Garudapurana 1.158

The glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa—[Chapter] 158. / Dhanvantari said: / Now then, hear, O Suśruta, the diagnosis of retention of urine. / The bladder, the head of the bladder, the penis, the waist, the testicles, and the anus

are described as a single functional complex located in the cavity of the pelvic bones. / Indeed, although the bladder is downward-facing, through the openings of the channels carrying urine,

it is continuously filled from the flanks by subtle, flowing streams. / Entering through these very [channels], the doshas produce twenty varieties [of urinary disease].

Retention of urine and obstinate urinary disorders severely afflict the vital spot. / Accompanied by pain in the bladder, groins, and penis, one passes [urine] in tiny amounts repeatedly.

In the vāta type, urination is painful; in the pitta type, it is yellow, with burning and pain, / or bloody; in the kapha type, there is heaviness and swelling of the bladder and penis,

slimy, obstructed, and possessing all the symptoms when caused by all the doshas combined. / When vāta, having twisted and desiccated the neck of the bladder,

dries the urine mixed with pitta, kapha, or semen, then gradually / a dreadful calculus is formed, just as biliary stone (rocanā) is formed in a cow.

All [calculi] are rooted in kapha. Now, the premonitory symptom of this: / distension of the bladder, severe pain all around the neighbouring regions,

retention of urine in the bladder, dysuria, fever, and loss of appetite. / The general sign is pain at the navel, the perineal raphe, and the crown of the bladder.

Urine may flow in divided streams, and when the passage is obstructed, / it is blocked; once unblocked, one urinates with ease, the urine clear like a hessonite gem.

From its irritation, there is blood and pain in the passage along the muscular tissue. / In that condition, afflicted by the movement of vāta, one grinds the teeth and trembles;

one grasps the penis and presses the navel, which is a marked sign; / one passes stool with flatulence and repeatedly urinates drop by drop.

The stone from vāta is dusky, rough, and covered as if with thorns; / due to pitta, the bladder burns as though being cooked, accompanied by heat;

it is shaped like a marking-nut seed, red, yellow, or white. / Due to kapha, the bladder feels as if pierced with needles, cold, and heavy;

the stone is large, smooth, honey-coloured or white. / These occur in children, and predominantly in them,

because of the smallness of their bladder and its growth, extraction and removal are easy. / Seminal calculus, however, is large and is produced by the suppression of ejaculation.

When semen displaced from its place or unspent is held between the testicles, vāta / desiccates it, compacting it; that is a seminal calculus.

It causes pain in the bladder, dysuria, whitish urine, and swelling; / as soon as it is produced, it reaches the dry state and dissolves.

When it is compressed, in fever and cough, gravel appears just like calculus; / or that [calculus] is broken by vāta, and when the vāta moves downwards,

it passes out together with the urine; but when it moves in the reverse direction, it solidifies. / When vāta is provoked at the mouth of the bladder, it causes retention of urine,

urinary obstruction, pain, and itching, and sometimes a severe discharge. / Covering and elevating the bladder, it produces a thick, spreading swelling up to the abdomen,

causing pain, burning, throbbing, and twisting cramps there; / urine is passed drop by drop, and when the bladder is pressed,

the flow is also obstructed; this is known as vātabasti (spasm of the bladder), / difficult to overcome; a second form is even more difficult to overcome, caused by powerful vāta.

Vāta located between the rectum and the bladder / produces a firm, immobile, and elevated lump resembling an anvil (aṣṭhīlā).

That is vātāṣṭhīlā, which causes obstruction to feces, urine, and flatus. / When vāta becomes disordered, coiled up in the bladder, and causes severe pain,

it moves about blocking the urine, causing rigidity, cramping, and heaviness, / or discharges urine in very small quantities now and then.

This is called vātakuṇḍalikā. But when urine is suppressed, it is soon / held back and does not come out, or comes out obstructed with mild pain, known as mūtrātīta.

When thwarted by suppression, turned around by vāta, / the urine then fills the abdomen below the navel.

It produces severe pain, distension, inability [to pass waste], and retention of feces; / that urine, due to a disorder in the abdominal aperture or by vāta,

Thrown into the bladder or into the navel or feces of one whose urine is scanty, / having stayed there, it may flow slowly afterward, accompanied by pain or without pain.

The discharge of urine is interrupted, producing a heaviness in the groin and penis; / within the neck of the bladder, thirst suddenly occurs, firm and slight.

A tumor with pain equal to a urinary calculus is called mūtragranthi. / When one who has the urge to urinate goes to a woman, semen displaced by vāyu,

dislodged from its proper place, comes forth before or after urinating; / resembling ash-water, it is called mūtraśukra.

When upward movement of wind occurs in a dry and weak person, / the feces enters the urinary tract mixed with fecal matter;

a drop of urine has the same smell [as feces]; one should designate that as [vātaja] vighāta. / Due to pitta, physical exertion, sharp and sour food, flatulence, and the like,

by aggravated vāyu in the urine located in the bladder, causing a burning sensation, / it discharges urine first mixed with blood or purely red [with blood].

Hot, again and again, with difficulty: that they call uṣṇavāta. / In a person who is dry and whose body is exhausted, pitta and wind situated in the bladder

produce a depletion of urine (mūtrakṣaya) accompanied by pain and burning, bearing that name. / If pitta or kapha, or both, should be solidified by wind,

then with difficulty one discharges urine that is yellow, red, white, or dense, / accompanied by burning, and having the color of gallstone or conch-shell powder.

When dried, it has all colors; they call it mūtrasāda. / Thus at length have been spoken the diseases arising from the urine.

Thus ends the one hundred and fifty-eighth chapter, named 'The Diagnosis of Retention of Urine and Dysuria', in the Ācārakāṇḍa of the first section called Pūrvakhaṇḍa in the glorious and great Garuḍa Purāṇa.