Yāska's Nirukta 14
Niruktavṛtti 14
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 14.1 — 8 parts
14.1.1
"athāpi" idamaparamārambhaprayojanamasya | āha-kim iti ? ucyate-^1"jñānapraśaṃsā bhavatyajñānanindā ca " jñānaṃ ca praśasyate, ajñānaṃ ca nindyate | tatraivaṃ sati vayaimanindyāḥ syāma praśasyāśceti pariśeyaṃ niruktam | ato hi ādhyātmyadhidevatādhiyajñābhidhāyināṃ mantrāṇāmarthāḥ parijñāyinte, te ca parijñātāḥ santaḥ puruṣasyottamāya śreyase bhavanti | tadevamakhilapuruṣārthopakārasamarthaśāstramiti nyāyyamārabdhum || kva punarśānaṃ praśasyate'jñānaṃ ca nindyate ? iti | ucyate-loke, śāstre ca | loke tāvad yaḥ kaścid vidvān bhavati, sa pūjyate puṇyaphalairabhibhijainaiḥ, tadetat pratyakṣata eva dṛṣṭam | śāstre'pi "sthāṇurayaṃ bhārahāraḥ"^2-ityādi | sthāṇurvṛkṣaḥ, sa yathā patrapuṣpaphalānāmātmīyānāṃ dhāraṇamātreṇaiva sambadhyate, na tajjairgandharasarūpasparśopabhogasukhaiḥ | evañca "kila" asau "adhītya vedaṃ na vijānāti yo'rtham" tasya vedasyādhyayanabhāramātrameva hyasau vibharti | "yo'rthajña in sakalaṃ bhadramaśnute" ya evārthajño bhavati na granthamātrādhyetā, sa eva sakalamanavakhaṇḍitaṃ bhadram aśnute, arthaparijñānaphalamaśnute prāpnoti | kiṃ punastat ? iha loke pūjyatāmupetya śiṣṭānām, ito lokādantakāle "nākameti " yatrāmukhaṃ kiñcidapi nāsti, ādhyātmikamādhidaivikamādhibhautikaṃ vā, ["kaṃmiti sukhanāma, tat pratiṣiddhaṃ pratiṣidhyeta ' na vā amuṃ lokaṃ jagmuṣe kiñca nākam|' na vā amuṃ lokaṃ gatavate kiñca nāsukham | puṇyakṛto hyeva tatra gacchanti" iti nai0 kā0 a02,kha0 14,] tat sthānameti niratiśayam | kasmāt punarasauvīdṛśaṃ sthānameti iti ?
14.1.2
ucyate-itaḥ-yasmādasau "jñānavidhūtapāpmā" ye hi nākagamanapratibandhinaḥ pāpmānaḥ, te tasya jñānena vidhūtāḥ, ato'sāveti nākam | uktaṃcānyatrāpi-'na hi jñānena sadṛśaṃ pavitramiha vidyate' iti | athavā sthāṇurgadarbhaiḥ | sa yathā candanabhāraṃ vahatyevaṃ na tadupabhogainābhisambadhyate, evaṃ kilāsau yo granthamātrādhyetā, nārthajñaḥ | evaṃ tāvadasminjñānaṃ praśastam || athaitasmin ajñānaṃ nindyate,--"yad gṛhītarmāvijñātam"-iti | yad gṛhītaṃ gurumukhāt, avijñātaṃ cārthataḥ | kiñca, "nigadenaiva śabdayate " nigadamātreṇaiva nityakālaṃ śabdayate, uccāryate, na punararthato vicāryate | āha-kiṃ tasya ? ucyate-"anagnā- viva śuṣkaidho na tajjvalati karhicit” | śuṣkaṃ kāṣṭhamantamau pradeśe nālaṃ jvalanāya prakāśāya | evaṃ yo vedārthasyānabhijño'dhyetā sa vedādhyayanabhāramātreṇaiva sambadhyate, na tu tadīyena phalena, parijñānaṃ tu śreyasā cābhyudayena ca yunaktīti | tasmādetatparijñānāya avaśyaṃ niruktaśāstramārabdhavyamiti || sthāṇuśabdamarthaśabdaṃ ca udāharaṇaprasaktau nirvakti,-"sthāṇustiṣṭhateḥ" sthito hyasau nityakālameva bhavati, na kadācidapyāsīteti || "artho'rtteḥ” gatikarmaṇaḥ, aryyate hyasāvarthibhiḥ | '‘araṇastho vā” yadāsya svāmī arati gacchati ito lokādamuṃ lokaṃ tadāyamihaiva tiṣṭhati, nānenaiva sahāmuṃ lokaṃ gacchati dīnārādirarthaḥ, tatsāmānyāditaro'pi śabdārtho'rtha ucyate ||
