Yāska's Nirukta 122
Niruktavṛtti 122
- Language
- Sanskrit
122.1
"asme (29)"- ityetat padaṃ sarvavibhaktyantam | tasmādanekārtham | ekameva hyetacchabdarūpaṃ saptasvapi vibhaktyartheṣu varttate, prakaraṇādivaśāt tasya niyamo bhavati | tadyathā, -prathamāyāstāvat ,- "a̱sme te̍ bandhuḥ" "vayamityarthaḥ" | "tapa̍sasta̱nūra̍si prajāpa̍te̱rvarṇa̍ḥ para̱meṇa̍ pa̱śunā̍ krī̱yase sahasrapoṣaṃ puṣyantī | asme te bandhuḥ puṃṣeyam”- iti || somakrayaṇe dravyāpākaraṇamantreṣu ajāyā eṣo'pākaraṇamantraḥ | so'cyate-he aje ! 'tapasaḥ' agneḥ tvaṃ 'tanūḥ' śarīram 'asi' "agnerhyapā ajā"- iti hyuktam, “sa etā ebhyaḥ prarocayan"- iti ca || tasmādupapadyate agnestanutvamajāyāḥ | 'prajāpateḥ' 'varṇaḥ' varṇādyā tvam | 'sahasrapoṣam' asmākam | 'puṣyantī' etasmin karmaṇi aṅgabhāvamupehi | evamajāmabhimṛśya adhunā somaṃ bravīti, - he soma ! anena 'parameṇa' śreṣṭhena 'paśunā' 'krīyase' | kiṃ kāraṇam ? "asme" "vayam” “te” tava "bandhuḥ” bandhavaḥ, viniyoktāra ityabhiprāyaḥ || evamatra prathamāntena "bandhu"śabdena sāmānādhikaraṇyāt "asme"- ityasya "vayam" ityeva prathatayā vipariṇāma upapadyate |
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122.2
dvitīyāyāstāvat ,- "a̱sme yāta̍ nāsatyā sa̱joṣā̍ḥ" "asmānityarthaḥ” || "ā śye̱nasya̍ java̍sā̱ nūta̍ne̱nāsme yāta̍ nāsatyā sa̱joṣā̍ḥ | have̱ hi vā̍maśvinā rā̱taha̍vya̱ḥ śaśva̍tta̱māyā̍ṃ u̱ṣaso̱ vyu̍ṣṭau || (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 8, 19, 6)"-iti ||
kakṣīvata ārṣam | triṣṭup | āśvinī | prātaranuvākāśvinayoḥ śasyate || "āyātam" "asme" "asmān" prati | he "nāsatyā" nāsatyau ! 'aśvinā' aśvinau ! kathañca punarāyātam ? 'śyenasya' pakṣiṇaḥ 'javasā' javena vegena, 'nūtanena' navatamena, pariśrāntasya hi śyenasyāpi mandataro javo bhavati | "sajoṣaḥ" mayā saha prīyamāṇau, paraspareṇa vā | 'vāṃ' yuvām | kasmāt punarevaṃ bravīmi ? itaḥ,yasmāt 'have hi vām' āhvayāmi yuvām | na vṛthaiva āhvayāmi, kiṃ tarhi ? 'rātahavyaḥ' dattahavyaḥ, yuvāmuddiśya utsṛṣṭametaddhavyaṃ mayā | tau yuvāmetad vijñāya 'śaśvattamāyāḥ' śāśvatikatamāyāḥ asyāḥ 'uṣasaḥ' 'vyuṣṭau' vyucchedakāle āhūyamānāvāgacchatam || evamatra "āyātam"- ityanena sambandhāt "asme" -ityasya "asmān"ityevaṃ dvatīyayā vipariṇāma upapadyate |
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122.3
tṛtīyāyāstāvat,-"a̱sme sa̍mā̱nebhi̍rvṛṣabha̱ pauṃsye̍bhiḥ” "asmābhirityarthaḥ" | “bhūri̍ ca̱kartha̍ yu̱jye̍bhira̱sme samā̱nebhi̍rvṛṣabha̱ pauṃsye̍bhiḥ || bhūrī̍ṇi hi kṛ̱ṇavā̍mā śavi̱ṣṭhendra̱ kratvā̍ maruto̱ yadvaśā̍ma ||( ṛ0 saṃ0 2, 3, 25, 2)"-iti ||
