that beloved of mine who was then freed from danger from the elephant;
how has she, through the dispensation of fate, become a bridesmaid?'

6.81

[I thought:] 'Behold, how has the sight of me occurred so suddenly, difficult as it was?
Or rather, when fate is favorable, what is it that it does not accomplish?'

6.82

Having reflected thus, I showed my own hand to her,
bearing the ring formerly given by her.

6.83

Being near her ear, she conveyed this to a nearby female companion:
'Due to lack of sleep, Kanakamālā's head reportedly aches.

6.84

Therefore, she is going to sleep for a moment in the Aśoka grove;
you all remain here and stay just as you please.

6.85

When the spectacle resumes, however, let us be informed promptly.'
Having spoken thus, O Citravega, she made me rise.

6.86

Then, together with her, [I went] to the delightful Aśoka grove,
which was the crest-jewel of the excellent house-garden,

6.87

pleasant with the fragrance of floral nectar from blooming, sweet-scented clusters of blossoms;
and I sat down on a seat offered joyfully by her, and she too [sat] before me.

6.88

Then, filled with agitation, when she was unable to utter anything,
then my entire story, O Citravega,

6.89

which was previously told to you, was related in brief to her also,
as far as [the point that] I came here in the form of a woman."

6.90

"O lovely one! In separation from you I suffered severe mental torment, / and for your sake I wandered through all the cities of the sky-goers.

6.91

Therefore, cast off shame and tell: what is your name, / in which family were you born, and what is your father's name?

6.92

How did you arrive here in the city, in the midst of many people? / And how, o fair-formed one, did you recognise me even though I had the form of a woman?"

6.93

When I had addressed her thus, the maiden somehow cast off her fright / and, her words stammering slightly, began to speak thus:

6.94

"Listen, darling of my heart! I shall tell everything that you have asked. / To begin with, the city Suranandana is well known to you.

6.95

There lived a renowned sky-goer king named Prabhañjana, / and he had an excellent minister, exceedingly skilled in the treatises of statecraft.

6.96

Deeply devoted to his lord, endowed with the fourfold intellect, / he was the king's repository of trust; formerly his name was Meghanāda.

6.97

He had an excellent wife, devoted to her husband, endowed with beauty and wealth, / born of a noble family, named Indumatī.

6.98

As Meghanāda enjoyed the pleasures of the senses with her, / a handsome son was born, named Aśanivega.

6.99

Trained in the multitude of arts, having mastered the magical spells, an abode of virtues, / bringing joy to his parents, he gradually attained youth.

6.100

Now, on the southern row [of Vaitāḍhya], in this very city of Kuñjarāvarta, / there was an eminent sky-goer named Candragati.

6.101

He had a beloved wife named Madanarekhā; / in time, a son named Amitagati was born to them.

6.102

After him was born a daughter, Campakamālā, fair as a campaka flower, / and she attained youth, captivating the minds of Vidyādhara youths.

6.103

Then that Campakamālā was chosen in the city Suranandana / for the minister's son Aśanivega, and he respectfully married her.

6.104

She was brought to his own city, and with that large-eyed woman, / filled with supreme affection, he enjoyed human pleasures.

6.105

Then one day, having bestowed the office of minister on Aśanivega, / his own son, that noble-minded man, his heart grown detached from existence,

6.106

along with King Prabhañjana, filled with intense spiritual urgency, / that Meghanāda went forth as an ascetic at the feet of a good guru.

6.107

The sky-goer Aśanivega, too, along with Campakamālā, the darling of his heart, / experienced the fruit of householder life, the happiness of sensual pleasures.

6.108

Then in due course five sons were born to Campakamālā. / Listen in order, my dearest, to their names:

6.109

Vajragati, Vāyugati, Candra, then Candana, and Susiṃha; / and after the five sons, I was born as a daughter.

6.110

On my birthday, my father, out of great affection, / joyfully caused a festival to be held, greater even than the feast for a son's birth.