14.1.3
na kevalaṃ smṛttāveva jñānapraśaṃsā ajñānanindā ca | kiṃ tarhi ? (ka) vede'pi “uta tvaḥ paśyan ( ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 2, 23, 4 )”-iti | vidyāsūkte dve apyete ṛcau bṛhaspaterārṣam | "uta" śabdo'piśabdena samānārthaḥ | “tvaḥ” eka ityarthaḥ | bahūnāmapi samānapṛṣṭhodarapāṇipādānāṃ samānamevādhyayanamadhīyānānām ekaḥ kaścit "paśyan"
14.1.4
nnapi "vācaṃ" manasā svabhyastādhyayano'pi tīkṣṇavidyaḥ san "na dadarśa" na paśyatyeva, artho'nabhijñatvāt | sa hi tāṃ samyak paśyati, yastasyā arthaṃ vijānāti | arthaparijñānaphalā hi vāgityabhiprāyaḥ | evamekaḥ "śṛṇvan" api "na śṛṇoti" "enāṃ" vācam | ya eva hi arthamavabudhyate vācaḥ, tenaiva hi sā samyak śrutā bhavati, netareṇa, itaro hyavidvān dhvanimātramevoccārayati yanna śṛṇoti vācam | evam "ardham" anenārddharcena "avidvāṃsamāha" nindan mantradṛk | sāmpratamuttareṇārddharcenārthajñaṃ praśaṃsannāha- "uto tvasmai" "apyekasmai" kasmaicidarthajñāya "tanvaṃ" śarīraṃ "visasre" visraṃsayati vivṛṇotītyarthaḥ | artho vācaḥ śarīraṃ taṃ vivṛṇoti || ātmānaṃ darśayatyekasmai kasmaicidarthajñāya "prakāśanasamarthasyāhānayā vācā" anena tṛtīyena pādenetyarthaḥ || kathaṃ tarhi vivṛṇute tanvam ? iti a̍taḥ - "upamotta̱mayā vācā" uttamena pādenocyate,-"jāyeva patya uśatī suvāsāḥ"-ityanena | yathā hi jāyā vivṛtasarvāṅgāvayavā bhūtvā uśatī "kāmayamānā" patye iṣṭāya bhartre premṇā darśayedātmānam | kasmin kāle ? yadā suvāsāḥ bhavati, nirṣiktavāsā bhavati | nirṣiktavāsā nīrajaskā "ṛtukāleṣu" tadā hyatitarāṃ strī puruṣaṃ prārthayate | ataḥ etayāvasthayopamīyate | "yathā saḥ" puruṣastām "enāṃ" yathāvat "paśyati" striyam, netaraṃ yā ghanapaṭaprāvṛtasarvagātrā | evaṃ " saḥ " eva enāṃ vācaṃ yathāvat "śṛṇotīti" | yaḥ padaśo'vacchidyaitāṃ vigṛhya cārthamasyāḥ paśyati samastavyastam | evamasyāmṛcīyam | "arthajñapraśaṃsā" | 19 |
14.1.5
apyekaṃ vāk sakhye sthirapītamāhū ramamaṇaṃ vipītārthaṃ devasakhye ramaṇīye sthāna iti vā vijñātārthaṃ canvāpnuvanti vāgjñeyeṣu balavatsvapi | adhenvā hyeṣa carati māyayā vākpratirūpayā nāsmai kāmāndugdhe vāgdohyān devamanuṣyasthāneṣu yo vācaṃ śrutavān bhavatyaphalāmapuṣpām ||
14.1.6