indramarutsaṃvāde marutāmārṣam | aindrī | triṣṭup | mahāvrate ca vyūḍhasya daśarātrasya saptame'hani marutvatīye śastre śasyate | indra ucyate, - sa tva 'bhūri' bahu 'cakartha' kṛtavānasi karma, tasmiṃstasmin saṃgrāme | tatpunaḥ 'yujyebhiḥ' [ eva ] "asme" "asmābhiḥ" eva saṃyuktaḥ, “samānebhiḥ” samānaiḥ, “pauṃsyebhiḥ” balaiḥ | he “vṛṣabha” varṣitaḥ ! naikākītyabhiprāyaḥ | kiñca, vayamapi 'bhūrīṇi' bahūni karmāṇi 'kṛṇavāma' eva tasmiṃstasmin saṃgrāme | he 'śaviṣṭha' baliṣṭha ! 'indra' ! | na ca kevalaṃ vāṅmātreṇaitad brūmaḥ, kiṃ tarhi ? 'kratvā' eva karmaṇaiva | tat sampādayāmaḥ, 'yan vaśāma' yadyat kāmayāmahe ityarthaḥ || evamatra "yujyebhiḥ"-ityanena sambandhāt “asme” -ityasya "asmābhiḥ"-iti tṛtīyayā vipariṇāma upapadyate |
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122.4
caturthyāstāvat,-"a̱sme praya̍ndhi maghavannṛjīṣin” "asmabhyam" ityarthaḥ || "a̱sme praya̍ndhi maghavannṛjīṣi̱nnindra̍ rā̱yo viśvavāra̍sya̱ bhūre̍ḥ | a̱sme śa̱taṃ śa̱rado̍ jī̱vase̍ dhā a̱sme vī̱rāñchaśva̍ta indra śiprin || (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 2, 20, 5)"-iti || ghorasyāṅgirasasyeyamārṣam | triṣṭup | aindrī | jātakarmaṇi viniyuktā | "asme" "asmabhyam” “prayandhi” dehi | he “maghavan” dhanavan ! 'indra !” “ṛjīṣin !” 'rāyaḥ' dhanasya, 'viśvavārasya' sarvā āpado yad dhanaṃ vārayati tasya, 'bhūreḥ' bahunaḥ, yasya adhipatiḥ tvam, tasya abhilaṣitāṃ mātrāṃ dehi | kiñca, 'asme' asmabhyam 'śataṃ śaradaḥ' śata varṣāṇi 'jīvase' jīvanāya 'dhāḥ' dehi | 'asme' asmabhyam 'vīrān' putrān 'śaśvataḥ' dīrghāyuṣaḥ dehi | he 'śiprīn !' || evamatra "asme prayandhi”ityanena gāmārthena sambandhāt "asme" -ityasya "asmabhyam"-iti caturthyā vipariṇāma upapadyate |
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122.5
pañcamyāntāvat,- “a̱sme ā̱rācci̱d dveṣa̍ḥ sa̱nuta̱ryuyotu" "asmadityarthaḥ" || “tasya̍ va̱yaṃ su̍ma̱tau ya̱jñiya̱syāpi̍ bha̱dre sau̍mana̱se syā̍ma | sa su̱trāmā̱ svavāṃ indro̍ a̱sme ā̱rācci̱dddveṣa̍ḥ sanu̱taryuyotu || ( ṛ0 saṃ0 4, 7, 32, 3 )" iti || gargasya bhāradvājasyārṣam | ṣaṣṭhe maṇḍale | aindrī | triṣṭup | punarapi ceyamṛṣa kākṣīvataḥ sukīrttināmā, tena daśame maṇḍale dṛṣṭā | ṣaṣṭhe cāhani pṛṣṭhayasya, viśvajiti ceyaṃ tṛtīye savane brāhmaṇācchaṃsinaḥ śastre viniyuktā || 'tasya' indrasya 'yajñiyasya' yajñārhasya 