The Compendium of Caraka 7.7: saptamo 'adhyāyaḥ/

Now, therefore, we shall explain the chapter on the formulation of śyāmā and trivṛt.

Thus spoke the venerable Ātreya:

The wise declare the root of trivṛt to be best for purgation. / Its names, qualities, action, varieties, and formulation will be spoken of.

Tribhaṇḍī, trivṛtā, śyāmā, and kūṭaraṇā, / sarvānubhūti, and suvahā are its synonymous designations.

It is astringent, sweet, dry, and pungent in post-digestive effect; / pacifying kapha and pitta, and exciting vāta on account of its dryness.

Now, combined with medicines destroying vāta, pitta, and kapha, / attaining distinction of formulation, it becomes an expeller of all diseases.

Its root is twofold: black and reddish; / of the two, know that the root which is reddish in appearance is the superior.

In the delicate, the child, the elderly, and one of gentle bowels, that is beneficial. / The black one would confuse [the senses] due to quick action, cause injury, and produce fainting.

Because of sharpness, it irritates the heart and throat, and also expels morbidity quickly; / it is praised for men of extensive morbidities and hard bowels.

One should dig up the root of the two grown in excellent soil, / having fasted, pure, in the bright fortnight, wearing white garments, concentrated in mind.

That which has penetrated deep, is smooth, and not spread out horizontally, / splitting that open, one should remove the central pith and store the dried rind.

A person unctuated and fomented is to be purged; having fasted pleasantly with only thin gruel, / taking a bolus the size of an akṣa of the two dissolved with sour [liquid], he should drink.

With urine of cow, sheep, goat, and buffalo, with sauvīraka and tuṣodaka, / with clear wine, and with boiled triphalā, one should drink separately.

Each one of the twelve beginning with rock salt, along with ginger, / combined with twice the amount of trivṛt powder, one should drink with hot water:

pippalī, pippalī root, black pepper, gajapippalī, / sarala, kilima, asafoetida, bhārgī, likewise tejovatī,

musta, haimavatī, pathyā, citraka, turmeric, sweet flag, / svarṇakṣīrī, ajamodā, and ginger—with each of these separately,

combined with half a part each, one should drink mixed with cow's urine; / combined with half a part of madhuka, one should drink mixed with sugar-water.

Jīvaka, ṛṣabhaka, medā, śrāvaṇī, called karkaṭa, / and the two named mudgaparṇī and māṣaparṇī, and great śrāvaṇī,

kākolī, kṣīrakākolī, indrā, chinnaruhā, / kṣīraśuklā, payasyā, and that called yaṣṭī—one should drink according to rule.

These are beneficial for vāta and pitta, while the others are for kapha and vāta. / Separately with the juices of milk, meat, sugarcane, kāśmarya, grape, and pīlu,

or with clarified butter, one should drink powder of the two with half a part of abhayā; / or one should lick it combined with honey and clarified butter, along with sugar candy.

Ajagandhā, tugākṣīrī, vidārī, sugar, and trivṛt / powdered and licked with honey and clarified butter: one is well purged.

A man afflicted with fever of combined doshas, rigidity, burning, and thirst, / with a decoction and paste of śyāmā and trivṛt, together with sugar,

should prepare an electuary according to rule; then he should lick a pāṇitala. / Having boiled sugar with honey, one should place it in a new earthen vessel;

when cool, one should cast in trivṛt powder along with cinnamon, tejapatra, and black pepper. / One should administer this in proper dose as an electuary: a purgative for lords.

Kuḍava parts of juices from sugarcane, grape, pīlu, and parūṣaka, / one pala of sugar candy, and half a kuḍava of honey, one should cook.

When cold, the expert in the science should mix that electuary with trivṛt powder. / This is a purgative for lords whose pitta is elevated.

Sugar confections, suppositories, pills, and meat cakes / one should prepare by this method: a purgative for those of pitta nature.

Pippalī, ginger, alkali, and śyāmā along with trivṛt / one should cause to be licked with honey: a purgative for those possessing kapha.

