Yāska's Nirukta 81

81.1

'somo akṣāḥ (13)''-ityete dve pade | atra akṣā ityetat padam anavagatam, pakṣeṇa cānekārtham | asyaiva ca sambandhālupalakṣaṇārthaṃ somaśabdo'tra samāmnātaḥ || kathaṃnāma "na yasya̱ dyāvā̍pṛthi̱vī"-ityetadevodāharaṇamatra upalakṣitaṃ syāt ? atra hi akṣāityeṣa śabdaḥ, somaśabdena sambaddhaḥ, yathā bhūtaśabdena meṣaśabdaḥ-"meṣo bhūto'bhiyannayaḥ"-( 3 |
16 | 5 ) ityatra, yathā vā-"agnirnaye" ( 3 |
15 | 3 )-ityatrāgniśabdaḥ | atra cāśnotipakṣe akṣā iti asya śabdasya supuṣṭatara udāharaṇārtho bhavati | tasmādayamanantara upalakṣyate alpaprayogaviṣayatvādasya mantrasya pratipattyarthaṃ somaśabdaḥ samāmnāta ekapadasamāmnāne prāpte sati ||
reṇurnāma viśvāmitrasya putraḥ, tasyeyamarṣam | aindre sūkte sūryastunnāmaikāhaḥ, tatreyaṃ niṣkevalye śastre nividdhānīye śasyate || "na yasya dyāvāpṛthivī" na yasya indrasya dyāvāpṛthivī dyāvāpṛthivyau mahimānam 'aśruvāte' vyāpta ityūrthaḥ | "na" "dhanva" nodakam, taddhi dhanvatyantarikṣalokāt | "na antarikṣam" "na" "adrayaḥ" parvatāḥ aśnuvanti mahimānam | kiṃ tarhi ? soma evākṣāḥ mahimānamaśnotītyarthaḥ || kathaṃ punargamyate soma evendrasya mahimānamaśnotīti ? itaḥ-'yat asya manyuḥ adhināyamānaḥ' yasmādasyendrasya manyuḥ krodhaḥ somena pītena satā madasāmarthyādupari śatrūṇāṃ nīyamānaḥ prāpyamāṇaḥ 'śṛṇāti' | 'vīḷu' | yadapi vīḷu dṛḍhaṃ saṃnaddhaṃ śatrubalaṃ bhavati, tadapi śṛṇātyeva, hinastītyarthaḥ | 'rujati' ca 'sthirāṇi' api dṛḍhāni meghavṛndvāni bhinattītyarthaḥ | evametasmin mantre vyāptyarthasya "aśnoteḥ" akṣā ityeṣa śabdo nirucyate "ityevameke" mantrārthavido manyante ||
saptarṣīṇāmārṣam | bṛhatī | pāvamānī saumī || "anūpe" deśe "gomān" "gobhiḥ" sahito "yadā" "akṣāḥ" "kṣiyati" nivasati, "atha" tadā suyavastvāt tasya deśasya "somo dugdhābhiḥ" punaḥpunaḥ "dugdhābhyaḥ" api gobhyaḥ "kṣarati" eva || kathaṃ punaḥ kṣarati ? iti | ucyate-'samudraṃ na saṃvaraṇāni'samudramiva saṃvaraṇānyudakāni, udakāni hi deśāntarāt saṃvṛṇvaṃti, tāni yathā sarvebhyo deśebhyaḥ saṃsrutya samudramabhimukhyena 'agman' gacchanti, evaṃ dugdhobhyaḥ somaḥ sarvebhyo gātrebhyaḥ saṃsrutya ūdhaḥ prati kṣarati 'madāya' indrasya | atha yadaivaṃ prakṣarati, tadā tena somenāmāvāsyāyāṃ sānnāyena tṛpta indraḥ 'mandī' harṣaśīlaḥ, yajamānasya śatrūn 'tośatehinastītyarthaḥ | "nitośayati, nibarhayati"-iti.hantikarmasu paṭhitam | evametasmin mantre "kṣiyati-nigamaḥ pūrvaḥ"-"anūpe gomān gobhirakṣāḥ"-ityeṣaḥ "kṣaratinigamaḥ uttaraḥ"-"somo dugdhābhirakṣāḥ"-ityatra evam "eke" mantrārthavido manyante | tacca tathaivo vyākhyātam | "sarve" evaite trayo'pi "kṣiyatinigamāḥ" "iti" "śākapūṇiḥ" ācāryo manyate | na yasya dyāvāpṛthivyau nivāsaḥ, na dhanva, na antarikṣaṃ nivāsaḥ, kiṃ tarhi ? soma eva indrasya nivāsaḥ | tasya somasya kim ? iti | ucyate-yadasya manyuradhi śatrūṇāṃ nīyamānaḥ, śṛṇāti vīḷu rujati sthirāṇi | samānamanyat pūrveṇaivārthena | "anūpe gomāngobhirakṣāḥ"- ityatra nivāsārthataiva pūrvasminnevārthe | atha somo dugdhāsvapi goṣūdhaḥ nivasati, na nirdugdhāḥ kartuṃ śakyante ityabhiprāyaḥ | evameta sarve trayo'pi "kṣiyatinigamāḥ"-iti "śākapūṇiḥ" ācāryo manyate |
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