Apastambaparibhashasutra (Āpastambaparibhāṣāsūtra)

1.1

hariḥ om.
āpastambamaharṣipraṇītaṃ
paribhāṣāsūtram.
prathamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ.
yajñaṃ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ

SŪTRA I.
We shall explain the sacrifice.

1.2

sa trayāṇāṃ varṇānāṃ brāhmaṇarājanyayorvaiśyasya ca

SŪTRA II.
The sacrifice is for the three colours or castes (varṇa), for Brāhmaṇas and Rājanyas, also for the Vaiśya.

1.3

sa tribhirvedairvidhīyata ṛgvedayajurvedasāmavedaiḥ

SŪTRA III.
The sacrifice is prescribed by the three Vedas.

SŪTRA IV.
By the Ṛg-veda, the Yajur-veda, the Sāma-veda (is the sacrifice prescribed).

1.4

ṛgvedayajurvedābhyāṃ darśapūrṇamāsau-

SŪTRA V.
The Darśa-pūrṇamāsau, the new and full-moon sacrifices, are prescribed by the Ṛg-veda and the Yajur-veda.

1.5

yajurvedenāgnihotram

SŪTRA VI.
The Agnihotra is prescribed by the Yajur-veda.

1.6

sarvairagniṣṭomaḥ

SŪTRA VII.
The Agniṣṭoma is prescribed by all.

1.7

uccair ṛgvedasāmavedābhyāṃ kriyate

SŪTRA VIII.
With the Ṛg-veda and Sāma-veda the performance takes place with a loud voice (uccaiḥ).

1.8

upāṃśu yajurvedena-

SŪTRA IX.
With the Yajur-veda the performance takes place by murmuring (upāṃśu).

1.9

anyatrāśrutapratyāśrutapravarasaṃvādasaṃpraiṣaiśca

SŪTRA X.
With the exception of addresses, replies, choosing of priests (pravara), dialogues, and commands.

1.10

antarā sāmidhenīṣvanūcyam

SŪTRA XI.
In the Sāmidhenī hymns the recitation is to be between (the high and the low tone).

1.11

mandreṇa prāgājyabhāgābhyām

SŪTRA XII.
Before the Ājyabhāgas (such as the Ājya-portions at the Darśa-pūrṇamāsa), and at the morning Savana (oblation of Soma), the recitation is to be with the soft (mandra) voice.

1.12

prātassavane ca

1.13

madhyamena prāksviṣṭakṛtaḥ

SŪTRA XIII.
Before the Sviṣṭakṛt (at the Darśa-pūrṇamāsa) sacrifice, and at the midday Savana, the recitation is to be with the middle voice.

1.14

mādhyandine ca

1.15

kruṣṭena śeṣe-

SŪTRA XIV.
In the remainder and at the third Savana with the sharp (kruṣṭa) voice[2].

1.16

tṛtīyasavane ca

1.17

vāksaṃdravaśca tadvat-

SŪTRA XV.
The movement of the voice is the same.

1.18

ṛgvedena hotā karoti

SŪTRA XVI.
The Hotṛ-priest performs with the Ṛg-veda.

1.19

yajurvedenādhvaryuḥ

SŪTRA XVIII.
The Adhvaryu-priest with the Yajur-veda.

1.20

sāmavedenodgātā

1.21

sarvairbrahmā

SŪTRA XIX.
The Brahma-priest with all.

1.22

vacanādvipratiṣedhādvā'nyaḥ kuryāt

SŪTRA XX.
When it is expressly said, or when it is rendered impossible, another priest also may act.

1.23

brāhmaṇānāmārtvijyam

SŪTRA XXI.
The priestly office (ārtvijya) belongs to the Brāhmaṇas.

1.24

sarvakratūnāmagrayassakṛdāhitāḥ

SŪTRA XXII.
For all sacrifices the fires are laid once.

1.25

juhotīti codyamāne sarpirājyaṃ pratīyāt

SŪTRA XXIII.
If it is said, juhoti, 'he sacrifices,' it should be known that sarpir ājya, melted butter, is meant.

1.26

adhvaryuṃ karttāram

SŪTRA XXIV.
If it is said, juhoti, it should be known that the Adhvaryu is meant as performer.

1.27

juhūṃ pātram

SŪTRA XXV.
Likewise, the spoon (juhū) as the vessel.

