Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad 3.2

Muṇḍakaprakāśikā (Raṅgarāmānuja) 3.2

Language: Sanskrit

3.2

[ īśvaramāhātmyajñānavataḥ muktinirūpaṇam ]
samāne vṛkṣe puruṣo nimagno'nīśayā śocati muhyamānaḥ | juṣṭaṃ yadā paśyatyanyamīśamasya mahimānamiti vītaśokaḥ ||

pra.dī. - ekadehasthitajīveśvarasvarūpaṃ nirūpya atra īśvaraṃ tanmahimānaṃ ca vijānato jīvasya vaibhavamāha - samāne vṛkṣe iti | samāne - ekasmin , vṛkṣe - vṛkṣavat chedyamāne śarīre vidyamānaḥ puruṣaḥ - jīvaḥ, anīśayā - bhogyabhūtayā prakṛtyā muhyamānaḥ sthūlo'haṃ kṛśo'haṃ devo'haṃ manuṣyo'ham iti mohaṃ prāptaḥ san śocatti - duḥkhamāpnoti | yadā - yatkāle, śokāviṣṭo jīvaḥ

3.2.p2

anyaṃ - 1svoddhāraṇā1samarthasaṃsārasamudra2nimagna2svasmādvilakṣaṇaṃ akhilacetanoddhāraṇasamartham īśam - bhagavantaṃ asya - bhagavataḥ juṣṭam - āśrayaṇasaukaryāpādakāśritakāryā- pādakatvādidharmayuktaṃ mahimānaṃ - sāmarthyaṃ ca, iti paśyati - evaṃ prakāreṇa paśyati - śāstrataḥ gurumukhataḥ svānubhavataḥ sākṣātkaroti ityarthaḥ tadā vītaśoko bhavati - duḥkharahito bhavati mokṣamāpnotīti yāvat ||

3.2.p3

pra. - samāne vṛkṣe iti | anīśayā - bhogyabhūtayā prakṛtyā muhyamānaḥ parābhidhyānāttu tirohitaṃ tato hyasya bandhaviparyayau (bra.sū. 3-2-4) dehayogādvā so'pi (bra.sū. 3-2-5) ityuktanyāyena tirohita 1paramātmaśeṣatvajñānānanda- lakṣaṇasvasvarūpaḥ1 san 2vṛkṣe - vṛkṣavat2chedanārhe ekasmin śarīre jīvaḥ sthūlo'haṃ kṛśo'ham ittyādi tādātmyabuddhyā pāṃsūdakavat tadekatāmāpannaḥ san tatsaṃsargakṛtāni duḥkhāni anubhavatītyarthaḥ | juṣṭaṃ yadā paśyatīti | itiśabdo buddhisthaprakāravacanaḥ | caśabdaśca adhyāhartavyaḥ | yadā'sau jīvo nimagnāt svasmāt dhārakatvaniyantṛtvaśeṣitvādinā vilakṣaṇaṃ juṣṭaṃ - svakarmabhiḥ prītaṃ paramātmānam , akhila3jagadīśana3lakṣaṇamasya mahimānaṃ ca yadā paśyati - tadā vītaśoko bhavatītyarthaḥ | kecittu - anīśayā - anīśatvena asamarthatvenetyarthaḥ | laukiko'pi hi paṅkādau nimagnaḥ paṅkādisaṃbandhena muhyamānaḥ - svayaṃnirgamanāsamarthatvena śocan svoddharaṇasamarthaṃ svayaṃ paṅkādāvanimagnaṃ svasmin prītimattvena suhṛdbhūtam , tasyoddharaṇasāmarthyaṃ ca dṛṣṭvā vītaśoko bhavati tatsamādhiratrānusandheyaḥ | na ca asmin pakṣe anīśayā bhogyabhūtayā prakṛtyā (1-3-4) iti bhāṣyavirodha iti śaṅkanīyam | bhogyabhūtayetyasya anīśayetyeta- dvivaraṇarūpatvābhāvāt | tasya sāmarthyalabdhārthānuvādarūpatvāt - iti vadanti |

