Agnipurana 366: atha ṣaṭṣaṣṭyadhikatriśatatamo'dhyāyaḥ

366.p1

sāmānyanāmaliṅgāni

366.p2

agniruvāca

366.1

sāmānyānyatha vakṣyāmi nāmaliṅgāni tacchṛṇu
sukṛtī puṇyavān dhanyo mahecchastu mahāśayaḥ

Agni said:
I shall now declare the common nouns and their genders; listen to that.
One who has done good deeds is *sukṛtin*, *puṇyavat*, and *dhanya*; magnanimous is *maheccha* and *mahāśaya*.

366.2

pravīṇanipuṇābhijñavijñaniṣṇātaśikṣitāḥ
syurvadānyasthūlalakṣadānaśauṇḍā bahuprade

*Pravīṇa*, *nipuṇa*, *abhijña*, *vijña*, *niṣṇāta*, and *śikṣita* [mean skilled].
For one who gives abundantly, the words are *vadānya*, *sthūlalakṣa*, and *dānaśauṇḍa*.

366.3

kṛtī kṛtajñaḥ kuśala āsaktodyukta utsukaḥ
ibhya āḍhyaḥ parivṛḍho hyadhibhūrnāyako'dhipaḥ

Competent is *kṛtin*; grateful is *kṛtajña*; clever is *kuśala*; devoted and zealous is *āsakta*, *udyukta*, and *utsuka*;
wealthy is *ibhya* and *āḍhya*; a lord or leader is *parivṛḍha*, *adhibhū*, *nāyaka*, and *adhipa*.

366.4

lakṣmīvān lakṣmaṇaḥ śrīlaḥ svatantraḥ svairyapāvṛtaḥ
khalapūḥ syādbahukaro dīrghasūtraścirakriyaḥ

Fortunate is *lakṣmīvat*, *lakṣmaṇa*, and *śrīla*; independent is *svatantra*, *svairin*, and *apāvṛta*;
a scavenger is *khalapū* and *bahukara*; procrastinating is *dīrghasūtra* and *cirakriya*.

366.5

jālmo'samīkṣyakārī syāt kuṇṭho mandaḥ kriyāsu yaḥ
karmaśūraḥ karmaṭhaḥ syādbhakṣako ghasmaro'dmaraḥ

*Jālma* is one who acts without reflection; *kuṇṭha* and *manda* mean dull in actions;
one skilled in action is *karmaśūra* and *karmaṭha*; voracious is *bhakṣaka*, *ghasmara*, and *admara*.

366.6

lolupo gardhalo gṛdhnurvinītapraśritau tathā
dhṛṣṭe dhṛṣṇurviyātaśca nibhṛtaḥ pratibhānvite

Covetous is *lolupa*, *gardhala*, and *gṛdhnu*; humble is *vinīta* and *praśrita*;
for bold, the words are *dhṛṣṭa*, *dhṛṣṇu*, and *viyāta*; modest or ready-witted is *nibhṛta* and *pratibhānvita*.

366.7

pragalbho bhīruko bhīrurvandārurabhivādake
bhūṣṇurbhaviṣṇurbhavitā jñātā vidurabindukau

Bold is [denoted by] *pragalbha*; cowardly by *bhīruka* and *bhīru*; saluting by *vandāru* and *abhivādaka*; / thriving by *bhūṣṇu*, *bhaviṣṇu*, and *bhavitā*; knowing by *jñātṛ*, *vidura*, and *binduka*.

366.8

mattaśauṇḍotkaṭakṣīvāścaṇḍastvatyantakopanaḥ
devānañcati devadryaṅ viśvadryaṅ viśvagañcati

Intoxicated [is expressed by] *matta*, *śauṇḍa*, *utkaṭa*, and *kṣība*; while extremely wrathful is *caṇḍa*.

366.9

yaḥ sahāñcati sa saghryaṅ sa tiryaṅ yastiro'ñcati
vācoyuktiḥ paṭurvāgmī vāvadūkaśca vaktari

He who moves together is *sadhryañc*; he who moves crookedly is *tiryañc*. / *Vācoyukti*, *paṭu*, *vāgmin*, and *vāvadūka* denote a speaker [who is eloquent].