1.28

vyāpṛtāyāṃ sruveṇa-

SŪTRA XXVI.
If the juhū has been elsewhere employed, let it be done with a ladle (sruva).

1.29

āhavanīye pradānam

SŪTRA XXVII.
The offering is made in the Āhavanīya fire.

1.30

ādhānaprabhṛti
yāvajjīvaṃ pātrāṇi dhāryante

SŪTRA XXVIII.
The sacrificial vessels are kept from the first laying of the fires (ādhāna) for the whole life.

1.31

teṣāṃ pratitantraṃ saṃskarāraḥ

SŪTRA XXIX.
At every sacrifice these vessels are to be purified.

1.32

mantrabrāhmaṇe yajñasya pramāṇam

1.33

mantrabrāhmaṇayorvedanāmadheyam

1.34

karmacodanā brāhmaṇāni

1.35

brāhmaṇaśeṣo'rthavādaḥ

1.36

nindā praśaṃsā parakṛtiḥ purākalpaśca

1.37

ato'nye mantrāḥ

1.38

anāmnātāstvamantrāḥ yathā pravarohanāmadheyagrahaṇānīti

1.39

rathaśabdo dundubhiśabdaśca

1.40

svādhyāye'nadhyāyo mantrāṇāṃ na karmaṇyathāntaratvāt

1.41

ekamantrāṇi karmāṇi

1.42

api saṃkhyāyuktaceṣṭāpṛthaktvanirvartīni

1.43

kaṇḍūyanasvapnanadītaraṇāvavarṣaṇāmedhyapratimantraṇeṣu ca tadtkālāvyaveteṣu

1.44

prayāṇe tvarthanivṛtteḥ

1.45

asannipātikarmasu ca tadvat

1.46

haviṣkadadhrigupuronuvākyāmanotasyāvṛttirbhinnakāleṣu

1.47

vacanādekaṃ karma bahumantram-

2.1

dvitīyaḥ khaṇḍaḥ.
mantrāntaiḥ karmādīnsannipātayet

2.2

āghāre dhārāyāṃ cādisaṃyogaḥ

2.3

ādipradiṣṭā mantrāḥ

2.4

uttarasyādinā pūrvasyāvasānaṃ vindyāt

2.5

hotrā yājamāneṣu samuccayaḥ

2.6

vikalpo yājyānuvākyāsu

2.7

saṃkhyāsu ca tadvat

2.8

krayaparikrayasaṃskāreṣu dravyasamucayaḥ

2.9

raudrarākṣasanairṛtapaitṛkacchedanabhedananirasanātmābhimarśanāni ca kṛtvāpa upaspṛśet

2.10

uttarataupacāro vihāraḥ-

2.11

nāgnerapaparyāvarteta

2.12

na vihārāt

2.13

antarāṇi yajñāṅgāni bāhyāḥ katāreḥ

2.14

na mantravatā yajñāṅgenātmānamabhipariharet

2.15

prāgapavargāṇyudagapavargāni vā yajñopavītī pradakṣiṇaṃ daiva़āni karmāṇi karoti

2.16

prācīnāvītī prasavyaṃ dakṣiṇāpavargāni pitryāṇi

2.17

yāni śulbāni samāsaṃ gacchanti prasavyaṃ tānyāveṣṭya pradakṣiṇaṃ samasyet

2.18

atha yāni na samasyante pradakṣiṇaṃ tāni-

2.19

amāvāsyāyāmamāvāsyayā yajeta

2.20

paurṇamāsyāṃ paurṇamāsyā

2.21

yadahaḥ purastāccandramāḥ pūrṇa utsapettattāṃ paurṇamāsīmupavaset

2.22

śvaḥ pūriteti vā

2.23

kharvikāṃ tṛtīyāṃ vājasaneyinassamāmananti

2.24

yadaharnadṛśyate tadaharamāvāsyām

2.25

śro na draṣṭāra iti vā-

2.26

ekaprakaraṇe codyamānāni pradhānāni samānavidhānāni

2.27

prakaraṇena vidhayo badhyante

2.28

anirdeśātsādhāraṇāni

SŪTRA LXXII.
If no special instruction is given (in the Śruti), the acts are general.