3.2.p4

nanu kathaṃ dvāsuparṇeti mantrasya jīvaparamātmaparatvam | antaḥkaraṇajīvaparo hyayaṃ mantraḥ | paiṅgirahasyabrāhmaṇe'sya mantrasya tathā vyākhyātatvāt | tathā hi tayoranyaḥ pippalaṃ svādvattīti sattvam | anaśnannanyo 4abhicākaśīti4 iti jñaḥ 5tāvetau5 sattvakṣetrajñau ityatra svādvattītyetadantasya vākyasya sattvaparatvam , anaśnannityādeḥ kṣetrajñaparatvaṃ ca pratīyate | na ca sattvakṣetrajñaśabdau jīvaparamātmaparau iti vācyam - tayoḥ śabdayoḥ antaḥkaraṇajīvaparatayā prasiddhatvāt | tadetat sattvam | yena svapnaṃ paśyati atha yo'yaṃ śārīra upadraṣṭā, sa kṣetrajñaḥ | tāvetau sattvakṣetrajñau iti sattvakṣetrajñaśabdayorantaḥkaraṇajīvaśabdābhyāṃ paiṅgiśrutyaiva vyākhyātatvācca | yena paśyatīti karaṇatvapratīteḥ sattvaṃ hyantaḥkaraṇam ; svapnadraṣṭṛtvācca kṣetrajño 1jīvaḥ1 | ato'yaṃ mantro'ntaḥkaraṇajīvaparaḥ iticet -

3.2.p5

2na tāvat2 jīvaparamātmaparatvamasya mantrasya apavadituṃ 3śakyate3 | anena mantreṇa tulyārthatayā pratyabhijñāyamāne samāne vṛkṣe puruṣo nimagnaḥ ityanantare mantre jīvaparayoḥ pratipannattvāt | asya mantrasya tadaikārthyācca | samānaṃ vṛkṣaṃ pariṣasvajāte, samāne vṛkṣe puruṣo nimagnaḥ iti tayoraikārthyaṃ hi pratīyate | samāne vṛkṣe iti mantre ca puruṣo jīvaḥ | antaḥ karaṇasya puruṣaśabdavācyatvābhāvāt | śocati muhyamānaḥ paśyati vītaśokaḥ iti padānāmasvārasyaprasaṅgācca, anyaśca paramātmā ; īśaśabdoktatvāt ; svaviṣayajñānena vītaśokatvahetutvācca | na kevalamanantara- mantraikārthyāt dvā suparṇeti mantrasya jīvaparamātmaparatvam ; kiṃtu svavākye svādvatti,

3.2.p6

anaśnannanyaḥ iti bhoktṛtvābhoktṛtvaśravaṇācca tadavasīyate | cakṣuśśretrādīnāṃ draṣṭṛtvaśrotṛtvādivat

3.2.p7

antaḥkaraṇasyāpi karaṇatvādeva bhoktṛtvaṃ hi na saṃbhavati | jīvasya ca vṛkṣaśabdoktadehapariṣvaṅgadaśāyāmeva anaśnattvamapi nopapadyate ||

3.2.p8

tarhi paiṅgiśruteḥ ko'rthaḥ | ucyate, sattvaṃ baddhajīvaḥ | dvavyāsu vyavasāyeṣu satvamastrī tu jantuṣu (a.ko. 3-3-213) iti nāmānuśāsanāt jantuparattvāvagateḥ | jantuśca cetanaḥ | prāṇī tu cetano janmī janturjanyaśarīriṇaḥ (a.ko. 1-4-30) iti nāmapāṭhāt | vanyān vineṣyaniva duṣṭasattvān (raghu. 2-8) iti prayogāt -

3.2.p9

na tadasti pṛthivyāṃ vā divi deveṣu vā punaḥ |

3.2.p10

sattvaṃ prakṛtijairmuktaṃ yadebhiḥ syāt tribhirguṇaiḥ || (bha.gī. 18-40) iti darśanācca | kṣetrajñaśabdaścātra paramātmaparaḥ | 4arthāntaraprasiddhākāśa4 prāṇādiśabdavat arthānupapattyā paramātmaparatvopapatteḥ | viṣṇornāmasahasraṃ me (mahā.bhā.śāṃ. 149-12) ityupakramya, kṣetrajño'kṣara eva ca (mahā.bhā.śāṃ. 149-15) iti 1paramātmani prayogāt1 | kṣetraṃ jānātīti avayavārthasya tasminneva puṣkalatvācca ||

