Kautilya's Arthashastra 3.1.47

3.1.47

pūrvottarārthavyāghāte sākṣivaktavyakāraṇe /
cārahastāc ca niṣpāte pradeṣṭavyaḥ parājayaḥ //E

Whenever by means of the deposition of witnesses, the statements of either of the parties are found contradictory, and whenever the cause of either of the parties is found through the king's spies to be false, then the decree shall be passed against that party.