Kautilya's Arthashastra 9.6.60

9.6.60

bhedas triguṇaḥ sāntvadānapūrvaḥ //

Of these means, that which comes first in the order of enumeration is, as stated in connection with "invaders," easier than the rest. Conciliation is of single quality; gift is two-fold, since conciliation precedes it; dissension is threefold, since conciliation and gift precede it; and conciliatory coercion is fourfold, since conciliation, gift, and dissension precede it.