'vayam' 'sumatau' śobhane'dhyavasāye 'syāma' | 'api' cāsya 'bhadre' nandanīye stutye 'saumanase' śobhanamaṅkalpe manasi nityameva syāma | 'saḥ' 'sutrāmā' 'indraḥ' 'svavān' dhanavān, “asme” “asmat" "ārāccit” dūrataggamapanīya “dveṣaḥ” dveṣa pāpam, tataḥ “sanutaḥ” sventarrhataṃ kṛtaṃ yathā taṃ na paśyema tathā “yuyotu" nāśayānityarthaḥ | evamatra “dveṣaḥ”—ityanena sambandhāt “asme” ityatasya "asmat”-ityevaṃ pañcamyā vipariṇāma upapadyata |
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122.6
ṣaṣṭhyāntāvat, “ū̱rva i̍va paprathe kāmo̍ a̱sme” “asmākamityarthaḥ” || “ā no̍ bha̱ja bha̱rgendre dyu̱manta̱ṃ ni te̍ de̱ṣṇasya̍ dadhīmahi pra̱reke | ū̱rva i̍va paprathe kāmo̍ a̱sme tamā pṛ̍ṇa vasupate̱ vasū̍nām || ( ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 2, 4, 4)”-iti ||
"uddharahakṣaḥ"-ityasyā eveyamanantarā | 'ā bhara' āhara | 'naḥ' asmabhyam | he 'indra !' 'bhagam' bhajanīyaṃ dhanarāśim, 'dyumantaṃ dīptimantam | āhṛtya cāsmabhyaṃ dehi | tathā prabhūtaṃ dehi, yathā bhuktaśeṣasya 'prereke' atireke sati 'nidadhīmahi' | 'te' tava svabhūtasya 'deṣṇasya' dānasyetyarthaḥ | kasmāt punarevaṃ bravīmi,-prabhūtaṃ dehīti ? itaḥ,yasmāt "ūrva iva" yathā vaḍavāmukhe'vasthitaḥ ūrvo'gniḥ, apaḥ piban "paprathe" prathate, evamayam "asme" "asmākam" "kāmaḥ" prathate vistīryate | 'tam' 'ā' ābhimukhyena 'pṛṇa' pūraya 'vasūnām' he 'vasūpate !' || evamatra "kāmaḥ paprathe"-ityanena sambandhāt ātmaviṣayatvāt āśiṣaḥ "asme"- ityasya "asmākam"-ityevaṃ ṣaṣṭhyā vipariṇāma upapadyate |
122.7
saptamyāstāvat,-"a̱sme dha̍tta̱ vasa̍vo̱ vasū̍ni” | atra “dhatta” - ityanena sambandhāt “asme”- ityasya “asmāsu”-ityevaṃ saptamyā vipariṇāma upapadyate || dvādaśe'dhyāye "sugāvo̍ de̱vāḥ supa̱thāḥ"- iti śeṣa ucyata eva |
“vidathāni (33)”-ityanavagatam | “vedanāni”-ityavagamaḥ || “hotā̍ de̱vo ama̍rttyaḥ purastā̍deti mā̱yayā̍ | vi̱dathā̍ni praco̱daya̍n || (ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 1, 29, 2)”-iti || viśvāmitrasyārṣam | gāyatrī | āgneyī | prātaranuvākāśvinayoḥ śasyate | agnīṣomapraṇayane viniyuktā | ‘hotā’ āhvātā, ‘devaḥ’ agniḥ, ‘amartyaḥ’ amaraṇadharmā, ‘purastāt’ asya yajñakarmaṇaḥ, somasya vā praṇīyamānasya ‘eti’ gacchati, ‘māyayā’ svayā prajñayā | eṣām ṛtvijām “vidathāni” vijñānāni “pra” prakarṣeṇa “codayan” anugṛhnannityarthaḥ || evamatra śabdasārūpyādarthopapatteśca “vidathāni =vedanāni”-ityupapadyate |