From mātuluṅga, abhayā, dhātrī, śrīparṇī, kola, and pomegranate, / one should cook the fresh juices thoroughly fried in oil; and there one should add

from mango, and from wood apple, and whatever fruit is moderately sour; / when it has thickened as before, one should add trivṛt powder,

powder of cinnamon, tejapatra, saffron, and cardamom, and honey in proper measure: / this electuary is a purgative for lords filled with kapha.

Syrups, meat broths, vegetable broths, modakas, and seasoned sauces / one should prepare by this method for the purpose of purgation when kapha is predominant.

Equal parts of bhṛṅga and cardamom, [equal to both] nīlī, trivṛt equal to those [combined], and sugar equal to all of them; / having powdered [them], one should drink it as a tarpaṇa with fruit juice, honey, and roasted barley meal.

In diseases arising from vāta, pitta, and kapha, and in those with weak digestive fire, / [and] in delicate men, it is a safe purgative.

With sugar, triphalā, śyāmā, trivṛt, pippalī, and honey, / a modaka is made that eliminates sannipāta, upward internal haemorrhage, and fever.

Three śāṇas of trivṛt are prescribed, and three [śāṇas] of the rinds of triphalā, / and viḍaṅga, pippalī, and kṣāra, three śāṇas powdered together;

one should lick it with ghee and honey, or consume it as a modaka with jaggery; / this is an excellent evacuative that requires no dietary restrictions.

Gulma, spleen enlargement, dyspnoea, halīmaka, and anorexia, / and other diseases caused by kapha and vāta, this formulation dispels.

Viḍaṅga, pippalī root, triphalā, coriander, and citraka, / black pepper, indrayava, cumin, pippalī, and hastipippalī,

the salts, and ajamodā, each powdered to a karṣa measure; / sesame oil and trivṛt powder, two portions measuring eight palas each;

three prasthas of the juice of āmalakī fruit, and half a tulā of jaggery; / having cooked them over a gentle fire, one should eat pills resembling jujube or udumbara fruits,

having formed them into jaggery balls; and herein there are no restrictions on conduct or food. / Weak digestive fire, fever, fainting, dysuria, anorexia,

sleeplessness, body ache, cough, dyspnoea, dizziness, wasting, / dermatosis, piles, jaundice, urinary disorders, gulma, abdominal enlargement, and fistula-in-ano,

and grahaṇī disorders and anaemia they destroy; and they are virility-promoting. / They are known as the 'Kalyāṇakas', suitable in all seasons. / Thus the Kalyāṇakaguḍa.
The physician should take equal parts of vyoṣa, cinnamon, tejapatra, mustā, cardamom, viḍaṅga, āmalakī, and harītakī, and twice as much mukūlaka,

an eightfold share of trivṛt, and a sixfold share of sugar; / having powdered them, making pills with honey measuring one pala each,

one should eat them upon rising in the morning and drink cold water afterwards. / In dysuria, fever, vomiting, cough, dyspnoea, dizziness, wasting,

burning sensation, anaemia, and low digestive fire, they are commended, for one eating without dietary restrictions; / and in purgation this formulation is regarded as supreme against all poisons,

and against diseases born of urine, administered by one knowing the procedure. / Two prasṛtis of harītakī, āmalakī, and castor [seeds], and one pala of trivṛt;

one should make ten modakas from them as a purgative for lords. / Trivṛt, śvetā trivṛt, śyāmā, nīlinī, hastipippalī,

pippalī with its roots, mustā, ajamodā, and durālabhā, / one karṣa each, one pala of dry ginger, twenty palas of jaggery;

powdered, one should make modakas resembling udumbara fruits. / With asafoetida, sauvarcala salt, vyoṣa, ajwain, biḍa salt, and cumin,

vacā, ajagandhā, triphalā, cavya, citraka, and coriander, / along with tumburu and pomegranate, one should coat those modakas with these powders.

For those suffering from pain in the sacrum, groin, cardiac region, bladder, bowels, piles, or spleen, / and for those with hiccough, cough, anorexia, dyspnoea, and udāvarta caused by kapha, they are beneficial.

Trivṛt, seeds of kuṭaja, pippalī, and dry ginger, / combined with honey and grape juice: this is a purgative in the rainy season.

