Ayurvedadipika (Carakatatparyatika) 1.1.20.1.1

1.1.20.1.1

atha kiṃlakṣaṇaṃ tat sāmānyaṃ kiṃlakṣaṇo vā sa viśeṣa ityāha- sāmānyamityādi| ekatvakaramiti ekatvabuddhikaraṃ, sāmānyaṃ yadanekāsu bhinnadeśakālāsu gavādivyaktiṣu ‘ayaṃ gaurayaṃ gauḥ’ ityādiprakārā ekākārā buddhistat sāmānyam| na hi bhinnāsu vyaktiṣvabhinnaṃ sāmānyamekarūpaṃ vinā+abhrāntā ekākārā buddhirbhavatīti bhāvaḥ| yatrāpi ca ‘ayaṃ pācako+ayaṃ pācakaḥ’ iti, tathā ayaṃ ‘śuklo+ayaṃ śuklaḥ’ ityādau kriyāguṇādisāmānyādekarūpā buddhistatrāpi sāmānyamekakriyāguṇādigatamekarūpādhyavasāye hetuḥ| na hyekasmin pācake yā kriyā sā pācakāntare+api, kintarhi tajjātīyā| ataḥ kriyāsāmānyaṃ tatrāpyekatvādhyavasāye kāraṇam| viśeṣalakṣaṇaṃ- pṛthaktvakṛditi|- vyāvṛttabuddhikṛt; tena yadgovyaktyantarāpekṣayaikabuddhikartṛtayā gotvaṃ sāmānyaṃ, tadeva gotvamaśvādyapekṣayā vyāvṛttabuddhikartṛtvādaśvādīn prati viśeṣa ityuktaṃ bhavati| tena māṃsatvaṃ māṃsaṃ prati māṃsāntarāpekṣayā samānatvādvṛddhikāraṇaṃ bhavati, tadeva tu māṃsatvaṃ vātaṃ prati viśeṣarūpatayā hrāsaheturbhavati; śoṇitādīn prati tvavirodhiviśeṣatvena na tathā hrāsakāraṇaṃ, guṇasāmānyāttu vardhakamapi māṃsaṃ śoṇitādīnāṃ bhavati| kathamanekāsu vyaktiṣu sāmānyamekabuddhimavyabhicāriṇīṃ karotītyāha- tulyārthatā hītyādi| tulyārthatā ekasāmānyarūpārthānuyogitā| etena yasmādbhinnāsu vyaktiṣu sāmānyamekarūpasambandhamasti, tatastadanekārthāvalambā satyapi vyaktibhede ekabuddhiryukteti bhāvaḥ| viśeṣastu viparyaya iti atulyārthatā hi viśeṣatvaṃ, tena gogajayoratulyagotvagajatvarūpārthayoḥ pṛthagbuddhiryuktaiveti darśitaṃ bhavati|