3.2.p11

mokṣadharme -

3.2.p12

tatastraiguṇyahīnāste paramātmānamañjasā |

3.2.p13

praviśanti dvijaśreṣṭha ! kṣetrajñaṃ nirguṇātmakam ||

3.2.p14

sarvāvāsaṃ vāsudevaṃ kṣetrajñaṃ viddhi tattvataḥ |

3.2.p15

(mahā.bhā.śāṃ.332-16,17)

3.2.p16

iti tatraiva -

3.2.p17

viśvamūrdhā viśvabhujo viśvapādākṣināsikaḥ |

3.2.p18

ekaścarati kṣetreṣu svairacārī yathāsukham ||

3.2.p19

kṣetrāṇi ca śarīrāṇi jñānāni ca śubhāśubhe |

3.2.p20

tāni vetti sa yogātmā tataḥ kṣetrajña ucyate ||

3.2.p21

(mahā.bhā.śāṃ.339-5,6)

3.2.p22

iti prayogāt | tatraiva kapilāsurisaṃvāde - jñānānāmāsure 2kṣetre2 kṣetrajño draṣṭā śucirupekṣakaḥ | jñātṛko buddhyamānāpratibuddhayoḥ paramamṛtaṃ viditvā niravayavam anāmayamasmād duḥkhāt vimucyata eva iti buddhyamānāpratibuddhaśabdābhihitayoḥ cidacitoḥ parasya kṣetrajñaśabdenābhidhānāt | tatraiva pañcaviśatitattvāni vargaśabdenoktvā, etasmād vargādapavṛttaḥ apavargadaḥ kṣetrajñaḥ śucirupekṣako buddhyamānāpratibuddhayoḥ 3parastāt3 iti | tatraiva anyadudakam anyat puṣkaraparṇam , tathā'nyat kṣetram anyaḥ puruṣaḥ pañcaviṃśakaḥ anyaścāsmāt kṣetrajñaḥ iti, punaśca tatraiva - evamāsure ! anyaddravyam anyaḥpuruṣaḥ pañcaviṃśatitattvam anyo'smāt kṣetrajñaḥ iti pañcaviṃśāt parasmin kṣetrajñaśabdaprayogāt |

3.2.p23

sanatkumāranāradasaṃvāde ca -

3.2.p24

paśyaḥ paśyati paśyantamapaśyantaṃ ca paśyati |

3.2.p25

paśyantaṃ paśya paśyatvāt paśyāpaśye na paśyataḥ ||

3.2.p26

iti ślokamuktvā prakṛtiṃ kṣetraṃ kṣetrajñaṃ ca aparaḥ kṣetrajñaḥ ṣaḍviṃśako'nupaśyati ; na tu pañcaviṃśakaḥ kṣetrajñaḥ prakṛtirvā paraṃ kṣetrajñaṃ paśyati iti prayogācca | atra hi ātmaśabdavat kṣetrajñaśabdasya jīvaparasādhāraṇasya pañcaviṃśaka - paraśabdaviśeṣitasya jīvaparamātma-

3.2.p27

viṣayatvadarśanācca |

3.2.p28

yo'syātmanaḥ kārayitā taṃ kṣetrajñaṃ pracakṣate |

3.2.p29

yaḥ karoti tu karmāṇi sa bhūtātmeti cocyate || (ma.smṛ.12-12)

3.2.p30

iti mānavaprayogācca |

3.2.p31

yena svapnaṃ paśyati ityatra 1yeneti1 itthaṃbhāve tṛtīyā | yena viśiṣṭaḥ paramātmā svapnaṃ paśyatītyucyate | tataśca kāṭhinyavān yo bibharti (vi.pu.) iti pṛthivīdvārā kāṭhinyavat svapnadraṣṭṛtvam | jīvadvārā paramātmaviśeṣaṇaṃ bhavatīti na virodhaḥ | śārīraśabdaśca tasyaiṣa evaśārīra ātmā (tai.āna. 6) itivat atraiva svavyatiriktasamastacidaciccharīrake paramātmanyupapadyate | upadraṣṭeti nirupādhi- kadraṣṭṛtvaṃ ca tasyaiva upapadyate | evaṃ śārīra upadraṣṭeti padadvayena parasya kṣetrajñaśabdavācyattvamupapāditaṃ bhavati | ato dvā suparṇeti mantro jīvaparamātmaparaḥ || ( śru.pra. 1-3-6)

