Kena Upanishad 2.2

Kenaprakāśikā (Raṅgarāmānuja) 2.2

Language: Sanskrit

2.2

draḍhayati yadi manyasa iti |
ahaṃ brahmasvarūpaṃ suveda - suspaṣṭaṃ jānāmi iti yadi manyase tarhi tvayā brahmasvarūpaṃ paricchitramevāvagataṃ syāt ityāha - dabhramevāpi nūnam | dabhrameva tat- alpameva tat | asya brahmaṇorūpaṃ yadiha loke tvaṃ vettha, yaccāsya rūpaṃ deveṣu vā tvaṃ vettha, tadubhayaṃ dabhrameva ityanvayaḥ |
ayaṃ bhāvaḥ - yat suspaṣṭaṃ pratīyate tena paricchitrena bhāvyam, na hi aparicchitre vastu karatalāmalakavat1 sākalayena suspaṣṭaṃ pratīyeta tadbihmasvarupaṃ suveda iti vadatā tvayā paricchitramiha vā devaṣu vā avadhṛtaṃ syāt; hanta! paricchitrameva tvayā avadhṛtam, tadbrahma tvayā nāvadhṛtameva iti |
atha - itaḥparam, te - tvayā mīmāṃsyameva brahmasvarūpamiti śeṣaḥ | brahmasvarupaṃ na samyagavadhṛtam, punarvicāryam iti bhāvaḥ | evamuktaḥ śiṣyaḥ qiñcit vicārya āha - manye viditam iti |
nāhaṃ manye suvedeti no na vede1 ti veda ca ||
yo nastadveda tadveda no na vedeti veda ca ||

2.2.p1

[ śiṣyasya brahmasvarūpajñānam ]

2.2.p2

pra.dī. - tvayā kathaṃ viditam ityatrāha śiṣyaḥ nāhaṃ manya iti ahaṃ brahma suveda iti - samyagveda ityapi na manye , no na veda iti na veda ityapi manya, veda ca - cakāraḥ, tvarthakaḥ | apitu vedaiva manye | anena sarvājñātṛtvaṃ nāsti, kiñcittṛtvamasti ityarthaḥ | naḥ - asmākaṃ brahmacāriṇāṃ madhye maduktaṃ, no na veda - veda ca iti | tat - arthatattvaṃ yo veda saḥ tat -brahma veda ityarthaḥ | pra.- kathamityatrāha - nāhaṃ manye suvedeti no na vedeti veda ca | aham - samgveda ityapi na manye ; na vedetyapi na | apitu vedaiva | tataśca 2kārtsnyena jñātatvamajñātatvañca1 nāsti; kiñcitjñātavyamastītyarthaḥ2 | yo nastadvada tadvada no na vedeti veda ca 3 naḥ4 - asmākaṃ brahmacāriṇāṃ madhye tat - no na vedeti veda ca iti nirdiṣṭaṃ tat arthatatvaṃ yo veda, saḥ tadbrahma veda ityarthaḥ |

2.2.p3

ā.bhā. - nanu mamājñasya śiṣyasya sākalyena brahmasvarūpajñānābhāve'pi guruvaryasya bhavatastu sagyagjñānitvaṃ syādeva; samyagjñānitvena viśruto hi bhavān , ityākāṅkṣāyāmāha guruḥ - nāhaṃ manye iti |

2.2.p4

[ guroḥ brahmasvarūpajñānam ]

2.2.p5

suveda - samyagjānāti brahmasvarūpam ayamācārya iti lokāḥ vadanti; ato'haṃ tathā viśrutaḥ, aham - ācāryastu suvedeti - samyak jānāmi iti na manye - samyakjñānitvābhimānaṃ na karomi | tarhi bhavānapi sarvathā na vetti kim ? ityatrāha no na vedeti, na veda - na jānāmi iti na; kintu veda - jānāmyeva, | anantatvāt sākalyena na jānāmi; tathāpi gurūpadiṣṭarūpeṇa tu jānāmyeva iti bhāvaḥ |