6.111

When the twelfth day arrived, the name Priyaṅgumañjarī was given to me; / growing in time with the development of my body,

6.112

delighting my parents, cherished by a group of nurses, / bringing joy to the eyes of my attendants, I reached girlhood.

6.113

All the arts suitable for young women, such as dancing, / were acquired in turn; then I reached first youth.

6.114

Accompanied by affectionate female companions, I sported there in various amusements: / fine paintings, cloths, embroidery, dancing, celestial music, and the vīṇā.

6.115

And there, my dearest, I became by nature averse to men; / yet many suitors from among eminent sky-goers came there for me.

6.116

My father told me of their fine beauty, arts, and wealth; / but no desire arose in me anywhere, and so he turned them away.

6.117

Whatever suitor came, as long as I did not desire him, / so long my father Aśanivega was plunged into grief.

6.118

Seeing him sorrowful, Campakamālā spoke to her beloved: / 'My lord, why do you appear so grieved and deeply anxious?'

6.119

Then he said: 'Our daughter has now attained youth, / yet she does not desire any groom, o lovely one! This is a grave anxiety.

6.120

A daughter who has reached youth, living without a husband in her father's house, / might do some deed by which the family incurs disgrace.

6.121

Alas! Who could be a groom agreeable to our daughter's mind? / Out of this worry, o lovely one, sleep does not come to me even when lying down at night.'

6.122

Hearing these words, then my mother Campakamālā too / became deeply overwhelmed with grief on my account, o handsome one!

6.123

On another day, at dawn, a dear friend named Dhāriṇī, / the daughter of Sūryābhā, came to my side.

6.124

She said: 'Why today, dear friend, do you appear as if robbed, sold, or weeping, / absent-minded, with a pale face and full of grief?

6.125

Though I arrived long ago, dear friend, why have you not spoken to me? / So tell me the cause of this grief that has arisen in you.'

6.126

When addressed thus by my dear friend, I replied then: / 'You have observed well, Dhāriṇī! Listen to the account.

6.127

Having sported with you, dear friend, in various amusements, / I returned to my own home in the evening.

6.128

Then, on the upper terrace, on a couch made of various jewels, gemstones, and gold, / I fell asleep upon an excellent mattress of swan's down.

6.129

Then, at midnight, hearing the sound of drums, I awoke; / I looked at the path of the sky crowded with divine celestial cars.

6.130

Seeing the host of gods illuminating the celestial sphere there, / accompanied by crowds of heavenly nymphs, such a thought arose in me:

6.131

"Where, I wonder, have such divine celestial cars been seen before? / And where were such gods and goddesses seen?"

6.132

Reflecting thus, dear friend, I fell into a faint; / then, when the swoon passed, recollection of previous births arose in me.

6.133

I remembered two previous births, connected with humans and gods. / Listen, Dhāriṇī, as I tell all of it just as it was:

6.134

In the continent of Jambūdvīpa, on the northern side of Mount Meru, / there is the excellent realm Airāvata, renowned throughout the three worlds.

6.135

And in its middle region, the Aryan realm, there was an excellent city, / resembling the city of the immortals, inaccessible to hostile kings,

6.136

an abode of the fortune of the three worlds, served by thousands of wealthy merchants, vast, / established forever, and by name too Supratiṣṭha.

6.137

[There lived a man] who mocked the wealth of Kubera, devoted to helping all people, / devoted to worshipping the gods and gurus, and showing tender affection to his kinsmen.

6.138

Endowed with courtesy and compassion, the foremost among the entire community of merchants, / a wealthy man named Haridatta then lived there.

6.139

Surpassing Rati in beauty, virtuous, sweet-spoken, skilled, / dear to his life, full of modesty (vinayavatī), Vinayavatī was his wife.

6.140

While he was enjoying the five kinds of sense-pleasures together with her, / a noble and renowned son named Vasudatta was born.