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122.8
"pāthaḥ ( 30 )”-ityanavagatam, anekanamesārthañca | "antarikṣam" tāvat pātha ucyate | tat punaretat "pathā vyākhyātam" "panthāḥ patatervā"-ityatra || “yatrā̍ ca̱krura̱mṛtā̍ gā̱tuma̍smai śye̱no na dīya̍nnanve̍ti̱ pātha̍: | prati̍ vā̱ṃ sūra̱ udi̍te vidhema̱ namo̍bhirmitrāvaruṇota ha̱vyaiḥ || ( ṛ0 saṃ 5, 5, 5, 5)"-iti || vasiṣṭhasyārṣam | asyāḥ prathamo'rddharcaḥ saurya iti pratijajñe śaunako maitrāvaruṇo dvitīya iti | evaṃ hyāha,"ṛcaḥ sauryo hi gīyanta udretītyardhapañcamāḥ"-iti || 'yatra' yadā 'asmai' sūryāya 'cakruḥ' kṛtavantaḥ 'amṛtāḥ' devāḥ 'gātuṃ' gamanamārgam, udayādārabhya yāvadastamaya iti, yadā cāyamārabdhaḥ sūryaḥ “śyeno na” śyena iva “dīyan anveti” dīyamānaḥ gacchan "pāthaḥ” “antarikṣaṃ” tena mārgeṇa | atha tadā ārabhya 'prati vidhema' 'vāṃ' pratītya cetasā yuvām | 'udite' 'sūra' sūrye 'vidhema' paricarema vayam | he 'mitrāvaruṇau !' 'namobhiḥ' namaskāraiḥ 'uta' api ca ‘havyaiḥ’ || evamatra “śyeno na dīyannanveti pāthaḥ”–ityanena sambandhāt “pāthaḥ– antarikṣam”–ityupapadyate || apaṭhitametadantarikṣanāmsu, iti apratītārtham || athavaivamanyathā syāt–prathamasyārddharcasyārthaḥ, sūryyapradhānatvāt | uttaro'rddharco nirākāṅkṣa eva | ‘yatra’ yasmin nabhasaḥ pradeśe ‘gātuṃ’ kṛtavantaḥ, ‘amṛtāḥ’ devāḥ sūryyaśce | tena eva pradeśena “śyenaḥ” iva “dīyannanveti” anugacchati “pāthaḥ” na tāṃ maryādābhīśvaro'pi sannatikrāmatītyarthaḥ |
122.9
“udakamapi pātha ucyate” “pānāt” || “abhivo̍ de̱vīṃ dhiya̍ṃ dadhidhva̱ṃ pra vo̍ de̱va̱trā vāca̍ṃ kṛṇudhvam || ā ca̍ṣṭa āsā̱ṃ pātho̍ nadī̱nāṃ varu̍ṇa u̱graḥ sa̱hasra̍cakṣāḥ || (ṛ0 sa 5, 3, 25, 9–10)”–iti || vasiṣṭhasyārṣam | vyūḍhasya daśarātrasya caturthe'hani tṛtīyaṃ savanaṃ vaiśvadeve śastre śasyate | he ṛtvijaḥ ! ‘abhi’ vadāmi ‘vaḥ’ etāṃ ‘devī, ‘dhiyaṃ’ yūyam etān viśvān devān prati ‘dadhidhvam’ dhārayadhvam | kiñca, ‘pravo devatrā vācaṃ kṛṇudhvam’ | bravīmi ca etat devatrā devagāminīm etāṃ vācaṃ stutilakṣaṇāṃ kṛṇudhvam| kiñca, “ā caṣṭa āsāṃ pātho nadīnāṃ varuṇaḥ” | varuṇo'pi devaḥ ādityaḥ, ācaṣṭe iva, prakathayatīva janānāṃ varṇam, utsṛjam āsāṃ vadbhimanadīnāṃ svabhūtam, udakaṃ pāthaḥ | kilakṣaṇaḥ punarvaruṇaḥ 1 ācaṣṭe,–‘ugraḥ’ udgūrṇaḥ, ‘sahasracakṣāḥ’ bahudarśana ityarthaḥ || evamatra “pāthaḥ” śabdena “udakam” ityucyate, nadīsambandhāt |
122.10