Trivṛt, durālabhā, mustā, sugar, udīcya, and sandalwood, / with grape water, along with liquorice and sātala, [is the purgative] at the end of the rainy season [in autumn].

Trivṛt, citraka, pāṭhā, cumin, sarala, vacā, / and svarṇakṣīrī, ground together, one should drink with warm water in early winter.

Trivṛt equal to sugar is a purgative in the summer season. / Trivṛt, trāyamāṇā, hapuṣā, sātalā, kaṭurohiṇī,

and svarṇakṣīrī: having powdered them, one should soak them in cow's urine for three days. / This formulation is suitable for all seasons; it removes impurities and doṣas in unctuous persons.

Trivṛt, śyāmā, durālabhā, vatsaka, hastipippalī, / nīlinī, triphalā, mustā, and kaṭukā, finely powdered;

one pāṇitala of it combined with ghee, meat broth, or warm water / one should then drink; for this is most pleasant and is recommended even for dry persons.

The three pungents, triphalā, and asafoetida, one karṣa each; one pala of trivṛt; / half a karṣa of sauvarcala salt, and half a pala of amlavetasa;

one should drink that powder with an equal amount of sugar, in wine or sour gruel; / it is proven to relieve gulma and flank pain; and when it has digested, one should eat rice with meat juice.

Trivṛt, triphalā, dantī, saptalā, vyoṣa, and rock salt: / having made a powder, it should be soaked for seven days in āmalakī juice.

That should be added to tarpaṇa, vegetable broth, meat, and seasoned sauce preparations; / ghee cooked with equal sour [substances] and a paste of trivṛt is a ghee that cures gulma.

One should cook the roots of śyāmā and trivṛt together with āmalakī / in water; having cooked ghee with that decoction, a person should drink it.

Likewise, one should drink ghee prepared with a decoction of śyāmā and trivṛt, / or milk prepared with the two; thereby one is purged with ease.

One should cook eight full handfuls of trivṛt in a droṇa of water; / that decoction, reduced to one quarter and strained, combined with one tulā of jaggery,

should be placed for a month in an unctuous jar smeared with honey and [the powder of] honey, pippalī, fruit [of madana], and citraka; / when matured, one should drink it in proper dose.

It cures grahaṇī disorders and anaemia, and destroys gulma and swelling; / or [one should drink] surā fermented with yeast combined with trivṛt and mixed with its decoction.

With barley steamed in a decoction of śyāmā and trivṛt, [and] with water, / a gruel is fermented for six days in a vessel; when turned into sauvīraka, one should drink it.

Or having roasted cleansed barley with their husks, combined with that powder [of trivṛt and śyāmā], / fermented with water in the same manner: when turned into tuṣodaka, one should drink it.

Likewise, the ten preparations such as seasoned sauces described in the chapter on madana formulations, / each combined with trivṛt powder, one should employ for the purpose of purgation.

And here are two verses:---

With cinnamon, saffron, āmrātaka, pomegranate, cardamom, sugar candy, honey, and citron, / as well as wines and sour liquids that are pleasing to the mind, purgatives should be administered.

And for him who has drunk it, one should sprinkle the face with cold water in order to check vomiting, / and offer pleasant earth, flowers, fruits, fresh shoots, and sour things to sniff.

Here are the summary verses:---

One with sour and other substances, and eight; twelve with rock salt and others; / eighteen in urine; two in liquorice; fourteen in jīvaka and others;

seven in milk and the like; eight in electuaries; four also with white sugar; / five in syrups and the like; six in the seasons; five modakas;

four in ghee; two in milk; [two] in powders; likewise [two] in tarpaṇa; / two in wine; and two in sour gruel; ten others in seasoned sauces and the like:

In this chapter on formulation of śyāmā and trivṛt, / one hundred and ten proven formulations have been stated by the supreme seer.

Thus ends the seventh chapter, titled "Formulation of Śyāmā and Trivṛt," in the Section on Formulation of the treatise composed by Agniveśa, redacted by Caraka, and, being unavailable, completed by Dṛḍhabala.