The Great Epic of the Bhārata dynasty 6.31: ekatriṃśo'dhyāyaḥ
Mahābhārata 6.31
- Language
- Sanskrit
ekatriṃśo'dhyāyaḥ
6.31.1
śrībhagavānuvāca |
idaṃ tu te guhyatamaṃ pravakṣyāmyanasūyave |
jñānaṃ vijñānasahitaṃ yajjñātvā mokṣyase'śubhāt || 1 ||
The Blessed Lord said:
To thee, who dost not carp, verily shall I now declare this, the most profound knowledge, united with realisation, having known which, thou shalt be free from evil (Samsâra).
6.31.2
rājavidyā rājaguhyaṃ pavitramidamuttamam |
pratyakṣāvagamaṃ dharmyaṃ susukhaṃ kartumavyayam || 2 ||
Of sciences, the highest; of profundities, the deepest; of purifiers, the supreme, is this; realisable by direct perception, endowed with (immense) merit, very easy to perform, and of an imperishable nature.
6.31.3
aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā dharmasyāsya paraṃtapa |
aprāpya māṃ nivartante mṛtyusaṃsāravartmani || 3 ||
Persons without Shraddhâ for this Dharma, return, O scorcher of foes, without attaining Me, to the path of re-birth fraught with death.
6.31.4
mayā tatamidaṃ sarvaṃ jagadavyaktamūrtinā |
matsthāni sarvabhūtāni na cāhaṃ teṣvavasthitaḥ || 4 ||
All this world is pervaded by me in My unmanifested form: all beings exist in Me, but I do not dwell in them.
6.31.5
na ca matsthāni bhūtāni paśya me yogamaiśvaram |
bhūtabhṛnna ca bhūtastho mamātmā bhūtabhāvanaḥ || 5 ||
Nor do beings exist in Me (in reality), behold My Divine Yoga! Bringing forth and supporting the beings, My Self does not dwell in them.
6.31.6
yathākāśasthito nityaṃ vāyuḥ sarvatrago mahān |
tathā sarvāṇi bhūtāni matsthānītyupadhāraya || 6 ||
As the mighty wind, moving always everywhere, rests ever in the Akâsha, know thou, that even so do all beings rest in Me.
6.31.7
sarvabhūtāni kaunteya prakṛtiṃ yānti māmikām |
kalpakṣaye punastāni kalpādau visṛjāmyaham || 7 ||
At the end of a Kalpa, O son of Kunti, all beings go back to My Prakriti: at the beginning of (another) Kalpa, I send them forth again.
6.31.8
prakṛtiṃ svāmavaṣṭabhya visṛjāmi punaḥ punaḥ |
bhūtagrāmamimaṃ kṛtsnamavaśaṃ prakṛtervaśāt || 8 ||
Animating My Prakriti, I project again and again this whole multitude of beings, helpless under the sway of Prakriti.
6.31.9
na ca māṃ tāni karmāṇi nibadhnanti dhanaṃjaya |
udāsīnavadāsīnamasaktaṃ teṣu karmasu || 9 ||
These acts do not bind Me, sitting as one neutral, unattached to them, O Dhananjaya.
6.31.10
mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sacarācaram |
hetunānena kaunteya jagadviparivartate || 10 ||
By reason of My proximity, Prakriti produces all this, the moving and the unmoving; the world wheels round and round, O son of Kunti, because of this.
6.31.11
avajānanti māṃ mūḍhā mānuṣīṃ tanumāśritam |
paraṃ bhāvamajānanto mama bhūtamaheśvaram || 11 ||
Unaware of My higher state, as the great Lord of beings, fools disregard Me, dwelling in the human form.
6.31.12
moghāśā moghakarmāṇo moghajñānā vicetasaḥ |
rākṣasīmāsurīṃ caiva prakṛtiṃ mohinīṃ śritāḥ || 12 ||
Of vain hopes, of vain works, of vain knowledge, and senseless, they verily are possessed of the delusive nature of Râkshasas and Asuras.
6.31.13
mahātmānastu māṃ pārtha daivīṃ prakṛtimāśritāḥ |
bhajantyananyamanaso jñātvā bhūtādimavyayam || 13 ||
But the great-souled ones, O son of Prithâ, possessed of the Divine Prakriti, knowing Me to be the origin of beings, and immutable, worship Me with a single mind.