3.2.p32

kiṃ ca iyadāmananān ityadhikaraṇe - dvāsuparṇā iti mantre bhoktrabhoktroḥ pratipādyatā ; ṛtaṃ pibantau (kaṭha.u. 3-1) ityatra tu bhoktroreva pratipādyatā, pibantāviti śravaṇāt na ca pibantāvityetat chatrinyāyena pibadapibatsamudāya- lakṣakamiti vācyam ; mukhyārthaparityāge kāraṇābhāvāditi pūrvapakṣaṃ kṛtvā ṛtaṃ pibantau dvā suparṇā ityatra ca dvitvasaṃkhyāpratīteraikyaṃ pratīyate | tatra ca dvā suparṇeti mantre tayoranyaḥ pippalaṃ svādvattyanaśnannanyaḥ iti aśanāyādyatītaḥ paramātmā pratīyate | ata eva juṣṭaṃ yadā paśyatyanyamīśam iti vākyaśeṣe paramātmana eva pratipādanaṃ dṛśyate | ṛtaṃ pibantau iti mantre ca anyatra dharmāt (kaṭha.u. 2-14) ityupakrameṇa paramātmanaḥ prakṛtatvāt , yaḥ seturījānānāmakṣaraṃ brahma yat param (kaṭha.u. 3-2) iti paramātmaviṣayavākyaśeṣācca paramātmaiva pratipādyaḥ | ataḥ ṛtaṃ pibantau ityetat chatrinyāyena yojyam | ato vedyābhedāt vidyā'bhedaḥ iti tadīyabhāṣya eva pratipāditatayā tayormantrayoḥ bhinnārthatvasamarthanasya tadviruddhatvāt |

3.2.p33

tasmāt dvā suparṇeti mantraḥ jīvaparamātmapara eva | sattvakṣetrajñaśabdāvapi tatparau ityeva yuktam || prakṛtamanusarāmaḥ ||

3.2.p34

ā.bhā. - samāne - ekasmin | vṛkṣe - vṛkṣatvena rūpite śarīre | nimagnaḥ - dehe tādātmyabhāvamupagataḥ sthūlo'haṃ kṛśo'haṃ ityādi buddhiviśiṣṭaḥ | puruṣaḥ - puri - śarīre śete iti puruṣaḥ - bhoktā jīvaḥ | anīśayā - na īṣṭe ityanīśā - māyā tayā | muhyamānaḥ - svasvarūpe devatvamanuṣyatvādibuddhimupagataḥ avivekīti yāvat śocati - santāpameti | mama putraḥ vinaṣṭaḥ, bhāryā me vikalā, dhanaṃ me'pahṛtaṃ luṇṭākena, kimidānīṃ kuryām ityevaṃ nānāprakārāṃ cintāmāpadyata iti bhāvaḥ | yadā anekajanmopārjitapuṇyaparipākavaśāt paramakā- ruṇikasya kasyāpyācāryasya saṃparkameti tadupadeśataśca sarvaniyāmyatvasarvaśeṣitvā- navadhikātiśayakalyāṇaguṇagaṇākaratvakaruṇāmahodadhitvādidharmaiḥ svavilakṣaṇaṃ cida- ciccharīrakam | anyaṃ - jīvāpekṣayātyantabhinnaṃ īśaṃ - paramātmānam juṣṭam - svakarmabhiḥ prasannatāṃ gatam acāryopadiṣṭena praṇavo dhanuḥ ityupāyena sevitaṃ vā | juṣī prītisevanayoḥ (dhā.pā. 1289) iti dhātuḥ | īśaṃ - paramātmānaṃ asya - parameśvarasya mahimānam - māhātmyam yaḥ sarvajñaḥ sarvavidyasyaiṣa mahimā bhuvīti śrutiproktaṃ sarvaprapañcajñātṛtva sarvāntaryāmitvādikaṃ ca paśyati -

Linked texts (1)

Muṇḍakopaniṣad — Sanskrit