2.29

nirdeśādvayavatiṣṭhante

SŪTRA LXXIII.
If a special instruction is given, they are restricted.

2.30

āgneyo'ṣṭākapālo'gnīṣomīya ekādaśakapāla upāṃśuyājaśca
paurṇamāsyāṃ pradhānāni

SŪTRA LXXIV.
The Aṣṭā-kapāla for Agni, the Ekādaśa-kapāla for Agnī-Shomau, and the Upāṃśuyāga (the muttered offering of butter), form the principal acts at the Paurṇamāsī, the full moon.

2.31

tadaṅgaminare homāḥ

SŪTRA LXXV.
The other Homas are Aṅga.

2.32

āgneyo'ṣṭākapāla aindrāgna ekādaśakapālo dvādaśakapālo vā'māvāsyāyāmasomayājinaḥ

SŪTRA LXXVI.
The Aṣṭā-kapāla for Agni, the Ekādaśa-kapāla or Dvādaśa-kapāla for Indra-Agnī, form the principal acts at the Amāvāsyā, the new moon, in the case of one who does not sacrifice with Soma.

2.33

sānnāyyaṃ dvitīyaṃ somayājinaḥ

SŪTRA LXXVII.
In the case of one who sacrifices with Soma, the second principal act is the Sāṃnāyya (both at the full-moon and new-moon sacrifices).

2.34

nāsomayājino brāhmaṇasyāgnīṣomīyaḥ
puroḍāśo vidyate

SŪTRA LXXVIII.
In the case of a Brāhmaṇa, who does not sacrifice with Soma, the Agnīṣomīya cake is omitted.

2.35

naindrāgnassaṃnayato varṇāviśeṣeṇa-

2.36

pitṛyajñaḥ svakālavidhānādanaṅgaṃ syāt

2.37

tulyavacca prasaṃkhyānāt

2.38

pratiṣiddhe ca darśanāt-

2.39

sahāṅgaṃ pradhānam

3.1

deśe kāle kartariti nirdiśyate

3.2

svaśabdaṃ yat

3.3

apūrvo darvīhomaḥ

3.4

juhoticodanaḥ svāhākārapradānaḥ-

3.5

sakṛdgṛhītvā

3.6

āhutigaṇe pratyāhuti gṛhītvā

3.7

na vā samavadyet

3.8

samidabhāvaśca

3.9

agnihotravarjam

3.10

apareṇāgniṃ dakṣiṇaṃ jānvācyānācya
vāsīno darvīhomān juhoti

3.11

vacanādanyathā

3.12

apareṇāhavanīyaṃ dakṣiṇātikramyodagāvṛttassarvā āhutīrjuhoti

3.13

vacanādanyathā

3.14

āśrutapratyāśrute yājyānuvākye avadāneṣu copastaraṇābhidhāraṇe caturgṛhītaṃ vaṣaṭkāraścādarvīhomānām

3.15

vaṣaṭkṛte vaṣaṭkāreṇa vāhutiṣu
sannipātayet

3.16

upayāmena graheṣu

3.17

tayādevateneṣṭakāsu

3.18

puroḍāśagaṇe yathābhāgaṃ vyāvartadhvamityekaikamapacchindyāt

3.19

uttamau yathābhāgaṃ vyāvatethāmiti tayoreva devatopadeśanaṃ karoti

3.20

carupuroḍāśagaṇe
carupuroḍāśīyān prāgadhivapanādvibhajati

3.21

yathādevatamupalakṣayati

3.22

idaṃśabdastantraṃ syāt

3.23

vyatiṣakteṣvapi

3.24

kapālānāmupadhānakāle prathamena kapālamantreṇa carumupadadhāti dhruvosīti mantraṃ saṃnamayati