366.10

syājjalpakastu vācālo vācāṭo bahugarhyavāk
apadhvasto dhikkṛtaḥ syādbaddhe kīlitasaṃyatau

A babbler, speaking much contemptible speech, is *jalpaka*, *vācāla*, and *vācāṭa*. / Despised is *apadhvasta* and *dhikkṛta*; bound is *kīlita* and *saṃyata*.

366.11

varaṇaḥ śabdano nāndīvādī nānvīkaraḥ samāḥ
vyasanārtoparaktau dvau baddhe kīlitasaṃyatau

*Varaṇa*, *śabdana*, *nāndīvādī*, and *nānvīkara* are synonymous. / Afflicted with calamity is *uparakta*; bound is *kīlita* and *saṃyata*.

366.12

vihastavyākulau tulyau nṛśaṃsakrūraghātukāḥ
pāpo dhūrto vañcakaḥ syānmūrkhe vaidehavāliśau

*Vihista* and *vyākula* are equal; cruel, harsh, and destructive are *nṛśaṃsa*, *krūra*, and *ghātuka*. / Sinful, rogue, and deceiver are *pāpa*, *dhūrta*, and *vañcaka*; foolish are *vaideha* and *bāliśa*.

366.13

kadarye kṛpaṇakṣudrau mārgaṇo yācakārthinau
ahaṅkāravānahaṃyuḥ syācchubhaṃyustu śubhānvitaḥ

Miserly are *kadarya*, *kṛpaṇa*, and *kṣudra*; a petitioner is *mārgaṇa*, *yācaka*, and *arthin*. / One possessing egotism is *ahaṃyu*; one endowed with auspiciousness is *śubhaṃyu*.

366.14

kāntaṃ manoramaṃ rucyaṃ hṛdyābhīṣṭe hyabhīpsite
asāraṃ phalgu śūnyaṃ vai mukhyavaryavareṇyakāḥ

Pleasing and charming are *kānta*, *manorama*, and *rucya*; desired and wished-for are *hṛdya*, *abhīṣṭa*, and *abhīpsita*. / Unsubstantial is *asāra*, *phalgu*, and *śūnya*; foremost and best are *mukhya*, *varya*, and *vareṇya*.

366.15

śreyān śreṣṭhaḥ puṣkalaḥ syātprāgryāgryagrīyamagrimam
vaḍroru vipulaṃ pīnapīvnī tu sthūlapīvare

Better and superior is *śreyas*, *śreṣṭha*, and *puṣkala*; first and foremost are *prāgrya*, *agrya*, *agrīya*, and *agrima*. / Great and extensive are *vaḍra*, *uru*, and *vipula*; fat and stout are *pīna*, *pīvan*, *sthūla*, and *pīvara*.

366.16

stokālpakṣullakāḥ sūkṣmaṃ ślakṣṇaṃ dabhraṃ kṛśantanu
mātrākuṭīlavakaṇā bhūyiṣṭhaṃ puruhaṃ puru

A little and small are *stoka*, *alpa*, and *kṣullaka*; fine, smooth, scanty, thin, and slender are *sūkṣma*, *ślakṣṇa*, *dabhra*, *kṛśa*, and *tanu*. / A measure, particle, and drop are *mātrā*, *kuṭī*, *lava*, and *kaṇa*; abundant and much are *bhūyiṣṭha*, *puruha*, and *puru*.

366.17

akhaṇḍe pūrṇasakalamupakaṇṭhāntikābhitaḥ
samīpe sannidhābhyāsau nediṣṭaṃ susamīpakam

Unbroken and complete is *akhaṇḍa*, *pūrṇa*, and *sakala*; neighboring, near, and on both sides are *upakaṇṭha*, *antika*, and *abhitas*. / Near are *samīpa*, *sannidhā*, and *abhyāsa*; closest is *nediṣṭha* and *susamīpaka*.