2.2.p6

naḥ yaḥ tadveda saḥ no tadveda iti yojanā; iti, vadati iti padadvayamadhyāhṛtya yojanīyam | tathā ca naḥ brahmajñānitvena viśrutānāmasmākaṃ madhye yaḥ - ko'pi ācāryaḥ tat - brahmasvarūpaṃ veda -

2.2.p7

kārtsnyena ahaṃ jānāmi iti vadati, saḥ tādṛgjñānābhimānī no - naiva tat bahmasvarūpaṃ veda - jānāti ityarthaḥ | brahmasvarūpasya, sākalyena jñānābhimānī asmādṛśaviśruto'pi, naiva samyak jānāti iti bhāvaḥ -

2.2.p8

yaśca na vedeti vadati sa veda iti yojanā | tathā ca yaḥ na veda- brahmasvarūpaṃ sākalyena na jānāmi iti vadati sa veda - jānāti samyak | brahmasvarūpasya sākalyenājñeyasvabhāvatayā ahaṃ sākalyena na jānāmi aham iti jñānavāneva samyak jñānavān; brahmaṇaḥ aparicchinnatvasya tena jñātatvāt | ahaṃ samyak jānāmi iti jñānavāṃstu paricchinnatveva brahmaṇo jñātavān, ataḥ sa na samyagjñānīti bhāvaḥ |

2.2.p9

itthameva brahmaṇo guṇānāmavijñāne | yaḥ sākalyena brahmaguṇān jānāmīti manyate, sa na samyagjñānī; tadguṇānām anantatvena sākalyena jñātum anarhatvāt | brahmaguṇān (yaḥ) sākalyena na jānāmīti manyate, sa eva tadguṇavijñānī aparicchinnatvena tattadguṇajñānāt iiti bodhyam

2.2.p10

[ śiṣyeṇa jñātabrahmasvarūpaprakāraḥ ]

2.2.p11

su.- viditaṃ tadevāha - nāham ityādi | ahaṃ suveda iti yadi manye, tadā mayā avagataṃ dabhrameva syāt, nāhaṃ manye tathā ityāha - suvedeti nāhaṃ manye - ahaṃ samyagjānāmi iti na manye | kiṃ tarhi jānāsi ityatrāha - na vedeti na - jānāmi ityapi na | kintu veda ca - jānāmyeva | aparicchinnatvāt kārtsnyena na jñātam ; yathopadiṣṭaṃ tu jñātam iti bhāvaḥ |

2.2.p12

evaṃ śiṣyaḥ svenāvagataprakāramuktvā atha asmākaṃ sabrahmacāriṇāṃ madhye anyo'pi yadi madavagataprakāreṇa vidyāt , sa eva tadbrahma vidyādityāha - yo na iti | no na vedeti veda ca iti svoktavacanānukaraṇam ; itīti śeṣaḥ, tat ityatra anvayaḥ | no na vedeti veda ca iti mayoktaṃ tadvacanam ityarthaḥ | naḥ - asmākaṃ madhye, yo veda , sa tat brahmasvarūpaṃ veda | etena gṛhītārthe dṛḍhaniścayo vyañjitaḥ |

2.2.p13

yasyāmataṃ tasya mataṃ mataṃ yasya na veda saḥ ||

2.2.p14

avijñātaṃ vijānatāṃ vijñātamavijānatām || 3 | |

2.2.p15

[ ācāryaśiṣyasaṃvādaniṣpannārthaḥ ]

2.2.p16

pra.dī. - evaṃ śiṣyācāryasaṃvādāt pariniṣpannam arthamāha śrutiḥ | yasya- brahmavidaḥ, paraṃ brahma amatam - aparicchinnatvena durjñeyam iti sammatam, tasya - jñāninaḥ matam - samyagjñātam ityabhiprāyaḥ | yasya - aviduṣaḥ brahma paricchinnatvena matam - jñātam iti sammatam saḥ - avidvān na veda - brahma na vijānāti | vijānatām - brahma etāvat iti paricchedajñānavatām avijñātam - brahma avijñātaṃ bhavati | vijñātamavijānatām - brahma aparicchinnam i ti jñātavatāṃ vijñātam - viśeṣataḥ jñātaṃ bhavati | ityarthaḥ |