“annamapi pātha ucyate” “pānādeva” || “vana̍spate ra̱śanayā̍ ni̱yūyā̍ de̱vānā̱ṃ pātha̱ upa̍ vakṣi vi̱dvān | svadā̍ti de̱vaḥ kṛ̱ṇava̍ddha̱vīṃṣyava̍tā̱ṃ dyāvā̍pṛthi̱vī hava̍ṃ me || (ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 2, 22, 5)”--iti ||
āprīsūkte vādhyaśvasya sumitrasyeyamārṣam || he 'vanaspate !' 'raśanayā' 'niyūya' nibadhya “devānām” etat svabhūtaṃ “pāthaḥ” annaṃ havirlakṣaṇam “upa vakṣi” samīpaṃ vahasi “vidvān” jānānaḥ | kasmāt punarevaṃ bravīmi ? itaḥ–yasmāt ‘svadāti’ svādayati, saḥsaḥ ‘devaḥ’ tvayoḍhāni etāni ‘havīṃṣi’ | yāni ‘kṛṇavat’ akarot, eṣa yajamānaḥ || vanaspatimivamuktvā punaryāvāpṛthivyāvāha,–he ‘dyāvāpṛthivyau !’ ‘vāṃ’ yuvāmapi ‘avatām’ avagacchatām, enaṃ ‘havam’ āhvānaṃ ‘me’ mama | evamatra havanasaṃbandhādannaṃ “pāthaḥ” ityupapadyate |
122.11
“savīmani ( 31 )”–ityanavagatam | “prasave”–ityavagamaḥ || “devasya̍ va̱yaṃ sa̍vi̱tuḥ savī̍mani̱ śreṣṭhe̍ syāma̱ vasu̍naśca dā̱vane̍ | yo viśva̍sya dvi̱pado̱ yaścatu̍ṣpado ni̱veśa̍ne prasa̱ve cāsi̱ bhūma̍naḥ || ( ṛ0 saṃ0 5, 1, 15, 2 )”–iti || bharadvājasyārṣam | jagatī | gavāmayane caturviṃśaṃ nāma dvitīyamahaḥ, tatreyaṃ tṛtīyasavane vaiśvadeve śastre śasyate|| “devasya” “savituḥ”sarvārthaprasavitustasya “vayam” “savīmani” ‘śreṣṭhe’ prasave sarvārthāmyanujñāne, nityakālaṃ vayam eva ‘syāma’ | ‘vasunaśca’ dhanasya ca ‘dāvane’ dāne śreṣṭhe pravṛtte, vayameva labdhāraḥ syāma | he savitaḥ ! ‘yaḥ’ tvaṃ ‘viśvasya’ sarvasyāsya ‘dvipadaḥ’ manuṣyādeḥ, ‘yaḥ’ ‘catuṣpadaḥ’ gavādeḥ, ‘bhūmanḥ’ bhūmnaḥ, ‘niveśane’ ca sthitau, ‘prasave ca’ sṛṣṭau, prabhuḥ ‘asi’ | tasya tava evaṅguṇaviśiṣṭasya prasavaṃ ca dāne ca vayameva aṅgabhūtāḥ syāmeti || evamatra “savituḥ”–ityanena sambandhāt “savīmani”ityasya “prasave”–ityevaṃ vipariṇāma upapadyate |
122.12
“saprathāḥ ( 32 )”–ityanavagatam | “sarvataḥ pṛthuḥ”–ityavagamaḥ || “tvama̍gne su̱prathā̍ a̱si juṣṭo hotā̍ vare̍ṇyaḥ | tvayā̍ ya̱jñaṃ vita̍nvate || ( ṛ0 saṃ0 4, 1, 5, 4 )”–iti || sutambharaṃsyeyamārṣam | gāyatrī | āgneyī | prātaranuvākāśvinayoḥ śasyate || ‘he “agne” ! “tvam” tvameva “saprathāḥ” “sarvataḥ pṛthuḥ” vistīrṇaḥ | ‘juṣṭaḥ’ ca āsevito yajamānaiḥ | ‘hotā’ āhvātā devānāṃ bhavasi | ‘vareṇyaḥ’ varaṇīyaḥ sarvathāpi | kiṃ bahunā ‘tvayā’ eva hetubhūtenaite yajamānāḥ etaṃ ‘yajñaṃ’ ‘vitanvate’ vividhaṃ tanvate, vistārayanti | evamatra śabdasārūpyādarthopapatteśca “saprathāḥ-sarvataḥ pṛthuḥ”ityetadupapadyate |
122.31
savīmani prasave |
122.32
suprathāḥ sarvataḥ pṛthuḥ ||
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit