Manava Dharmashastra 3.20
Manuṭīkā 3.20
- Language
- Sanskrit
3.20.1
neyam | eṣāṃ brāhmādivyapadeśo na tvasādhāranyena brahmādidevatāsaṃbandhādeṣāṃvidyate | 22 || ṣaḍiti | ṣaḍāditaḥ kramāvasthitān viprasya coparitanān catvāroviśūdrayoḥ punaḥ rākṣasarvvajitān tāneva dharmyādanapetān jānīyāt | 23 || caturaiti | brāhmaṇasyādyāścatvāraḥ kṣatriyasya rākṣasamekam vaiśyaśūdrayoścāṃsuram smṛtyathopanibandhakāraiḥ praśastānmanyante | atra cāsurādīnāṃbrāhmaṇādiṣu pūrvavākyavihitānāṃiha nirākaraṇāt vikalpatonityāsaṃbhave vaikalpikeṣu pravṛttiḥ | evamuttaratrāpi veditavyam | 24 || pañcānāmiti | ihapaiśācaniṣedhātprājāpatyādayaḥ pañcagṛhyante | pañcānāṃprājāpatyādīnāṃmadhyāt trayodharmyādanapetādvautvadharmyāvihaśāstre smṛtaupaiśācāsurau tāvāpadyapi na kartavyau | 25 || pṛthagiti | yāvetaugandharvvarākṣasākhyau vivāhau pūrvoktau tau pṛthak pṛthakgavā miśrauvā kṣatrasyādharmyāviti pūrvasiddham | miśrau dharmyau tasya tau smṛtau ityanenocyate | tatreteretarānurāgapūrveyadākanyāvareṇātmānaṃ saṃvidā yuddhādināpahārayati tadāgāndharvarākṣasau miśrau bhavataḥ | 26 || ācchādyārhayitveti | vāsoviśeṣaiḥ kanyāmācchādyālaṅkārādibhiścāīyitvā śrutācāravantaṃvaraṃyāñjyārahitaṃ svayamānīya yattasmai kanyādānaṃ sabrāhmovivāho manvādibhiḥ smṛtaḥ | 27 || yajñaiti | jyotiṣṭomādiyāge prārabdhamarthavattvijaṃmacarati yadalaṅkṛtyakanyādānaṃkriyate tadaivaṃvivāhaṃmanvādaya ācakṣate | 28 || ekamiti | gobalīvardamekaṃdvevā varāddharmatoyāgādyavaśyakarttavyadharmanimittaṃgṛhītvā yatkanyāyāyathāśāstraṃpradānaṃvidhīyate saārṣovivāhaucyate |
3.20.2
29 || saheti | sahayuvāṃdharmaṃkuruta iti pradānakāle vācoktā yadarcāpūrvaṃ kanyādānaṃ saprājāpatyovidhiḥ smṛtaḥ | 30 || jñātibhyaiti | kanyāyai kanyājñātibhyoyathāśaktidhanaṃdatvā yatkanyāyāścapradānaṃ ādānaṃ svīkāraṃ svecchātonāṃrṣavaddhanajātiparimāṇāniyamena saāsurovivāhaucyate | 31 || icchayeti | kanyāvarayoḥ parāsparānurāgāyaḥ saṃyogo maithunācaraṇaṃ sammaithunāyahitaḥ kāmanimittakogāndharvodivāhoboddhavyaḥ | ihagāndharvā dau mukhyamevopagamanaṃ tuṃśabdastathāpratīte naca || pāṇigrahaṇakā mantrākanyātveca pratiṣṭhitāḥ|| iti vacanātsaṃskāraparilopoyāgarbhiṇīsaṃskriyate voḍhuḥkanyāsamudbhavaḥ | akṣatāca kṣatācaiva punarbhūḥsaṃskṛtāpunaḥ ityādi manuyājñavalkyoktasahoḍhakānīnapraunabhaṃvalakṣaṇeṣu saṃsāradarśanāt | gāndharvādi vivāheṣu punarvaivāhikovidhiḥ || karttavyaścatribhirvarṇaiḥ samayenāgnisākṣikaḥ iticadevalasmaraṇāt || tathā || gāndharvāsurapaiśācā vivahārākṣasāśrayāḥ || pūrvaṃpariṇayasteṣāṃpaścāddhomovidhīyate || bahvacagṛhyapariśiṣṭadarśanā ddāratādauca mukhyopagamanavadevaṃca | pāṇigrahaṇakāmaṃtrāityādi narantaropabhuktakanyāviṣayevatiṣṭhate | punarvaivāhikovidhiḥkartavyaḥ ityādi vacanādbhamanottarakālamakṛtasaṃskārā dvijātīnāṃbhāryā nabhavati śūdrasya bhavatyeva tribhirvarṇairityupādānāttathāvidhaputrasya rikthabhāgadarśanāt | 32 || hatveti | hatvā vaḍayāpakṣāt pramāthya chittvā'pramāthyāṅgacchedādi 0 kṛtvā bhitvā prākārādīn hāmātarhāpitaranāthāpahriyate ityevamāhvayantīmaśrujalāvilanayanāṃ yaḥkanyāṃgṛhādāharati tadapi bhūyaḥ kanyāharaṇaṃ rākṣasovivāhaḥ |
3.20.3
33 || suptāmiti | suptāṃnidropetāṃśīvāṃ ślasaraṃkṣaṇā nirbarhaṇāṃ nirjane pradeśe yasminvivāhe upagacchati sapāpaheturvivāhānāṃmadhyai paiśāco'ṣṭamaḥ khyātaḥ | 34 || adbhirevadvijātīnāṃkanyādānaṃpraśasyataiti | brāhmaṇānāmudakadānapūrvameva kanyādānaṃpraśastamityucyate | kṣatriyādīnāṃpunaḥ parasparecchayā vināpyudakaṃ vāṅmātreṇāpi dānamiṣyate | 35 || yaṃiti | eṣāṃvivāhādīnāṃmadhyādyasya vivāhasya yatphalaṃ manunā kathitaṃ tatsarvamama yathāvatkathayatoviprāḥśṛṇuta | 36 ||@F ṣeti | brāhmavivāhoḍhāputroyadi sukṛtakṛdbhavati tadā daśa pūrvānpitrādīn anvayinomṛtāna daśa''tmānaṃncaikaviṃśakaṃ pāṃpānmocayati | nacākṛtābhyāgamakṛtavipraṇāśāvatranodanīyau | śrāddhādivadvacanārthasya putrādīnāṃcāpāpācārāṇāṃutpattimātreṇaivaiṣāṃvimokṣastadānīṃ anutpannatvāt | 37 || daivoḍhājaita | daivavivāhotpannaḥputraḥ saptaparānpitrādīn samāvarānputrādīn pāpānmocayati | ārṣavivāhotpannaśca trīnpitrādīn trīṃścaputrādīn | tathā prājāpatyavivāhoḍhojotpannaśca ṣaṭputrādīnṣaṭpitrādīṃśca | 38 || brāhmayādiṣviti | rūpasatvaguṇopetāiti | brāhmayādiṣu vivāheṣu caturṣu kramāvasthiteṣu adhyayanādisaṃpattejoyuktāḥsādhumiyālāvṛttyena dvādaśādhyāyavakṣyamāṇalakṣaṇena sattvena dayādibhiśca guṇairyuktāḥ dhaninaḥkhyātimantaḥsaṃpannasraganulepanādibhogānuṣṭhātāraḥ putrājāyante śataṃvarṣāṇāṃjīvanti | 39 | 40 || itareṣviti | brāhmayādibhyaścaturbhyo'nyeṣvāsurādiṣu duṣṭavivāheṣu krūrakarmāṇo'nṛtavādinovedayāgādvidveṣiṇaśca sutājāyante |
3.20.4
41|| aninditairiti | agarhitairbhāryāprāptihetubhirvivāhairagarhitāni manuṣyāṇāmapatyāni bhavanti | garhitaiśca garhitāni bhavanti | tasmān garhānvivarjayet nakuryāt | 42 || pāṇigrahaṇasaṃskāraiti | hastagrahaṇātmakasaṃskārogṛhyoktosamānajātiṣu gṛhyamāṇāsu śāstreṇocyate asajātiṣu punaḥ uhyamānāsu vivāhakarmaṇi ayaṃvakṣyamāṇovidhiḥ pāṇiyahaṇasthāne vijñeyaḥ | 43 || śaraiti | kṣatriyayā pāṇigrahaṇasthāne brāhmaṇaḥpāṇigṛhītā varaprāntāccharobrāhmaṇodvāhyagrāhyaḥ vaiśyayāca brāhmaṇaḥpāṇiparigṛhītā dātrāditodanamayaḥprāntaṃbrāhmaṇakṣatriyodvāhegrāhyam | śūdrayāpunardvijātyudvāhe tannūmnāvratavastradaśāyāhyāḥ | 44 || ṛtukālābhigāmīti | ṛturgarbhadhānasamarthā striyovasthā | tatkālebhāryāmajātaputroniyamataupagacchet anapagamanedoṣaśravaṇāt | tathācaparāśaraḥ || ṛtusnātāṃtuyobhāryāsaṃnidhaunopagacchati | ghorāyāṃbhrūṇahatyāyāyujyatenātrasaṃśayaḥ || kiṃca || tribhirṛṇairṛṇavān jāyate yajñena devebhyaḥ prajayāpitṛbhyaḥ svādhyāyenaṛṣibhyaḥ" ityetat śrutimūlaṃtvasya saṃbhavati | mūlāntarakalpanāyāḥ anyāyyattvam | tathāca putrārthī saṃviśediti anenaitanśrutimūlatvamasyācāryyāviṣkariṣyatyevaṃ caitanmūlatvādaṃpatyasya niyamatvamavasīyate | jātaputrasyatvaniyamaḥ ekaputrotpādane vidheścaritārthatvāt | tathāca kāmajāntvitidarśanānnaikaṃputraṃ dadyātpratigṛhṇīyādvā | sahisaṃtānāyapūrveṣāmiti ca | yattudaśāsyāputrānādhehīti tadvahūpatyapraśaṃsāparaṃ jātaputrasyāpi ṛtukāle niyamagamane kathaṃdaśatvevāvatiṣṭhet | evaṃñca niyamoyaṃ natvanṛtukāle gamananiṣedhārthāparisaṃkhyeti |
3.20.5
kaḥpunaranayorbhedaviśeṣoniyamaḥ tannānnāmaprāpakovidhirniyamaḥ pakṣe prāptaṃcāhuḥ sameyajeteti yadratrahidarśapaurṇamāsāmbāyaṃjetetyevamādiyāganodanāvākyataevapakṣe yāgādhikaraṇabhūtasamadeśaprāptirastyevādhikaraṇaṃ vināyāgānupapatteḥ | sūtrasamayikṣaṇamāṇasyaitadvacanamudāste svataevapravṛtteḥ | viṣametu yiyakṣamāṇasya samāsābhāvetadvacanaṃ samarthaividhāyakatvenārthavadevaṃca vidhiphalaevaśruteḥniyamaḥ| apare tu nāmasyapunarvacanaṃniyamamāhuryathāsarvataevātmānaṃgopāyediti | tatra cānyatracaprāptau parisaṃkhyābhavati | yathāpañcapañcanakhābhakṣyāityatratyatra śaśādīnāṃca jighāṃsā prayuktatvāt yugapadbhakṣaṇaprāptiḥ | ataḥpareśca bhakṣyāiti parisaṃkhyāyante | yadyapi ca svārthahāniḥparārthaparikalpanā prāptabādhadoṣākrāntatvaṃparisaṃkhyāyāstathāpi vākyārthānarthakyāpattirubhayatastathā śravaṇaṃ varamityasāvapyāśrīyate svārthahānividhipratipādakaśravaṇepi vidhyarthaparityāgaḥ | tatraca ādyāpetavākyaprameyabhūtasya pratiṣedhakalpanā pañcavyatiriktapañcanakhānāṃjighāṃsā prayuktasya bhakṣaṇabādhanamiti | prāptavādhaḥ evaṃñcehatāvṛtau cārthitvāprāptau satyāmanṛtau na gacchedityevaṃ yadyapi parisaṃkhyātumāpadyate niyamarūpatāpākṣitvābhāvāt tathāpyananagamanadoṣaśravaṇānniyamārthataivanvānyāyā svadārasaṃtuṣṭaśca nityaṃsyāt | narūyantaramupagacchedityitīdaṃ prakṛditi bhāryāgamanaprāptā ca bhāryāgamanaparisaṃkhyaiṣā amāvāsyādivakṣyamāṇaparvavarjanamanutāṃvi bhāryātvasaṃrakṣaṇadvayameke icchannmayā vināpyapatyotpattiṃ tutsuratasaṃbhogecchayā niyamataupeyāt |
