The Great Epic of the Bhārata dynasty 12.63.28
Mahābhārata 12.63.28
- Language
- Sanskrit
12.63.28
majjettrayī daṇḍanītau hatāyāṃ sarve dharmā na bhaveyurviruddhāḥ |
sarve dharmāścāśramāṇāṃ gatāḥ syuḥ kṣātre tyakte rājadharme purāṇe || 28 ||
Inasmuch, however, as they can adopt it if they choose, this mode of life, therefore, is open to the four orders. Amongst men, the highest duties are those which are practised by Kshatriyas. The whole world is subject to the might of their arms. All the duties, principal and subordinate, of the three other orders, are dependent (for their observance) upon the duties of the Kshatriya. The Vedas have declared this. Know that as the footprints of all other animals are engulfed in those of the elephant, even so all the duties of the other orders, under every circumstance, are engulfed, in those of the Kshatriya. Men conversant with the scriptures say that the duties of the other three orders afford small relief or protection, and produce small rewards. The learned have said that the duties of the Kshatriya afford great relief and produce great rewards. All duties have kingly duties for their foremost. All the orders are protected by them. Every kind of renunciation occurs in kingly duties, O monarch, and renunciation has been said to be in eternal virtue and the foremost of all. If the science of chastisement disappears, the Vedas will disappear. All those scriptures also that inculcate the duties of men become lost. Indeed, if these ancient duties belonging to the Kshatriyas be abandoned, all the duties in respect of all the modes of life, become lost. All kinds of renunciation are seen in kingly duties: all kinds or initiation occur in them;
Translations (1)
- The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa — Kisari Mohan Ganguli 1883, English
Commentaries (5)
- Jñānadīpikā — Devabodha, Sanskrit
- Bhāratabhāvadīpa — Nīlakaṇṭha Caturdhara, Sanskrit
- Lakṣaślokālaṅkāra — Vādirāja, Sanskrit
- Mahābhārataṭīkā — Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita, Sanskrit
- Lakṣābharaṇa — Vādirāja Sūri, Sanskrit
Other recensions (2)
- Southern recension — Sanskrit
- Vulgate (Nīlakaṇṭha's text) — Sanskrit
Linked texts (3)
- Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times — K. P. Jayaswal, English
- Hindu Law and Custom (Recht und Sitte) — Julius Jolly & Batakrishna Ghosh, English
- A History of Hindu Political Theories from the Earliest Times to the End of the First Quarter of the Seventeenth Century A.D. — U. N. Ghoshal, English