2.2.p17

[ brahmaṇaḥ kṛtsnajñānamānināmajñatvam ]

2.2.p18

pra.- yasyāmataṃ tasya mataṃ mataṃ yasya na veda saḥ | yaḥ (yastu) paricchinnatvena brahma na manute, sa brahma manute | yastu paricchinnatvena brahma manute, sa tu na jānāti ityarthaḥ | avijñātaṃ vijānatāṃ vijñātamavijānatām - brahma etāvat iti paricchedajñānavatāṃ brahmā'vijñātaṃ bhavati; paricchinnatvajñānaśūnyānāṃ brahma vijñātaṃ bhavati ityarthaḥ |

2.2.p19

uktañca bhagavatā bhāṣyakṛtā - yato vāco nivartante, aprāpya manasā saha

2.2.p20

(tai.u.ā.9) iti brahmaṇo'nantasya aparimitaguṇasya vāṅmanasayoḥ etāvat iti paricchedāyogyatvaśravaṇena brahma etāvat iti brahmaparicchedajñānavatāṃ brahma avijñātam amatam ityuktam; aparicchinnatvāt brahmaṇaḥ | anyathā yasyāmataṃ tasya matam , vijñātamavijānatām iti tatraiva matatva - vijñātatvavacanaṃ viruddhyeta iti | tataśca avijñātatvādivacanaṃ1 kārtsnyena jñānāviṣayatvaparam; na tu sarvātmanā brahmaṇaḥ jñānāgocaratvaparam iti2 draṣṭavyam | tathāhi sati, brahmavidāpnoti param (tai. u.ā.1), tameva viditvā'timṛtyumeti (śve.u.3.8) ityādi śāstrāṇām3 asaṅgatārthakatvaprasaṅgāt4 , vedāntānāṃ5 nairarthakyaprasaṅgācca |

2.2.p21

ā.bhā. -evaṃ dvitīyamantrasya uttarārdhena yo nastadveda ityādinā brahmasvarūpasya sākalyena śravaṇarūpajñānāgocaratvam upapāditam | saṃprati manananididhyāsanagocaratvamapi sākalyena tasya nāsti iti vadati - yasyāmatam iti |

2.2.p22

[ brahmaṇaḥ manananididhyāsanāgocaratvam ]

2.2.p23

yasya - janasya, brahma mayā amatam - sākalyena na mananaviṣayīkṛtam iti buddhirasti tasya jñāninaḥ kṛte, brahma matam - mananaviṣayīkṛtameva vicāritameva iti yāvat; brahmaṇo'nantatvasya tena avadhāraṇāt | yasya tu brahma mayā matam - sākalyena mananagocarīkṛtaṃ, vicāritam iti yāvat, iti buddhiḥ asti sa janaḥ na veda na brahmaviṣayakamananavān ; brahmaṇo'paricchinnatvasya tenājñātatvāt | tathā vijānatāṃ brahma mayā samyak nididhyāsitaṃ sākṣātkṛtam iti yāvat iti viśeṣeṇa jñānābhimānināṃ kṛte avijñātaṃ brahma na samyak sākṣātkṛtam ityarthaḥ | brahmaṇo'paricchinnatvena samyak sākṣātkārānarhatvāt | avijānatām - brahma mayā na samyak sākṣātkṛtam ityevaṃ jñānavatāṃ kṛte tu brahma vijñāta meva samyak sākṣākṛtameva; brahmaṇo'paricchinnatvasya taiḥ parijñātatvāt| evaṃ brahmaguṇānāmapi sākalyena manananididhyāsanāgocaratvam ākalanīyam1 ; teṣāmapi anantatvāt |