3.20.6
yattvamāvāsyāmaṣṭamīṃcetyādivakṣyati tadṛtukālādirahitadityanenātau parvasvapigamanaprāptau niṣedhārtham | tathācānṛtāviti tatracavakṣyati| 45|| ṛturīti | caturbhirdivasaiḥ uttamajanerninditaiḥ sahajo ṣoḍaśāhorātrāṇi strīṇārogyāyajani [taṛ] tukamaḥ| 46 || tāsāmiti | tāsāṃpunṣoḍaśānāṃrātrīṇāṃ ādyāścatasraṛtudarśanātprabhṛti caikādaśītrayodaśyau ca ninditāḥ | atastāsu nagantavyaṃ śiṣṭādaśarātrayogamanapraśastāḥsyuḥ | 47|| yugmāsviti | yugmāsu ṣaṣṭhyaṣṭamyādyāsu gacchataḥputrājāyante | ayugmāsu saptamīnavamyādyāsu striyuḥ | ataḥ putrārthī yugmāsu ṛtukāle bhāryāvrajet | tāsvalpībhāvādārtavasya tathācāyurvedaḥyugmāsvalpībhavatyārtavamayugmāṃ tasmātputrasya duhiturjenmotpadyate | 48 || pumāniti | puṃsodhikabīje ayugmāsvapi rātriṣu pumānbhūyātṛturdurbalohīnāṅgorjāyate āyurvedaeva abhidhānāt | strībījetvadhikeyugmāsvapi strīpuruṣārutidurbalā hīnāṅgāvājāyate āyurvedadarśanāt | sameśrīpuruṣabojeyugmāsvayugmāsvapinapuṃsakaṃjāyate | strīpuṃsayorvā vāyunā bījabhede satiniḥsārelpeca bīje agrahaṇaṃgarbhasya | 49 || nindyāsviti | nidyāsu ṣaṭsu anyāsu cāṣṭāsu rātriṣu yāsukāsucinnnakrameṇaiva striyaṃpariharan rātridvaye'vaśiṣṭegacchan gārhasthādāśramāntarepivasannū brahmacāryevabhavati | na brahmacaryakhaṇḍanadoṣosya bhavatītyutpannavinaṣṭaputrasyāśramāntarasthasyāpīcchaya putrārthaṃrātridvayagamane yatratatrāśramavatsannapi putrāthaiṃsiviśediti prastutatvātputrasyaca mahopakārakatvenaśravaṇādyathāśrāmāntare'tyantabrahmacaryopadeśādyuktametadityāhustadasadgasyāpiśāstragocaratvāt | 50 ||
3.20.7
neti | kanyāyāḥpitā dhanagrahaṇa doṣajñaḥ svalpamapikanyādānaviniyamarūpadhanaṃ na gṛhṇīyāt | yasmāllobhena tadgṛhṇan apatyavikrayībhavet | 51 || strīdhanānīti | duhitṛbhaginyādi saṃbaṃdhīni hiraṇyāni dāsīvāhanavastrāṇi vā pitrādayaupabhuñjate | ataste pāpāḥ pāpakarmīṇonarakaṃvrajanti prasaṅgātstrīdhanopajīvanapratiṣedhaḥ | 52 || ārṣaiti | ārṣe vivāhe gomithunaṃśulkaṃvarādbrāhmamiti kecidācāryāḥprāhuḥ | tatpunarasatyaṃ yaṃsmādalpārthasādhyatvādarthovābhavatu bahumūlyasādhyatvādbhavatu sarvathā vikrayastāvadsau bhavartyevaṃgomithunamityetatparamatamityavasīyate | 53|| yāsāmiti | yāsāṃkanyānāṃpunaḥpitrādayaḥ ātmārthaṃdānaṃdattaṃvarānnagṛhṇanti apitu prasannbhairbhādibhiḥ apaṇapūrvakanyārthadattaṃ gṛhṇate nāsauvikrayaḥ | kiṃrtāvhipūjanaṃtatkanyānāṃkavalaṃ vikrayasparśaśūnyaṃ anukaṃpārūpaṃ tat | 54 ||
Linked texts (1)
- Mānava Dharmaśāstra — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit