Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa ("of a hundred paths") 8.1.1
Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 8.1.1
- Language
- Sanskrit
8.1.1.1
prāṇabhṛta upadadhāti | prāṇā vai prāṇabhṛtaḥ prāṇānevaitadupadadhāti tāḥ prathamāyāṃ citā upadadhāti pūrvārdha eṣo 'gneryatprathamā citiḥ purastāttatprāṇāndadhāti tasmādime purastātprāṇāḥ
He lays down the Prânabhritah (breath-holders): now, the Prânabhritah being--the vital airs, it is the vital airs he thereby bestows upon (Agni). He lays them down in the first layer;--that which is the first layer is the forepart (ground-part) of Agni: it is thus in front that he puts (into Agni) the vital airs, whence there are (in creatures) these (orifices of the) vital airs in front.
8.1.1.2
tā daśa-daśopadadhāti | daśa vai prāṇā yadu vā api bahu kṛtvo daśa-daśa daśaiva tṛtpañca kṛtvo daśa-daśopadadhāti pañca vā etānpaśūnupadadhāti daśa-daśa vā ekaikasminpaśau prāṇāstadeṣu sarveṣu prāṇāndadhātyanantarhitāḥ paśubhya upadadhātyanantarhitāṃstatpaśubhyaḥ prāṇāndadhāti sarvata upadadhāti sarvata evaiṣvetatprāṇāndadhāti
He lays them down by ten and ten, for there are ten vital airs; and even though 'ten-ten' may mean many, times, here they mean only ten. Five times he puts on ten (bricks) each time; for it is those five (kinds of sacrificial) animals he bestows, and there are ten vital airs in each.animal: upon all of them he thus bestows the vital airs. He lays down (the bricks) so as not to be separated from the animals: he thus bestows vital airs not separated from the animals. He lays them down on every side: on every side he thus bestows on them (orifices of) the vital airs.
8.1.1.3
yadveva prāṇabhṛta upadadhāti | prajāpatervisrastātprāṇā udakrāmandevatā bhūtvā tānabravīdupa meta prati ma etaddhatta yena me yūyamudakramiṣṭeti sa vai tadannaṃ sṛjasva yatte vayam paśyanta upavasāmeti te vā ubhaye sṛjāmahā iti tatheti te prāṇāśca prajāpatiścaitadannamasṛjantaitāḥ prāṇabhṛtaḥ
And again why he lays down the Prânabhritah. From Pragâpati, when relaxed (by producing creatures), the vital airs departed. To them, having become deities, he spake, 'Come ye to me, return ye unto me that wherewith ye have gone out of me!'--'Well then, create thou that food which we will await here looking on!'--'Well then, let us both create!'--'So be it!'--So both the final airs and Pragâpati created that food, these Prânabhrit (bricks).
8.1.1.4
sa purastādupadadhāti | ayam puro bhuva ityagnirvai purastadyattamāha pura iti prāñcaṃ hyagnimuddharanti prāñcamupacarantyatha yadbhuva ityāhāgnirvai bhuvo 'gnerhīdaṃ sarvam bhavati prāṇo hāgnirbhūtvā purastāttasthau tadeva tadrūpamupadadhāti
In front (of the altar) he lays down (ten bricks,--the first) with (Vâg. S. XIII, 54), 'This one in front, the Existent,'--in front, doubtless, is Agni; and as to why he speaks of him (as being) 'in front,' it is because they take out the fire (from the Gârhapatya) towards the front, and attend on Agni towards the front. And as to why he says 'the existent (bhuva),' Agni is indeed the existent, for it is through Agni that everything exists (bhû) here. Agni, indeed, having become the breath, remained in front: it is that very form he now bestows (on Agni).
8.1.1.5
tasya prāṇo bhauvāyana iti | prāṇaṃ tasmādrūpādagnerniramimīta vasantaḥ prāṇāyana iti vasantamṛtum prāṇānniramimīta gāyatrī vāsantīti gāyatrīṃ cando vasantādṛtorniramimīta gāyatryai gāyatramiti gāyatryai candaso gāyatraṃ sāma niramimīta gāyatrādupāṃśuriti gāyatrātsāmna upāṃśuṃ grahaṃ niramimītopāṃśostrivṛdityupāṃśorgrahāttrivṛtaṃ stomaṃ niramimīta trivṛto rathantaramiti trivṛta stomādrathantaram pṛṣṭhaṃ niramimīta
[The others with], 'His, the Existent's son, the Breath,'--from out of that form, fire, he (Pragâpati) fashioned the breath;--'Spring, the son of the breath,'--from out of the breath he fashioned the spring-season;--'The Gâyatrî, the daughter of the Spring,'--from out of the spring-season he fashioned the Gâyatrî metre;--'From the Gâyatrî the Gâyatra,'--from out of the Gâyatrî metre he fashioned the Gâyatra hymn-tune;--'From the Gâyatra the Upâmsu,'--from out of the Gâyatra hymn-tune he fashioned the Upâmsu-graha;-- 'From the Upâmsu the Trivrit,'--from out of the Upâmsu-graha he fashioned the nine-versed hymn-form;--'From the Trivrit the Rathantara,'--from out of the Trivrit-stoma he fashioned the Rathantara-prishtha.