6.31.14
satataṃ kīrtayanto māṃ yatantaśca dṛḍhavratāḥ |
namasyantaśca māṃ bhaktyā nityayuktā upāsate || 14 ||
Glorifying Me always and striving with firm resolve, bowing down to Me in devotion, always steadfast, they worship Me.
6.31.15
jñānayajñena cāpyanye yajanto māmupāsate |
ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā viśvatomukham || 15 ||
Others, too, sacrificing by the Yajna of knowledge (i.e., seeing the Self in all), worship Me the All-Formed, as one, as distinct, as manifold.
6.31.16
ahaṃ kraturahaṃ yajñaḥ svadhāhamahamauṣadham |
mantro'hamahamevājyamahamagnirahaṃ hutam || 16 ||
I am the Kratu, I the Yajna, I the Svadhâ, I the Aushadham, I the Mantra, I the Ajyam, I the fire, and I the oblation.
6.31.17
pitāhamasya jagato mātā dhātā pitāmahaḥ |
vedyaṃ pavitramoṃkāra ṛksāma yajureva ca || 17 ||
I am the Father of this world, the Mother, the Sustainer, the Grandfather; the Purifier, the (one) thing to be known, (the syllable) Om, and also the Rik, Sâman and Yajus.
6.31.18
gatirbhartā prabhuḥ sākṣī nivāsaḥ śaraṇaṃ suhṛt |
prabhavaḥ pralayaḥ sthānaṃ nidhānaṃ bījamavyayam || 18 ||
The Goal, the Supporter, the Lord, the Witness, the Abode, the Refuge, the Friend, the Origin, the Dissolution, the Substratum, the Storehouse, the Seed immutable.
6.31.19
tapāmyahamahaṃ varṣaṃ nigṛhṇāmyutsṛjāmi ca |
amṛtaṃ caiva mṛtyuśca sadasaccāhamarjuna || 19 ||
(As sun) I give heat: I withhold and send forth rain; I am immortality and also death; being and non-being am I, O Arjuna!
6.31.20
traividyā māṃ somapāḥ pūtapāpā yajñairiṣṭvā svargatiṃ prārthayante |
te puṇyamāsādya surendralokamaśnanti divyāndivi devabhogān || 20 ||
The knowers of the three Vedas, worshipping Me by Yajna, drinking the Soma, and (thus) being purified from sin, pray for passage to heaven; reaching the holy world of the Lord of the Devas, they enjoy in heaven the divine pleasures of the Devas.
6.31.21
te taṃ bhuktvā svargalokaṃ viśālaṃ kṣīṇe puṇye martyalokaṃ viśanti |
evaṃ trayīdharmamanuprapannā gatāgataṃ kāmakāmā labhante || 21 ||
Having enjoyed the vast Swarga-world, they enter the mortal world, on the exhaustion of their merit: Thus, abiding by the injunctions of the three (Vedas), desiring desires, they (constantly) come and go.
6.31.22
ananyāścintayanto māṃ ye janāḥ paryupāsate |
teṣāṃ nityābhiyuktānāṃ yogakṣemaṃ vahāmyaham || 22 ||
Persons who, meditating on Me as non-separate, worship Me in all beings, to them thus ever jealously engaged, I carry what they lack and preserve what they already have.
6.31.23
ye'pyanyadevatā bhaktā yajante śraddhayānvitāḥ |
te'pi māmeva kaunteya yajantyavidhipūrvakam || 23 ||
Even those devotees, who endued with Shraddhâ, worship other gods, they too worship Me alone, O son of Kunti, (but) by the wrong method.
6.31.24
ahaṃ hi sarvayajñānāṃ bhoktā ca prabhureva ca |
na tu māmabhijānanti tattvenātaścyavanti te || 24 ||
For I alone am the Enjoyer, and Lord of all Yajnas; but because they do not know Me in reality, they return, (to the mortal world).