3.25

piṣṭānāmutpavanakāle taṇḍulānutpunāti

3.26

adhiśrayaṇakāle'dhiśrayaṇamantreṇa taṇḍulānāvapati

3.27

anuddhṛtya
carumāsādayati

3.28

pañcadaśa sāmidhenyo darśapūrṇamāsayoḥ

3.29

saptadaśotkṛṣṭapaśubandhānāṃ yatra śrūyante

3.30

upāṃśukāmyā iṣṭayaḥ kriyanta iti tatra yāvatpradhānamupāṃśu

3.31

darśapūrṇamāsāviṣṭonāṃ prakṛtiḥ

3.32

agnīṣomīyasya ca
paśoḥ

3.33

sa savanīyasya

3.34

savanīya aikādaśinānām

3.35

aikādaśināḥ paśugaṇānām

3.36

vaiśvadevaṃ varuṇapraghāsasākamedhaśunāsīrīyāṇām

3.37

vaiśvadevika ekakapāla ekakapālānām

3.38

vaiśvadevyāmikṣā''mikṣāṇām

3.39

tatra sāmānyādvikāro gamyeta

3.40

ekadevatā āgneyavikārāḥ

3.41

dvidevatā agnīṣomīyavikārāḥ

3.42

bahudevatāśca

3.43

aindrāgnavikārā vā

3.44

anyatra prakṛtidevatābhyo yathaindraḥ puroḍāśassaumyaścaruriti

3.45

havirdevatāsāmānye havirbalīyaḥ

3.46

dravyasaṃskāraviroghe dravyaṃ balīyaḥ

3.47

arthadravyaviroghe'rtho balīyān

3.48

na prakṛtāvūho vidyate

3.49

vikṛtau yathārthamūhò'rthavādavarjam

3.50

paravākyabhavaṇodarthavādaḥ

3.51

śiṣṭābhāve sāmānyātpratinidhiḥ

3.52

taddharmā ca syāt

3.53

mātrāpacāre taccheṣeṇa samāpnuyāt

4.1

svāmino'gnerdevatāyāśśabdātkarmaṇaḥ pratiṣedhācca pratinirdhinivṛttaḥ

4.2

tribhiḥ kāraṇaiḥ prakṛtirnivartata pratyāmnānātpratiṣedhārthalopācca

4.3

agniṣṭoma ekāhānāṃ prakṛtiḥ

4.4

dvādaśāho'hargaṇānām

4.5

gavāmayanaṃ sāṃvatsarikāṇām-

4.6

nikāyināṃ tu prathamaḥ

4.7

agniṣṭoma uttaravediḥ

4.8

uttareṣu kratuṣvabhiranyatra sādyaskrebhyo vājapeyātṣoḍaśinaḥ sārasvatāca satrāt

4.9

kratvādau kratukāmaṃ
kāmayeta

4.10

yajñāṅgādau yajñāṅgakāmam

4.11

alpīyāṃso mantrāḥ bhūyāṃsi karmāṇi tatra samaśaḥ pravibhajya pūrvaiḥ
pūrvāṇi kārayeduttarairuttarāṇi

4.12

alpīyāṃsi karmāṇi
bhūyāṃso mantrāstatra pratimantraṃ kuryādavaśiṣṭā vikalpārthā yathā yūpadravyāṇīti

4.13

antāllopo vivṛddhirvā

4.14

prakṛteḥ pūrvoktatvādapūrvamante syāt

4.15

kumbhīśūlavapāśrapaṇi prabhutvāttantraṃ syāt

4.16

jātibhede tu bhidyeta
paktivaiṣamyāt

4.17

sviṣṭakṛdvikāre vanaspatau yājyāyāṃ
devatānigamāssyuḥ prakṛtyupabandhāt

4.18

anvārambhaṇīyā
vikṛtau na syātprakṛtikālamadhyatvātkṛtā hi tadarthena

4.19

syādvā kālasyāśeṣabhūtatvāt

4.20

ārambhavivibhāgācca

4.21

arthāyārthāyāgniṃ praṇayatyapavṛtte karmaṇi laukikassampadyate yathāsamārūḍhe

4.21.p1.1

śrīhayagrīvāya namaḥ.
āpastambaparibhāṣāsūtrasya
kapardisvāmibhāṣyam,
haradattācāryavṛttiśca.
4. ka—ṛgvedayajurvedābhyāṃ darśapūrṇamāsau sāṅgau vidhīyete
sarvairagniṣṭomaḥ
pracarantīti sāmavedavihitamṛtvijāmupadiṣṭatvātteṣāmeva na sarveṣāṃ
syāt
25. ka–devatoddeśena dravyatyāgo yāgo homaḥ | ‘yadasarpat
tatsarpirabhavat’ iti kriyānimittassarpiśabdaḥ | navanītavikāradravyajātīyavacanaḥ ājyaśabdaḥ | tatrānirdiṣṭadravya(kartṛ)ke
‘nāriṣṭān homān juhoti’ ‘āhavanīye juhoti’ ityevamādibhirhome codyamāne vidhīyamāne sarpirājyaṃ pratīyājjānīyāt
26. ka–pratīyādityanuṣaṅgaḥ | anirdiṣṭa(dravya)kartṛke home
adhvaryuṃ kartāraṃ hotāraṃ pratīyāt | yajurvedenādhvaryurityuktepi yāgasya
tyāgātmakatvādyajamāne prāpte'dhvaryurniyamyate
devatā sidhyatītyata āha-mantrabrāhmaṇayorvedanāmadheyam
41. ka.-saṃskārasyaikasya karmaṇaḥ prakāśanārthameka eva
mantraḥ bhavet
44. ka.-prayāṇe prayojanoddeśena gamane yāvadbhirdinaiḥ prayojanasya nivṛttiḥ parisamāptiḥ | prakramaprabhṛtyāprayojananivṛtterekaṃ prayāṇam | ekasminneko mantro, 'bhadrādabhi śreya' iti | prayojanabhede tvāvartate | tuśabdādbhojanaśayanā[di]bhedepi na prayāṇabhedaḥ
5. ka-akarmakaraṇāḥ kriyamāṇānuvādino mantrā hotrā
ucyante | ' ucchrayasva vanaspate ' ityādayaḥ ucchrīyamāṇayūpānuvādinassamuccīyante | yājamāneṣu samuccayaḥ | ' vasantamṛtūnāṃ
prīṇāmi ' ' eko mamaikā tasya ' iti
6. ka-aindrābārhaspatye yāge ' idaṃ vāmāsye haviḥ' iti
yājyānuvākyāyugaḷānyāmnātāni vikalpyante
7. ka-yājyānuvākyāsviba vikalpaḥ | yathā jyotiṣṭome,

4.21.p1.2

' ekaviṃśatiṃ dadāti ṣaṣṭiṃ dadāti ' ityatra saṃkhyānāṃ vikalpaḥ
na samuccayaḥ, saṃkhyāntarāpatteḥ
10. ka-agnayaḥ pātrāṇi ca yasminvihriyante sa vihāraḥ
uttarata udakpārśve upacāraḥ adhvarvādīnāṃ saṃcāraḥ yasya saḥ
uttarataupacāraḥ kartavyaḥ
11. ka-adhvaryādiragnimāsādya nāpaparyāvarteta nānabhimukhaṃ
paryāvarteta, na tu pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā sañcaret
12. ka-apaparyāvartetetyanuvartate | mahāvedyāmapraṇīte'gnau tatsthānānabhimukho na sañcaret
13. ka-yajñāṅgāni grahacamasādīni abhyantarāṇi, bāhyāḥ
kartāro yathā syustathā sañcaret | patnī yajamānaśca ṛtvigbhyontare syātām
18. ka—yānyekaguṇaśulbāni tāni pradakṣiṇamevāveṣṭayet
āvartayet
19. ka—amāvāsyāyāmiti saptamīnirdeśaḥ kālavacanaḥ
svasmin kāle vartate| amāśabdassahārthe| yasminkāle sūryā
candramasossahavāsaḥ sa kālomāvāsyā| amāvāsyayeti tṛtīyānirdeśaḥ karmavacanaḥ; yathā ‘āgneyoṣṭākapālaḥ’ ‘aindrāgna
ekādaśakapālaḥ’ ityevamādīni darśitānītyetaiḥ karmabhiramāvāsyāyāṃ kāle yajeta| amāvāsyayeti tṛtīyānirdeśāt karaṇabhūtayāgassāṅgo'māvāsyāyāṃ kāle vidhīyate
30. ka-yadyapyāgneyoṣṭākapāla iti dravyaparo nirdeśaḥ;
tathāpyāgneya iti devatāttaddhitatvādaṣṭākapāla āgneyaḥ kartavyaḥ
tasyāgneyatvaṃ yāgamantareṇa na sidhyatīti 'āgneyoṣṭākapālaḥ'
iti yāga evopadiṣṭaḥ | upāṃśuyāja iti yāganāmnā yāga
evopadiṣṭaḥ | 'agnīṣomīya ekādaśakapālaḥ' ityādibhirapi
yāga evopadiṣṭaḥ | etāni trīṇi yajanāni paurṇamāsyāṃ kāle
prayoge pradhānāni
31. ka-teṣāṃ pradhānānāmaṅgānyapukārakāṇi śeṣabhūtāni
itare homāḥ ārādupakārakāḥ | na viśvajidvatphalaṃ kalpyam