6.141

Then, in due course, three daughters were born to Vinayavatī, / endowed with a splendour of beauty that surpassed the goddesses of the lord of the gods.

6.142

The eldest was Sulocanā, the second maiden was named Anaṅgavatī, / and the third was named Vasumatī, a marvel to the three worlds.

6.143

Growing up gradually, captivating, driving young men to frenzy, / all three then reached the threshold of fresh youth.

6.144

That maiden Sulocanā was married in the city of Mehalāvatī / to a merchant named Subandhu, the son of Sāgaradatta.

6.145

In the city of Vijayavatī, the maiden Anaṅgavatī was wed / to the son of the caravan-leader Dhanabhūti, named Dhanavāhana.

6.146

And that maiden Vasumatī was also married in the city of Mehalāvatī / to Dhanapati, the son of Samudradatta.

6.147

Then that merchant Dhanapati, skilled in the arts, an equal to Anaṅga, / enjoyed human pleasures together with Vasumatī.

6.148

Their love ever increasing, their hearts mutually devoted, / in their fresh youth, relishing the delightful pleasure of the senses,

6.149

devoted to respect for their elders, free from the sorrow of mutual separation, / their days passed, bringing joy to the circle of their kinsmen.

6.150

Now, once upon a time, asleep on the terrace of the noble palace, / the merchant Dhanapati was resting, joined with his beloved Vasumatī.

6.151

In the last watch of the night, illuminated by the spotless moonbeams, / at the end of her slumber, the innocent, noble Vasumatī awoke.

6.152

Seeing another man asleep in her own bed, struck with fear, / she suddenly trembled like a slender vine struck by the wind.

6.153

The fawn-eyed woman thought: "Where has my own lord gone? / How has this man entered into a house so difficult of entry?

6.154

Or could that beloved of my heart have been slain by this villain? / Or does that very beloved appear as someone else through an illusion?

6.155

Or else he is certainly not my beloved; of this there is no doubt. / This seems to be some strange man, imitating a divine form.

6.156

Since, having entered another's house, he sleeps so confidently, / surely there must be some reason for this here.

6.157

Whether he is another man or my beloved, even so, it is now proper for me / to inform my mother-in-law quickly of the matter just as it is.

6.158

If, however, I do not somehow tell this circumstance to my mother-in-law, / then a stain difficult to endure will cling to me for my whole life."

6.159

Thinking thus, the young woman descended from the palace / and came into the presence of her mother-in-law, Sudarśanā.

6.160

She gently woke her, and [the mother-in-law] said: "Daughter-in-law, what is the reason for your coming?" / Thereupon Vasumatī reported everything exactly as it had occurred.

6.161

Sudarśanā said: "There is no possibility of another person here; / this delusion of yours must have arisen under the influence of sleep."

6.162

Vasumatī said: "Mother, examine it yourself!" / Addressed thus by her, Sudarśanā went there swiftly.

6.163

That man asleep there in slumber was carefully examined; / Sudarśanā recognised that he was not her son.

6.164

Thereupon Sudarśanā screamed in a loud voice: / "Run, run, people! Some strange man

6.165

has entered into our house, surely having become a paramour or a thief!" / Hearing the commotion raised in this way by Sudarśanā,

6.166

"Hey! Seize him, seize him, run! Where did he go? Where is he hiding?" / shouting such things, all the attendants rose up.

6.167

And a crowd of people gathered, saying, "What is this? What is this?" / The merchant Samudradatta said: "Beloved, by whom have you been robbed?"

6.168

He too, having arisen from the bed upon hearing the uproar, / said: "Mother, by whom have you been robbed, that you cry out like this?

6.169

No evil-minded person is seen here; why, mother, are you distressed?" / Addressed thus by him, Sudarśanā spoke in this manner:

6.170

"Who are you? Whose son are you? Why have you come to my house, villain? / Ah, impudent one! Why do you address me as 'mother'?

6.171

Why have you slept here upon my son's bed, shameless one? / Where have you put my son named Dhanapati, wretched wretch?"