6.31.25
yānti devavratā devānpitṝnyānti pitṛvratāḥ |
bhūtāni yānti bhūtejyā yānti madyājino'pi mām || 25 ||
Votaries of the Devas go to the Devas; to the Pitris, go their votaries; to the Bhutas, go the Bhuta worshippers; My votaries too come unto Me.
6.31.26
patraṃ puṣpaṃ phalaṃ toyaṃ yo me bhaktyā prayacchati |
tadahaṃ bhaktyupahṛtamaśnāmi prayatātmanaḥ || 26 ||
Whoever with devotion offers Me a leaf, a flower, a fruit, or water, that I accept—the devout gift of the pure-minded.
6.31.27
yatkaroṣi yadaśnāsi yajjuhoṣi dadāsi yat |
yattapasyasi kaunteya tatkuruṣva madarpaṇam || 27 ||
Whatever thou doest, whatever thou eatest, whatever thou offerest in sacrifice, whatever thou givest away, whatever austerity thou practisest, O son of Kunti, do that as an offering unto Me.
6.31.28
śubhāśubhaphalairevaṃ mokṣyase karmabandhanaiḥ |
saṃnyāsayogayuktātmā vimukto māmupaiṣyasi || 28 ||
Thus shalt thou be freed from the bondages of actions, bearing good and evil results: with the heart steadfast in the Yoga of renunciation, and liberated, thou shalt come unto Me.
6.31.29
samo'haṃ sarvabhūteṣu na me dveṣyo'sti na priyaḥ |
ye bhajanti tu māṃ bhaktyā mayi te teṣu cāpyaham || 29 ||
I am the same to all beings: to Me there is none hateful or dear. But those who worship Me with devotion, are in Me, and I too am in them.
6.31.30
api cetsudurācāro bhajate māmananyabhāk |
sādhureva sa mantavyaḥ samyagvyavasito hi saḥ || 30 ||
If even a very wicked person worships Me, with devotion to none else, he should be regarded as good, for he has rightly resolved.
6.31.31
kṣipraṃ bhavati dharmātmā śaśvacchāntiṃ nigacchati |
kaunteya pratijānīhi na me bhaktaḥ praṇaśyati || 31 ||
Soon does he become righteous, and attain eternal Peace, O son of Kunti boldly canst thou proclaim, that My devotee is never destroyed.
6.31.32
māṃ hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye'pi syuḥ pāpayonayaḥ |
striyo vaiśyāstathā śūdrāste'pi yānti parāṃ gatim || 32 ||
For, taking refuge in Me, they also, O son of Prithâ, who might be of inferior birth,—women, Vaishyas, as well as Sudras,—even they attain to the Supreme Goal.
6.31.33
kiṃ punarbrāhmaṇāḥ puṇyā bhaktā rājarṣayastathā |
anityamasukhaṃ lokamimaṃ prāpya bhajasva mām || 33 ||
What need to mention holy Brâhmanas, and devoted Râjarshis! Having obtained this transient, joyless world, worship thou Me.
6.31.34
manmanā bhava madbhakto madyājī māṃ namaskuru |
māmevaiṣyasi yuktvaivamātmānaṃ matparāyaṇaḥ || 34 ||
Fill thy mind with Me, be My devotee, sacrifice unto Me, bow down to Me; thus having made thy heart steadfast in Me, taking Me as the Supreme Goal, thou shalt come to Me.
The end of the ninth chapter, designated The Way of the Kingly Knowledge and the Kingly Secret.
Translations (2)
- Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita — Swami Swarupananda 1909, English
- The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa — Kisari Mohan Ganguli 1883, English
Commentaries (1)
- Bhāratabhāvadīpa — Nīlakaṇṭha Caturdhara 1650, Sanskrit
Other recensions (2)
- Southern recension — Sanskrit
- Vulgate (Nīlakaṇṭha's text) — Sanskrit
Linked texts (7)
- Bhagavadgītā — Vyāsa, Sanskrit
- Vulgate (700 verses) — Sanskrit
- Śāktapramoda — Sanskrit
- Mahābhāratatātparyanirṇaya — Madhva, Sanskrit
- Advaitasiddhi — Madhusūdana Sarasvatī 1570, Sanskrit
- Kedārakalpa — Sanskrit
- Vedārthasaṅgraha — Rāmānuja, Sanskrit