2.2.p24

su - guruśiṣyasamādhito viramya śrutiḥ svena rūpeṇāha ḥ yasyāmatam iti | yasyāmatam - yasya buddhyā brahma sākalyena amatam , yaḥ sākalyena brahmasvarūpaṃ na jānāmīti manyata iti yāvat | tasya brahma matam - tena jñātamiti yāvat | yasya matam - yasya buddhyā sākalyena matam, aśeṣato brahma jānāmīti yo manyata ityetat | na veda saḥ | vijānatām - viśeṣato jānatām, brahmāhaṃ samyagjānāmi iti manyamānānām | avijñātam brahmasvarūpam | avijānatām | vijānadbhyo'nye avijānantaḥ; kārtsnyena na jānāmīti manyamānānām ityarthaḥ | vijñātam brahmasvarūpam | parokṣāparokṣajñānabhedena apaunaruktyam2 |

2.2.p25

yadvā - vijānatām - śāstrato yathā'vasthitaṃ brahmasvarūpaṃ ye

2.2.p26

jānanti, teṣāṃ buddhyā brahma avijñātam, te brahmasvarūpaṃ kārtsnyena na jānīma ityeva manyanta iti bhāvaḥ | avijānatām -yathāvasthitaṃ brahma śāstrato ye na jānanti, teṣāṃ buddhayā brahma vijñātam, te idameva brahma mayā'vagataṃ samyak iti manyanta iti bhāvaḥ |

2.2.p27

sarvātmanā vedyatā'tra brahmaṇo na niṣiddhyate |

2.2.p28

atraiva matamityuktaṃ viruddhyeta tathā sati ||

2.2.p29

sarvathā tadavedyaṃ cet tucchameva bhavettadā |

2.2.p30

pravṛttirapi śāstrāṇāṃ naiva tasminghaṭeta ca ||

2.2.p31

pratibodhaviditamamṛtamamṛtatvaṃ hi vindate |

2.2.p32

ātmanā vindate vīryaṃ vidyayā vindate'mṛtam || 4 | |

2.2.p33

[ amṛtatvaprāptiprakāraḥ ]

2.2.p34

pra.dī. - punaśca viśinaṣṭi śrutiḥ - pratibodhaviditam iti | pratiniyato bodhaḥ- pratibodhaḥ, satyaṃ jñānamanantam (tai.u.ā.1.1) iti pratipadoktāsādhāraṇadharmaviśiṣṭatvena viditam - jñātam amṛtam amṛtasvarūpaṃ brahma, kartṛ; svopāsakasya iti adhyāhāryamḥ amṛtatvam - amṛtasvarūpatvaṃ , hi iti prasiddhau vindate - lambhayati prāpayati; antarbhāvitaṇijantaḥ1 ayaṃ dhātuḥ; lambhanaprakāramāha ātmanā - paramātmanā, vīryaṃ vindate - brahmavidyotpattyanukūlaṃ sāmarthyaṃ labhate, vidyayā - brahmavidyayā, amṛtam - mokṣaṃ, vindate - labhata ityarthaḥ |

2.2.p35

[ amṛtatvaprāptiprakāraḥ ] pra. - pratibodhaviditamamṛtamamṛtatvaṃ hi vindate | pratiniyato bodhaḥ pratibodhaḥ | satyatvajñānatva - anantatvādirūpāsādhāraṇadharmaviśiṣṭatayā jñātam amṛtam - brahmasvarūpaṃ, tatkratunyāyena svopāsakasyāpyamṛtatvaṃ vindate - lambhayati ityarthaḥ | antarbhāvitaṇyarthaḥ ayaṃ vididhātuḥ | lambhanaprakāramevāha - ātmanā vindate vīryaṃ3 vidyayā vindate'mṛtam | sa no devaḥ śubhayā smṛtyā4 saṃyunaktu (tai.nā. 84) ityuktarītyā vidyāniṣpattyanukūlaṃ vīryaṃ prasannena5 paramātmanā labhate prasannaparamātmā''hitavīryārjitayā vidyayā amṛtatvam aśnuta ityarthaḥ |

2.2.p36

[ mokṣasiddhiprakāraḥ ]

2.2.p37

ā.bhā.- nanu brahmasvarūpaṃ yadi sākalyena viditaṃ na syāt, tadā mokṣa eva na siddhyet, iti śaṅkamānaṃ śiṣyaṃ prati vadati guruḥ pratibodhaviditam iti |

