Chāndogya Upaniṣad 2.8.1

2.8.1

atha saptavidhasya \
vāci saptavidh.am sāmopāsīta \
yat kiṃca vāco hum iti sa (S )kāraḥ \
yat preti sa prastāvaḥ \
yad eti sa ādiḥ \\208.1\

1. Now for the sevenfold.— In speech one should reverence a sevenfold Sāman. Whatsoever of speech is *hum*—that is a Hiṅkāra (Preliminary Vocalizing). Whatsoever is *pra*—that is a Prastāva (Introductory Praise). Whatsoever is *ā*—that is an Ādi (Beginning). 2. Whatsoever is *ud*—that is an Udgītha (Loud Chant). Whatsoever is *prati*—that is a Pratihāra (Response). Whatsoever is *upa*—that is an Upadrava (Approach to the End). Whatsoever is *ni*—that is a Nidhana (Conclusion). 3. Speech yields milk—that is, the milk of speech itself—for him, he becomes rich in food, an eater of food, who, knowing this thus, reverences a sevenfold Sāman in speech.