366.18

sudūre tu daviṣṭhaṃ syādvṛttaṃ nistalavartule
uccaprāṃśūnnatodagrā dhruvo nityaḥ sanātanaḥ

Very far is *daviṣṭha*; round is *vṛtta*, *nistala*, and *vartula*. / High, tall, elevated, and lofty are *ucca*, *prāṃśu*, *unnata*, and *udagra*; constant, eternal, and perpetual are *dhruva*, *nitya*, and *sanātana*.

366.19

āviddhaṃ kuṭilaṃ bhugnaṃ vellitaṃ vakramityapi
cañcalaṃ taralañcaiva kaṭhoraṃ jaṭharaṃ dṛḍham

Crooked, curved, bent, twisted, and tortuous are *āviddha*, *kuṭila*, *bhugna*, *vellita*, and *vakra*.

366.20

pratyagro'bhinavo navyo navīno nūtano navaḥ
ekatāno'nanyavṛttiruccaṇḍamavilambitam

Fresh, novel, modern, recent, and new are *pratyagra*, *abhinava*, *navya*, *navīna*, *nūtana*, and *nava*. / Intent on one object is *ekatāna* and *ananyavṛtti*; speedy is *uccaṇḍa* and *avilambita*.

366.21

uccāvacaṃ naikabhedaṃ sambādhakalilaṃ tathā
timitaṃ stimitaṃ klinnamabhiyogastvabhigrahaḥ

High and low, or multiform, is *uccāvaca* and *naikabheda*; crowded and dense are *sambādha* and *kalila*. / Moist, damp, and wet are *timita*, *stimita*, and *klinna*; attack is *abhiyoga* and *abhigraha*.

366.22

sphātirvṛddhau prathā khyātau samāhāraḥ samuccayaḥ
apahārastvapacayo vihārastu parikramaḥ

*Sphāti* is in [the sense of] increase; *prathā* in renown; *samāhāra* is combination. / *Apahāra* is diminishment; *vihāra* is roaming about.

366.23

pratyāhāra upādānaṃ nirhāro'bhyavakarṣaṇam
vighno'ntarāyaḥ pratyūhaḥ syādāsyātvāsanā sthitiḥ

*Pratyāhāra* is taking back; *nirhāra* is drawing out. / An obstacle is *vighna*, *antarāya*, and *pratyūha*; *āsyā*, *āsanā*, and *sthiti* mean staying.

366.24

sannidhiḥ sannikarṣaḥ syātsaṃkramo durgasañcaraḥ
upalambhastvanubhavaḥ pratyādeśo nirākṛtiḥ

Proximity is *sannidhi* and *sannikarṣa*; *saṅkrama* is difficult passage. / Perception is *upalambha* and *anubhava*; rejection is *pratyādeśa* and *nirākṛti*.

366.25

parirambhaḥpariṣvaṅgaḥ saṃśleṣa upagūhanam
anumā pakṣahetvādyairḍimbe bhramaraviplavau

Embrace is *parirambha*, *pariṣvaṅga*, *saṃśleṣa*, and *upagūhana*. / Inference is by thesis, reason, and so on; in [the sense of] affray are *ḍimba*, *bhramara*, and *viplava*.

366.26

asannikṛṣṭārthajñānaṃ śabdāddhi śābdamīritam
sādṛśyadarśanāttulye buddhiḥ syādupamānakam

Cognition of an object not in sensory contact through verbal testimony is indeed declared as verbal testimony (*śābda*). / Cognition of similarity based on perceiving likeness is comparison (*upamāna*).

366.27

kāryaṃ dṛṣṭvā vinā nasyādarthāpattiḥ parārthadhīḥ
pratiyoginyagṛhīte bhuvi nāstītyabhāvakaḥ
ityādināmaliṅgo hi harirukto nṛbuddhaye

Seeing an effect that could not be without [another fact] is postulation (*arthāpatti*), the cognition of that other thing. / When a counter-correlate is grasped, [the cognition] that it is not on the ground is non-existence (*abhāva*). / In this manner, Hari is spoken of by the genders of nominal words for the understanding of men.

366.27.p1

ityāgneye mahāpurāṇe sāmānyanāmaliṅgāni nāma ṣaṭṣaṣṭyadhikatriśatatamo'dhyāyaḥ