Apastambaparibhashasutra 4.21

4.21

arthāyārthāyāgniṃ praṇayatyapavṛtte karmaṇi laukikassampadyate yathāsamārūḍhe

4.21.p1.1

śrīhayagrīvāya namaḥ.
āpastambaparibhāṣāsūtrasya
kapardisvāmibhāṣyam,
haradattācāryavṛttiśca.
4. ka—ṛgvedayajurvedābhyāṃ darśapūrṇamāsau sāṅgau vidhīyete
sarvairagniṣṭomaḥ
pracarantīti sāmavedavihitamṛtvijāmupadiṣṭatvātteṣāmeva na sarveṣāṃ
syāt
25. ka–devatoddeśena dravyatyāgo yāgo homaḥ | ‘yadasarpat
tatsarpirabhavat’ iti kriyānimittassarpiśabdaḥ | navanītavikāradravyajātīyavacanaḥ ājyaśabdaḥ | tatrānirdiṣṭadravya(kartṛ)ke
‘nāriṣṭān homān juhoti’ ‘āhavanīye juhoti’ ityevamādibhirhome codyamāne vidhīyamāne sarpirājyaṃ pratīyājjānīyāt
26. ka–pratīyādityanuṣaṅgaḥ | anirdiṣṭa(dravya)kartṛke home
adhvaryuṃ kartāraṃ hotāraṃ pratīyāt | yajurvedenādhvaryurityuktepi yāgasya
tyāgātmakatvādyajamāne prāpte'dhvaryurniyamyate
devatā sidhyatītyata āha-mantrabrāhmaṇayorvedanāmadheyam
41. ka.-saṃskārasyaikasya karmaṇaḥ prakāśanārthameka eva
mantraḥ bhavet
44. ka.-prayāṇe prayojanoddeśena gamane yāvadbhirdinaiḥ prayojanasya nivṛttiḥ parisamāptiḥ | prakramaprabhṛtyāprayojananivṛtterekaṃ prayāṇam | ekasminneko mantro, 'bhadrādabhi śreya' iti | prayojanabhede tvāvartate | tuśabdādbhojanaśayanā[di]bhedepi na prayāṇabhedaḥ
5. ka-akarmakaraṇāḥ kriyamāṇānuvādino mantrā hotrā
ucyante | ' ucchrayasva vanaspate ' ityādayaḥ ucchrīyamāṇayūpānuvādinassamuccīyante | yājamāneṣu samuccayaḥ | ' vasantamṛtūnāṃ
prīṇāmi ' ' eko mamaikā tasya ' iti
6. ka-aindrābārhaspatye yāge ' idaṃ vāmāsye haviḥ' iti
yājyānuvākyāyugaḷānyāmnātāni vikalpyante
7. ka-yājyānuvākyāsviba vikalpaḥ | yathā jyotiṣṭome,

4.21.p1.2

' ekaviṃśatiṃ dadāti ṣaṣṭiṃ dadāti ' ityatra saṃkhyānāṃ vikalpaḥ
na samuccayaḥ, saṃkhyāntarāpatteḥ
10. ka-agnayaḥ pātrāṇi ca yasminvihriyante sa vihāraḥ
uttarata udakpārśve upacāraḥ adhvarvādīnāṃ saṃcāraḥ yasya saḥ
uttarataupacāraḥ kartavyaḥ
11. ka-adhvaryādiragnimāsādya nāpaparyāvarteta nānabhimukhaṃ
paryāvarteta, na tu pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā sañcaret
12. ka-apaparyāvartetetyanuvartate | mahāvedyāmapraṇīte'gnau tatsthānānabhimukho na sañcaret
13. ka-yajñāṅgāni grahacamasādīni abhyantarāṇi, bāhyāḥ
kartāro yathā syustathā sañcaret | patnī yajamānaśca ṛtvigbhyontare syātām
18. ka—yānyekaguṇaśulbāni tāni pradakṣiṇamevāveṣṭayet
āvartayet
19. ka—amāvāsyāyāmiti saptamīnirdeśaḥ kālavacanaḥ
svasmin kāle vartate| amāśabdassahārthe| yasminkāle sūryā
candramasossahavāsaḥ sa kālomāvāsyā| amāvāsyayeti tṛtīyānirdeśaḥ karmavacanaḥ; yathā ‘āgneyoṣṭākapālaḥ’ ‘aindrāgna
ekādaśakapālaḥ’ ityevamādīni darśitānītyetaiḥ karmabhiramāvāsyāyāṃ kāle yajeta| amāvāsyayeti tṛtīyānirdeśāt karaṇabhūtayāgassāṅgo'māvāsyāyāṃ kāle vidhīyate
30. ka-yadyapyāgneyoṣṭākapāla iti dravyaparo nirdeśaḥ;
tathāpyāgneya iti devatāttaddhitatvādaṣṭākapāla āgneyaḥ kartavyaḥ
tasyāgneyatvaṃ yāgamantareṇa na sidhyatīti 'āgneyoṣṭākapālaḥ'
iti yāga evopadiṣṭaḥ | upāṃśuyāja iti yāganāmnā yāga
evopadiṣṭaḥ | 'agnīṣomīya ekādaśakapālaḥ' ityādibhirapi
yāga evopadiṣṭaḥ | etāni trīṇi yajanāni paurṇamāsyāṃ kāle
prayoge pradhānāni
31. ka-teṣāṃ pradhānānāmaṅgānyapukārakāṇi śeṣabhūtāni
itare homāḥ ārādupakārakāḥ | na viśvajidvatphalaṃ kalpyam