4.21.p1.3

nāpi rātrivadarthavādasthaṃ phalaṃ | 'agniṃ gṛhapatiṃ yajati pratiṣṭhityai' ityevamādīnāṃ pradhānopakārārthatvena parārthatvātphalaśruterarthavādatvaṃ | ataḥ pradhānānāmaṅgānyārādupakārakāṇi | sannipatyopakārakāṇāṃ tu dṛṣṭaprayojanatvānnāraṅgatā śaṅkayā
34. ka-asomayājī brāhmaṇaḥ puroḍāśadravyakamagnīṣomadaivatyaṃ yāgaṃ na kuryāt
35. ka-brāhmaṇasyetyanuvartate ityāśaṅkyāha varṇāviśeṣeṇeti | 'nāsomayājī sannayet sannayedvā' iti yadā trayo varṇā
asomayājinassānnāyyaṃ yāgaṃ kurvanti, tadaindrāgnayāgābhāvaḥ
amāvāsyāyāmasomayājina aindrāgnasānnāyyayorvikalpaḥ | paurṇamāsyāṃ tvasomayājino brāhmaṇasyāgnīṣomīyayāgābhāva eva
tadrahitāpi paurṇamāsī puruṣārthaṃ sādhayati | dvayoreva hi yāgayoḥ paurṇamāsīśabdavācyatvamasti ; pratyekaṃ nāmayogāt
tasmādagnīṣomīyarahitāvevetarau puruṣārthaṃ sādhayataḥ
36. ka-svasya kālaḥ svakālaḥ svakālasya vidhau, pitṛyajño nāmāmāvāsyāyāmanārabhyādhītaḥ tasya svakālo vidhīyate | agniṣṭome pravṛṇaktītivanna karmasambandhaḥ | ataḥ 'tasmātpitṛbhyaḥ pūrvedyuḥ kriyate' iti kālamātravidhānādanaṅgaṃ syāt
39. ka–adhikāripadasaṃyuktavākyanirdiṣṭaṃ karma pradhānam
tat yatra vihitaṃ tatrāṅgaissaha vidhīyate; yathā-‘udbhidā yajeta
paśukāmaḥ’ ‘sauryaṃ caruṃ nirvapedbrahmavarcasakāmaḥ’ iti
19. ka.–apacchindyādityanuvartate | yadottamau dvau
bhāgau pariśiṣṭau, tadā tayoranyonyavyāvṛttimātrāpekṣaṇādvivacanena vyāvartethāmiti vibhāgaḥ kartavyaḥ
33. ka.-somīṣomīyaḥ darśapūrṇamāsikān dharmāntmasātkṛtvā, taissahātmīyān savanīyāya prayacchati | atastasya
prakṛtiḥ

SŪTRA LXXIX.
Without distinction of caste, the Aindrāgna offering is omitted for one who offers the Sāṃnāyya.

Commentary.
Even though he be not a Somayājin, says the commentary.

This whole matter is summed up in Kapardin's commentary: Amāvāsyāyām asomayājina aindrāgna-sāṃnāyyayor vikalpaḥ. Paurṇamāsyāṃ tv asomayājino brāhmaṇasyāgnīṣomīyayāgābhāvaḥ. Tadrahitāpi paurṇamāsī puruṣārthaṃ sādhayati. Tatra dvayor eva hi yāgayoḥ paurṇamāsīśabdavācyatvam asti, pratyekaṃ nāmayogāt. Tasmād agnīṣomīyayāgarahitāv evetarau puruṣārthaṃ sādhayataḥ.

SŪTRA LXXX.
The Pitṛ-yajña, the sacrifice to the fathers, is not Aṅga (auxiliary) because its own time is prescribed.

Commentary.
The text should be pitṛyajñaḥ svakālavidhānād anaṅgaḥ syāt. This sacrifice for the Manes, called also the Piṇḍa-pitṛyajña, falls under the new-moon sacrifice, but is to be considered as a pradhāna, a primary sacrifice, not as an aṅga, a member of the Darśa.

