Kauṣītaki (Śāṅkhāyana) Brāhmaṇa 2.1

2.1.1

gharmo vā eṣa pravṛjyate yad agnihotram /

The Gharma, indeed, is prepared when the Agnihotra is [offered].

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.2

tad asau vai gharmo yo asau tapati /

Now, that one who shines yonder is indeed the Gharma.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.3

etam eva ta prīṇāti / (agnihotra)

Him he thus gratifies.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.4

sa vai sāyam ca prātaś ca juhoti /

He offers both in the evening and in the morning:

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.5

agnaye sāyam sūryāya prātaḥ /

to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.6

sauryam vā ahar āgneyī rātriḥ / (agnihotra)

The day belongs to Sūrya, the night belongs to Agni.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.7

mukhata eva tad aho rātre prīṇāti /

At the very head he thus gratifies day and night.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.8

payasā juhuyāt /

He should offer with milk.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.9

eṣa ha vai sarvāsām oṣadhīnām raso yat payaḥ / (agnihotra)

Milk is indeed the sap of all plants.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.10

sarvair eva tad rasair agnīn prīṇāti /

With all saps he thus gratifies the fires.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.11

tad u vā āhur yad aśanasya eva juhuyāt /

Moreover, they say that he should offer of [his own] food.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.12

sarvam vā idam agner annam / (agnihotra)

All this is indeed food for Agni.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.13

svena eva tad annena agnīn prīṇāti iti /

'With his own food he thus gratifies the fires,' [they say].

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.14

gārhapatye adhiśritya āhavanīye juhuyāt / (agnihotra)

Having placed [it] over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.15

śrapaṇo vai gārhapatyaḥ /

The Gārhapatya is the cooking [fire];

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.16

āhavana āhavanīyaḥ /

the Āhavanīya is for the offering.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.17

tasmād gārhapatye adhiśritya āhavanīye juhuyāt / (agnihotra)

Therefore, having placed [it] over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.18

dvy antān aṅgārān karoti /

He separates the embers into two ends.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.19

imāv eva tal lokau vitārayati /

He thus sets these two worlds apart.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.20

tasmādd hi imau lokau saha santau nānā iva / (agnihotra)

Therefore these two worlds, although together, are as if distinct.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.21

atha yad adhiśritya avadyotayati /

Then, in that he illuminates [the milk] having placed it over [the fire],

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.22

śrapayaty eva etat tat /

he thereby cooks it.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.23

atha yad apaḥ pratyānayati / (agnihotra)

Then, in that he adds water to it,

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.24

āpaḥ kṛtsnāni ha vai sarvāṇi havīṃṣi bhavanti /

all oblations indeed become complete through water;

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.25

haviṣa eva kṛtsnatāyai / (agnihotra)

[it is] for the completeness of the oblation.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.26

atha yat punar avadyogayati /

Then, in that he illuminates [it] again,

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.29

trivṛdd hi deva karma /

for threefold is the rite of the gods.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.30

anucchindann iva hareti / (agnihotra)

'Carry [it] without breaking the stream,' [they say];

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.31

tathā ha yajamāno apracyāvuko bhavati /

thus the sacrificer does not fall away.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers

2.1.32

atha upaveṣeṇa dakṣiṇato aṅgārān upaspṛśati namo devebhya iti / (agnihotra)

Then, with the stirring-stick, he touches the embers to the south, [saying,] 'Homage to the gods.'

on the south side (saying) 'Homage to the gods!', for the gods are not above the paying of homage. He should arrange the embers broadly; thus not even the outermost (of his offering) is wasted. Four times should he ladle out; fourfold is all this (universe); verily (it serves) for the obtaining of all this. Five times should he ladle out; the sacrifice is fivefold; verily (it serves) to obtain the sacrifice.

ii. 1. In that (there is performed) the Agnihotra the cauldron here is heated. Now he who makes heat yonder is yonder cauldron; verily him thus he delights. He offers in the evening and in the morning, to Agni in the evening, to Sūrya in the morning; the day is connected with Sūrya, the night with Agni; verily thus at the beginning he delights day and night. With milk should he offer; milk is the sap of all the plants; verily so with all kinds of sap he delights the fires. As to this they say: ‘He may offer any kind of food; all this is Agni’s food; so with their own food he delights the fires. Having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya; the Gārhapatya is the fire for cooking, the Āhavanīya that for offering; therefore having put (it) over the Gārhapatya, he should offer in the Āhavanīya. He makes the embers have their ends apart; verily thus he severs these two worlds; therefore these two worlds though being together are as it were separate. Now in that he lights up (the fire) after putting (the milk) over it, thus he makes it cooked. In that he brings up the waters, and the waters are complete, all the oblations become complete; verily (they serve) to complete the oblation. In that a second time he lights up, verily thus he cooks the waters. Thrice he sets down the vessel for the offering and removes it northwards, to make a threefold characteristic, for threefold is the performance for the gods. Without spilling should he take (it); thus the sacrificer is not likely to fall into ruin. Then with the poking-stick he touches the embers