8.1.1.6
vasiṣṭha ṛṣiriti | prāṇo vai vasiṣṭha ṛṣiryadvai nu śreṣṭhastena vasiṣṭho 'tho yadvastṛtamo vasati teno eva vasiṣṭhaḥ prajāpatigṛhītayā tvayeti prajāpatisṛṣṭayā tvayetyetatprāṇaṃ gṛhṇāmi prajābhya iti prāṇam purastātprāpādayata nānopadadhāti ye nānākāmāḥ prāṇe tāṃstaddadhāti sakṛtsādayatyekaṃ tatprāṇaṃ karotyatha yannānā sādayetprāṇaṃ ha vicindyātsaiṣā trivṛdiṣṭakā yajuḥ sādanaṃ sūdadohāstattrivṛttrivṛdagniryāvānagniryāvatyasya mātrā tāvattatkṛtvopadadhāti
'The Rishi Vasishtha,'--the Rishi Vasishtha, doubtless, is the breath: inasmuch as it is the chief (thing) therefore it is Vasishtha (the most excellent); or inasmuch as it abides (with living beings) as the best abider (vastri), therefore also it is Vasishtha.--'By thee, taken by Pragâpati,'--that is, 'by thee, created by Pragâpati,'--'I take breath for my descendants (and people)!'--therewith he introduced the breath from the front. Separately he lays down (these ten bricks): what separate desires there are in the breath, those he thereby lays into it. Only once he settles them: he thereby makes it one breath; but were he to settle them each separately, he assuredly would cut the' breath asunder. This brick is trivrit (threefold): the formula, the settling, and the sûdadohas, that is threefold, and threefold is Agni,--as great as Agni is, as great as is his measure, so much he lays down (on the altar) by so dying.
8.1.1.7
atha dakṣiṇataḥ | ayaṃ dakṣiṇā viśvakarmetyayaṃ vai vāyurviśvakarmā yo 'yam pavata eṣa hīdaṃ sarvaṃ karoti tadyattamāha dakṣiṇeti tasmādeṣa dakṣiṇaiva bhūyiṣṭhaṃ vāti mano ha vāyurbhūtvā dakṣiṇatastasthau tadeva tadrūpamupadadhāti
And on the right (south) side with (Vâg. S. XIII, 55), 'This one on the right, the all-worker,'--the all-worker (visvakarman), doubtless, is this Vâyu (the wind) who blows here, for it is he that makes everything here; and because he speaks of him as (being) 'on the right,' therefore it is in the south that he blows most. Vâyu, indeed, having become the mind, remained in the right side (of the body): it is that form (part) he now bestows (on Agni).
8.1.1.8
tasya mano vaiśvakarmaṇamiti | manastasmādrūpādvāyorniramimīta grīṣmo mānasa iti grīṣmamṛtum manaso niramimīta triṣṭubgraiṣmīti triṣṭubhaṃ cando grīṣmādṛtorniramimīta triṣṭubhaḥ svāramiti triṣṭubhaścandasaḥ svāraṃ sāma niramimīta svārādantaryāma iti svārātsāmno 'ntaryāmaṃ grahaṃ niramimītāntaryāmātpañcadaśa ityantaryāmādgrahātpañcadaśaṃ stomaṃ niramimīta pañcadaśādbṛhaditi pañcadaśātstomādbṛhatpṛṣṭhaṃ niramimīta
'His, the all-worker's child, the Mind,'--from out of that (all-working) form, the wind, he fashioned the mind;--'the summer, the son of the mind,'--from out of the mind he fashioned the summer season;--'the Trishtubh, the daughter of Summer,'--from out of the summer season he fashioned the Trishtubh metre;--'from the Trishtubh the Svâra tune,'--from out of the Trishtubh metre he created the Svâra hymn-tune;--'from the Svâra the Antaryâma,'--from out of the Svâra-sâman he fashioned the Antaryâma-graha;--'from the Antaryâma the Pañkadasa,'--from out of the Antaryâma-cup he fashioned the fifteen-versed hymn-form;--'from the Pañkadasa the Brihat,'--from out of the Pañkadasa-stoma he fashioned the Brihat-prishtha.
8.1.1.9
bharadvāja ṛṣiriti | mano vai bharadvāja ṛṣirannaṃ vājo yo vai mano bibharti so 'nnaṃ vājam bharati tasmānmano bharadvāja ṛṣiḥ prajāpatigṛhītayā tvayeti prajāpatisṛṣṭayā tvayetyetanmano gṛhṇāmi prajābhya iti mano dakṣiṇataḥ prāpādayata nānopadadhāti ye nānākāmā manasi tāṃstaddadhāti sakṛtsādayatyekaṃ tanmanaḥ karotyatha yannānā sādayenmano ha vicindyātsaiṣā trivṛdiṣṭakā tasyokto bandhuḥ
'The Rishi Bharadvâga,'--the Rishi Bharadvâga, doubtless, is the mind;--'vâga' means 'food,' and he who possesses a mind, possesses (bharati) food, 'vâga;' therefore the Rishi Bharadvâga is the mind.--'By thee, taken by Pragâpati,'--that is, 'by thee, created by Pragâpati;'--'I take the mind for my descendants!'--therewith he introduced the mind from the right side. Separately he lays down (these ten bricks): what separate desires there are in the mind, those he thereby lays into it. Only once he settles them: he thereby makes it one mind; but were he to settle them each separately, he assuredly would cut asunder the mind. This brick is threefold: the meaning of this has been explained.
Translations (1)
- The Satapatha-Brahmana according to the Text of the Mâdhyandina School (SBE 12, 26, 41, 43, 44) — Julius Eggeling 1882, English
Commentaries (1)
- Śatapathabrāhmaṇabhāṣya (Sāyaṇa) — Sāyaṇa, Sanskrit
Linked texts (5)
- A Vedic Concordance — Maurice Bloomfield, English
- Citikāṇḍa — Sanskrit
- Altindische Grammatik — Jacob Wackernagel & Albert Debrunner, German
- Social and Rural Economy of Northern India, cir. 600 B.C.–200 A.D. — Atindranath Bose, English
- State and Government in Ancient India — A. S. Altekar, English