SŪTRA LXXXIII.
A principal act (pradhāna) is accompanied by auxiliary acts (aṅga).

SŪTRA C.
When the two last are sliced off, he should say for each portion, vyāvartethām, separate ye two!

SŪTRA CXV.
It is also the norm for the Agnīṣomīya Paśu, the animal sacrifice for Agnī-Shomau.

SŪTRA CXVI.
And this is the norm for the Savanīya.

SŪTRA CXXXV.
If there is nothing very like, something a little like may be substituted, only it must not be prohibited.

4.21.p1.4

34-35. ka.-evamagnīṣomīyalavdhaissahātmīyān dharmān
'āgneyaḥ kṛṣṇagrīvaḥ' ityādi vihitānāmaikādaśinānāṃ prayacchan teṣāṃ savanīyaḥ prakṛtiḥ | tathā aikādaśināḥ paśugaṇānāṃ 'ādityaṃ malhāṃ' 'āśvinaṃ dhūmralalāmaṃ' ityādivihitānāṃ prayacchantasteṣāṃ prakṛtiḥ
43. ka.–dvidevatā bahudevatāśca dvidevatātvānekadevatātvasāmānyādaindrāgnavikārā vā | yathā–‘āśvinaṃ dvikapālaṃ ’
‘mārutaṃ saptakapālaṃ ’ ityevamādayaḥ | na tu1 samavikalpaḥ
catvāryakṣarāṇyagnīṣomau | trīṇīndrāgnī | tatra yāsāṃ vikṛtīnāṃ dvibahudevatāpadeṣu catvāryakṣarāṇ‍yadhikāni vā tā agnīṣomīyavikārāḥ | yāsāṃ trīṇyūnāni vā tā aindrāgnavikārāḥ | tathā codāhṛtaṃ anyatantraprakṛti vā2
51. ka-nitye naimittike kāmye ca prayoge prakrānte
śiṣṭabhāve upadiṣṭasyālābhe sāmānyāt sādṛśyāt tatsadṛśataraṃ pratinidhimupādāya sa prayogaḥ parisamāpanīyaḥ
vihitālābhe tatsadṛśastatkāryakaraśca pratinidhirupāttavyaḥ | carvarthepi payasyalabdhe śraityānna śaṅkhopādānamiṣyate | susadṛśābhāve apratiṣiddhamīṣatsadṛśamapi pratinidhātavyam | raudre carau prakrānte tadalābhe ‘ayajñiyā vai māṣāḥ’ iti
pratiṣedhānna māṣāḥ pratinidhātavyāḥ
atha caturthaḥ khaṇḍaḥ.
5. ka.–‘saṃvatsarāya dīkṣiṣyamāṇāḥ’ iti vihitetikarttavyatākaṃ gavāmayanaṃ sarveṣāmayanānāṃ prakṛtiḥ
6. ka.–nikāyassaṅgho yeṣāṃ te nikāyinassadyaskālādayaḥ
teṣāṃ prathamo'gniṣṭomaḥ prakṛtiḥ

Commentary.
If in a caru of mudgas, kidney-beans, phaseolus mungo, these kidney-beans should fail, a substitute may be taken, but that substitute must not be māṣas, phaseolus radiatus, because these māṣas are expressly forbidden; for it is said, Ayajñiyā vai māṣāḥ, 'Māṣas are not fit for sacrifice.'

SŪTRA CXLII.
The Gavāmayana is the Prakṛti of the Sāṃvatsarikas.

Commentary.
The Gavāmayana lasts three years, and it is the type of all Sāṃvatsarika sacrifices, whether they last one, two, three or more years. They all belong to the class of Sattras.

SŪTRA CXLIII.
Of the Nikāyi sacrifices the first serves as Prakṛti.

Commentary.
Among the Nikāyi sacrifices, lit. those which consist of a number, all having the same name, but different rewards, the first is the prakṛti of the subsequent ones. The commentator calls them sādyaskra &c., and mentions as the first the Agniṣṭoma. See Sūtra CXLVI, and Weber, Ind. Stud. XIII, p. 218.

SŪTRA CXXXV.
If there is nothing very like, something a little like may be substituted, only it must not be prohibited.