2.2.p38

atra mantre śrutam iti śabdo'dhyāhāryaḥ ; manananididhyāsanabodhakaśabda- sāmarthyāt | tataḥ yena puṃsā vidhivadabhigatagurumukhāt brahma śrutaṃ satyatva - jñānatva - anantatvādibhiḥ brahmetarā'sādhāraṇaiḥ dharmaiḥ brahmaviṣayakaśrāvaṇajñānaṃ kṛtam, tadanantaraṃ matam - upapattiyojanayā gurusabrahmacāri1 saṃvādena, śaṅkādivyāvṛttyai (brahma) mananātmakajñānaviṣayīkṛtam; tadanantaraṃ pratibodhaviditam pratibodhaḥ - nididhyāsanam, upāsanā vā; tena viditam - sākṣātkṛtaṃ brahma,sa pumān hi niścayena amṛtatvam - mokṣaṃ vindate - prāpnoti | sākalyena ajñāne'pi śravaṇamanananididhyāsanena2 brahmaṇaḥ yogyaikadeśasākṣātkāre'pi mokṣalābho bhavati ; ato he śiṣya! na tvayā udvignena3 bhāvyam iti gurorāśayaḥ |

2.2.p39

ātmanā - dhṛttyā vīryaṃ - mano'vadhānarūpaṃ vidyāniṣpattijanakaṃ balaṃ vindate - labhate | tena ca niṣpannayā vidyayā - upāsanārūpayā bhaktyā amṛtam - paramātmasvarūpaṃ vindate - paśyati - sākṣātkaroti ityarthaḥ |

2.2.p40

dhṛtyā manaḥ samādhāya, vidyāniṣpattidvārā brahmasākṣātkāro bhavati | tataśca mokṣasiddhirbhavati iti kramo'tra śiṣyamanaḥsamādhānāya pradarśitaḥ kṛpālunā ācāryeṇa |

2.2.p41

yadvā budhyate iti bodhaḥ - vedyaṃ vastu | bodhe bodhe iti pratibodham ; pratibodhaṃ viditam iti pratibodhaviditam | yadyat vedyaṃ vastu tatra tatra antaryāmitayā vartamānaṃ brahmāsti iti yena viditam, tena brahma samyagavadhāritam; saḥ pumān amṛtattvaṃ vindate - mokṣaṃ labhate ityarthaḥ kāryaḥ | agrimamantrottarārdhena upodbalitaśca4 ayamartha iti bodhyam |

2.2.p42

[ prakārāntareṇa brahmasvarūpajñānam ]

2.2.p43

su - brahmaṇaḥ sākalyena avedyatve tadvedanaṃ katham? kathaṃ vā mokṣasiddhiḥ? tatrāha - pratibodha iti | yadyapi brahma sākalyena na jñātuṃ yogyam; tathāpi pratibodhato viditaṃ cenmataṃ bhavati | budhyate aneneti bodhaḥ bodhakadharmaḥ, pratiniyato bodhaḥ pratibodhaḥ - asādhāraṇadharmaḥ, sa ca satyatva - jñānatva - anantatvādiḥ; taiḥ asādhāraṇākāraiḥ svetaranikhilavilakṣaṇatvena viditaṃ cettadā tadbrahmasvarūpam matameva - jñātameva | amṛtatvaṃ vindate - mokṣaṃ prāpnoti | yena pratibodhaviditaṃ tena matam; so'mṛtatvaṃ vindata ityanvayaḥ |

2.2.p44

[ amṛtatvaprāptikāraḥ ]

2.2.p45

amṛtatvaprāptiprakāramāha - ātmanā iti | ātmanā - prasannena paramātmanā, vīryam - vidyāniṣpattyanukūlaṃ mano'vadhānarūpaṃ1 vīryaṃ vindate | yadvā - ātmanā - manasā ityarthaḥ | manaḥkṛtaṃ vīryam, praṇidhānasāmarthyam2

Linked texts (1)

Kenopaniṣad — Sanskrit