6.172

Hearing her harsh words, astonished in his heart, / that man then looked at his own body again and again.

6.173

Having looked at his own body for a long time, while his face darkened, / intending to fly up, he then suddenly looked at the sky.

6.174

Muttering indistinctly, "buḍa buḍa", as if calling upon a noble spell, / he leaped repeatedly on the surface of the ground like a frog.

6.175

In a moment he became wretched, like a young Vidyādhara whose noble spell is lost; / with his body violently trembling, he became as if bewildered and struck down.

6.176

Now, seeing that man in such a state, Sudarśanā said: / "O villain! Why do you not tell where you have put my son?"

6.177

While he, with his face turned downwards, remained silent and did not speak, / the crowd of people then began to say various things:

6.178

"He came into the house of the wealthy man to steal, greedy for wealth." / Others said: "If he were a thief, why would he sleep on the bed?"

6.179

"Then he came for the sake of Vasumatī, an adulterer." / Others said: "If he were a paramour, why does he say 'mother'?

6.180

So, we think that he is indeed Dhanapati, turned into another form / by some god or demon for the sake of sport, beloved!"

6.181

Others said: "An evil-minded ghost, or like a piśāca, has come here / in such a form for the sake of deceiving us."

6.182

"O good people, this is not so!" others said, "Rather, listen: / a god has come to test Vasumatī's virtue!"

6.183

While the people were discussing many such conjectures among themselves, / meanwhile, dear friend Dhāriṇī, hear what happened there!

6.184

Resplendent with armlets, necklaces, and bracelets, charming of body, / a god of radiant splendour suddenly appeared there.

6.185

That god said: "Listen to his story, good people! / Not knowing the ultimate truth, why do you make many kinds of conjectures?

6.186

This evil-doer was indeed a sky-goer named Sumaṅgala; / he had mastered many kinds of magical spells, renowned in the city of the Vidyādharas.

6.187

Then one day, as he wandered about towns of his liking, / this youth, maddened with desire, arrived here in this city.

6.188

He stood in the sky and saw this Vasumatī, / who had gone up to the terrace after bathing, and gazed at her for a long time.

6.189

When he saw her beauty, his mind was deeply perturbed; / assuming the form of Dhanapati, he descended into the house here.

6.190

Not knowing the truth, Vasumatī was enjoyed by him; / and with his mind delighting in sexual pleasure, that great sinner thought:

6.191

"Remaining in the form of Dhanapati, unknown to everyone here, / I shall enjoy the pleasures of love along with this fair-bodied woman.

6.192

What do I need with Vidyādhara women, or what need have I of other maidens, / now that I have obtained this lady, a treasure of beauty and charm?"

6.193

Reflecting thus, he abducted Dhanapati, / carried him off to the land of Bharata, and abandoned him in the city of Vinītā.

6.194

Concealing his own form and assuming the appearance of Dhanapati by magic, / he has remained here, addicted to love with Vasumatī.

6.195

Now that merchant Dhanapati, that excellent man, having reached the city of Vinītā, / looked upon the unfamiliar city and thought with an astonished heart:

6.196

"What noble city is this? Where indeed is the city of Mekhalāvatī? / Who has abducted me, or am I seeing this in a dream?"

6.197

While he wandered outside the city reflecting in this manner, / he saw an omniscient one who had arrived in an excellent garden,

6.198

born in the lineage of the illustrious Jina Ṛṣabhanātha, renowned in the three worlds, / a royal sage named Daṇḍavirata, surrounded by a host of monks.

6.199

Filled with joy upon seeing him, he circumambulated him three times, / bowed at the feet of the omniscient one, and sat down in a suitable place.

6.200

Recognizing an opportune moment, he bowed and inquired: / "Blessed one, by whom was I abducted? What region is this?

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Linked texts (1)

Surasuṃdarīcariya — Dhaneśvara, Māhārāṣṭrī Prakrit