4.21.p1.3

nāpi rātrivadarthavādasthaṃ phalaṃ | 'agniṃ gṛhapatiṃ yajati pratiṣṭhityai' ityevamādīnāṃ pradhānopakārārthatvena parārthatvātphalaśruterarthavādatvaṃ | ataḥ pradhānānāmaṅgānyārādupakārakāṇi | sannipatyopakārakāṇāṃ tu dṛṣṭaprayojanatvānnāraṅgatā śaṅkayā
34. ka-asomayājī brāhmaṇaḥ puroḍāśadravyakamagnīṣomadaivatyaṃ yāgaṃ na kuryāt
35. ka-brāhmaṇasyetyanuvartate ityāśaṅkyāha varṇāviśeṣeṇeti | 'nāsomayājī sannayet sannayedvā' iti yadā trayo varṇā
asomayājinassānnāyyaṃ yāgaṃ kurvanti, tadaindrāgnayāgābhāvaḥ
amāvāsyāyāmasomayājina aindrāgnasānnāyyayorvikalpaḥ | paurṇamāsyāṃ tvasomayājino brāhmaṇasyāgnīṣomīyayāgābhāva eva
tadrahitāpi paurṇamāsī puruṣārthaṃ sādhayati | dvayoreva hi yāgayoḥ paurṇamāsīśabdavācyatvamasti ; pratyekaṃ nāmayogāt
tasmādagnīṣomīyarahitāvevetarau puruṣārthaṃ sādhayataḥ
36. ka-svasya kālaḥ svakālaḥ svakālasya vidhau, pitṛyajño nāmāmāvāsyāyāmanārabhyādhītaḥ tasya svakālo vidhīyate | agniṣṭome pravṛṇaktītivanna karmasambandhaḥ | ataḥ 'tasmātpitṛbhyaḥ pūrvedyuḥ kriyate' iti kālamātravidhānādanaṅgaṃ syāt
39. ka–adhikāripadasaṃyuktavākyanirdiṣṭaṃ karma pradhānam
tat yatra vihitaṃ tatrāṅgaissaha vidhīyate; yathā-‘udbhidā yajeta
paśukāmaḥ’ ‘sauryaṃ caruṃ nirvapedbrahmavarcasakāmaḥ’ iti
19. ka.–apacchindyādityanuvartate | yadottamau dvau
bhāgau pariśiṣṭau, tadā tayoranyonyavyāvṛttimātrāpekṣaṇādvivacanena vyāvartethāmiti vibhāgaḥ kartavyaḥ
33. ka.-somīṣomīyaḥ darśapūrṇamāsikān dharmāntmasātkṛtvā, taissahātmīyān savanīyāya prayacchati | atastasya
prakṛtiḥ

SŪTRA LXXIX.
Without distinction of caste, the Aindrāgna offering is omitted for one who offers the Sāṃnāyya.

Commentary.
Even though he be not a Somayājin, says the commentary.

This whole matter is summed up in Kapardin's commentary: Amāvāsyāyām asomayājina aindrāgna-sāṃnāyyayor vikalpaḥ. Paurṇamāsyāṃ tv asomayājino brāhmaṇasyāgnīṣomīyayāgābhāvaḥ. Tadrahitāpi paurṇamāsī puruṣārthaṃ sādhayati. Tatra dvayor eva hi yāgayoḥ paurṇamāsīśabdavācyatvam asti, pratyekaṃ nāmayogāt. Tasmād agnīṣomīyayāgarahitāv evetarau puruṣārthaṃ sādhayataḥ.

