Kautilya's Arthashastra 1.4.1
Kauṭilīya Arthaśāstra 1.4.1
- Language
- Sanskrit
1.4.1
kṛṣipāśupālye vaṇijyā ca vārtā, dhānyapaśuhiraṇyakupyaviṣṭipradānād aupakārikī //
AGRICULTURE, cattle-breeding and trade constitute Varta. It is most useful in that it brings in grains, cattle, gold, forest produce (kupya), and free labour (vishti). It is by means of the treasury and the army obtained solely through Varta that the king can hold under his control both his and his enemy's party.
Translations (1)
- Kautilya's Arthaśāstra — R. Shamasastry 1915, English
Commentaries (4)
- Pratipadapañcikā — Bhaṭṭasvāmin, Sanskrit
- Cāṇakyaṭīkā — Bhikṣu Prabhamati, Sanskrit
- Nayacandrikā — Mādhavayajvan, Sanskrit
- Śrīmūla — T. Gaṇapati Śāstrī, Sanskrit
Discussed in (3)
- Minerals and Metals in Ancient India — Biswas & Biswas 1996, English
- Hindu Polity: A Constitutional History of India in Hindu Times — Jayaswal 1924, English
- Studies in Ancient Hindu Polity (Based on the Arthaśāstra of Kauṭilya), Vol. I — Law & Mookerji 1914, English