SŪTRA LXXX.
The Pitṛ-yajña, the sacrifice to the fathers, is not Aṅga (auxiliary) because its own time is prescribed.

Commentary.
The text should be pitṛyajñaḥ svakālavidhānād anaṅgaḥ syāt. This sacrifice for the Manes, called also the Piṇḍa-pitṛyajña, falls under the new-moon sacrifice, but is to be considered as a pradhāna, a primary sacrifice, not as an aṅga, a member of the Darśa.

SŪTRA LXXXIII.
A principal act (pradhāna) is accompanied by auxiliary acts (aṅga).

SŪTRA C.
When the two last are sliced off, he should say for each portion, vyāvartethām, separate ye two!

SŪTRA CXV.
It is also the norm for the Agnīṣomīya Paśu, the animal sacrifice for Agnī-Shomau.

SŪTRA CXVI.
And this is the norm for the Savanīya.

SŪTRA CXXXV.
If there is nothing very like, something a little like may be substituted, only it must not be prohibited.

4.21.p1.4

34-35. ka.-evamagnīṣomīyalavdhaissahātmīyān dharmān
'āgneyaḥ kṛṣṇagrīvaḥ' ityādi vihitānāmaikādaśinānāṃ prayacchan teṣāṃ savanīyaḥ prakṛtiḥ | tathā aikādaśināḥ paśugaṇānāṃ 'ādityaṃ malhāṃ' 'āśvinaṃ dhūmralalāmaṃ' ityādivihitānāṃ prayacchantasteṣāṃ prakṛtiḥ
43. ka.–dvidevatā bahudevatāśca dvidevatātvānekadevatātvasāmānyādaindrāgnavikārā vā | yathā–‘āśvinaṃ dvikapālaṃ ’
‘mārutaṃ saptakapālaṃ ’ ityevamādayaḥ | na tu1 samavikalpaḥ
catvāryakṣarāṇyagnīṣomau | trīṇīndrāgnī | tatra yāsāṃ vikṛtīnāṃ dvibahudevatāpadeṣu catvāryakṣarāṇ‍yadhikāni vā tā agnīṣomīyavikārāḥ | yāsāṃ trīṇyūnāni vā tā aindrāgnavikārāḥ | tathā codāhṛtaṃ anyatantraprakṛti vā2
51. ka-nitye naimittike kāmye ca prayoge prakrānte
śiṣṭabhāve upadiṣṭasyālābhe sāmānyāt sādṛśyāt tatsadṛśataraṃ pratinidhimupādāya sa prayogaḥ parisamāpanīyaḥ
vihitālābhe tatsadṛśastatkāryakaraśca pratinidhirupāttavyaḥ | carvarthepi payasyalabdhe śraityānna śaṅkhopādānamiṣyate | susadṛśābhāve apratiṣiddhamīṣatsadṛśamapi pratinidhātavyam | raudre carau prakrānte tadalābhe ‘ayajñiyā vai māṣāḥ’ iti
pratiṣedhānna māṣāḥ pratinidhātavyāḥ
atha caturthaḥ khaṇḍaḥ.
5. ka.–‘saṃvatsarāya dīkṣiṣyamāṇāḥ’ iti vihitetikarttavyatākaṃ gavāmayanaṃ sarveṣāmayanānāṃ prakṛtiḥ
6. ka.–nikāyassaṅgho yeṣāṃ te nikāyinassadyaskālādayaḥ
teṣāṃ prathamo'gniṣṭomaḥ prakṛtiḥ

Commentary.
If in a caru of mudgas, kidney-beans, phaseolus mungo, these kidney-beans should fail, a substitute may be taken, but that substitute must not be māṣas, phaseolus radiatus, because these māṣas are expressly forbidden; for it is said, Ayajñiyā vai māṣāḥ, 'Māṣas are not fit for sacrifice.'

SŪTRA CXLII.
The Gavāmayana is the Prakṛti of the Sāṃvatsarikas.

Commentary.
The Gavāmayana lasts three years, and it is the type of all Sāṃvatsarika sacrifices, whether they last one, two, three or more years. They all belong to the class of Sattras.

SŪTRA CXLIII.
Of the Nikāyi sacrifices the first serves as Prakṛti.

Commentary.
Among the Nikāyi sacrifices, lit. those which consist of a number, all having the same name, but different rewards, the first is the prakṛti of the subsequent ones. The commentator calls them sādyaskra &c., and mentions as the first the Agniṣṭoma. See Sūtra CXLVI, and Weber, Ind. Stud. XIII, p. 218.

SŪTRA CXXXV.
If there is nothing very like, something a little like may be substituted, only it must not be prohibited.