apīyamaparā ṛk asyā eva “uttarā” “tasya” asyaivārthasya prakṛtasya jñānapraśaṃsākhyasya phalābhidhānadvāreṇa “bhūyase” bahutarāya amunā phalenābhisambandhāt pratiṣṭhito'stvananityevaṃ “nirvacanāya” nirvvicya nirdhāryya vaktanaṃ kathanaṃ nirvacanam, tasmai nirvacanāya| tadyathā– “ uta̱ tva̍ṃ sa̱khye sthi̱rapī̍tamāhuḥ (ṛ0 saṃ0 8, 2, 24, 4)”–iti| “apyekam” api vahūn viduṣaḥ ‘sakhye’ sakhibhāve, katarasmin “devasakhye” devānāṃ samānakhyānatāyāṃ devasāyujye ityarthaḥ | vakṣyati hi,—“yāṃ yāṃ devatāṃ nirāha, tasyāstasyāstādbhāvyamanubhavati ( a0 13, khaṃ 13 )”—iti | athavā, devasakhye ramaṇīye sthāne | yasmin devānāṃ sakhibhāvaḥ, taddevasakhyaṃ sthānam, tasmin devasakhye ramaṇīye sthāne, devaloka ityarthaḥ | kim ? iti, “sthiram” avicālinem apracyavanadharmāṇam | kamevamāhuḥ ? “vipītārtham” āpītārthaṃ gṛhītārthamityarthaḥ | ka evamāva ? iyameva “vāk” ṛksaṃśitā | kiṃca, “nainaṃ hinvantyapi vājineṣu” | enaṃ vāgarthajñaṃ na hinvanti nānugantuṃ śaknuvanti | keṣu ? vājineṣu “vāgjñeyeṣu” artheṣu “balavatsu” “api” durjñeyeṣu duravaghaṭanīyeṣu, samudrapihitaratnasatribheṣu devatāparijñānādiṣu vyākarttavyeṣu | sa hi tān vyākarttuṃ śakroti, netare mandabuddhayo bahavo'pi samāgatāḥ śaknuvanti tānarthān vyākarttum, yānasau vyākaroti | ata etaduktam–nainaṃ hinvantyapi vājineṣu–iti | api evaṃ tāvadarthajñaḥ praśastaḥ ||
14.1.7
athedānīmavidvānuttareṇāṅgatvena nindyante— “adhenvā carati” “adhenvā hi eṣa carati” na hi sā vāk dhinotīha na paratra ca, yasyā artho na parijñāyate | tathā gṛhītayaiva tāmadhīyāna itaścetaścarati, tatpradhāna eva sarvataḥ paryyaṭatītyabhiprāyaḥ | kiñca, “māyayaiṣa” carati gṛhītayā | yathā hi kaścinmāyayā suvarṇaṃ bibhṛyāt, evamayaṃ “vāca̍m” eva etāṃ vibhartti | sā tādṛśī bhriyamāṇā “vāk” kiṃ karoti ? “nāsmai kāmān dugdhe”|| katamān?“dogdhān” ye tasyā vāco dogdhavyāḥ|kva?‘devamanuṣyasthāneṣu”devatāsthāneṣu manuṣyasthāneṣu ca| “yaḥ” kiṃ karoti ? yaḥevaṃ “śuśruvān” “śrutavān bhavati”|” katham ? “aphalāmapuṣpāmiti” evaṃ yaḥ śrutavān bhavati anyebhyaḥ sakāśāt, śrutvā ca dṛḍhagrāheṇa gṛhītvāvasthito bhavati, adhyayanādṛte nānyadasti vāci kiñcin mṛgyamiti || tasmai kim ? iti “aphalaivāsmā apuṣpā” ca “vāg bhavatīti” | yathaiva hyasau paśyati aphaleyamapuṣpā ceti tathaiva bhavatītyabhiprāyaḥ | atha “vā” “kiñcitpuṣpaphaleti vā” | etaduktaṃ bhavati-alpaphalāmalpapuṣpāmiti | kiṃ kāraṇam ? asti hyadhyayanamātre'pi kiñcidalpaṃ phalam, nāsau pariśramo vyartha eveti bhāṣyakārābhiprāyaḥ || āha--kiṃ punarvācaḥ puṣpaphalam ? iti | ucyate--“arthaṃ vācaḥ puṣpaphalamāha” etasmin mantre mantrahagāhakaḥ punarasāvarthaḥ ? iti | yājñaṃ daivata madhyātmamityeṣa vācaḥ samāsato'rthaḥ | sa punareṣa rūpakakalpanayā puṣpaphalavibhāgena dvidhā pravibhajyate,-“yājñadaivate” “puṣpaphale” “devatādhyātma vā” iti | yajñaparijñānaṃ yājñam, devatāparijñānaṃ daivatam, ātmanyadhi yad varttate tadadhyātmam |
14.1.8
sa eṣa sarvo'pi mantrabrāhmaṇarāśiravaṃ tredhā vibhaktaḥ | tatraivaṃ sati,-yadā abhyudayalakṣaṇo dharmo'bhipreyate, tadā yājñaṃ puṣpaṃ daivataṃ phalam | kiṃ kāraṇam ? pūrvaṃ hi puṣpaṃ bhavati phalārtham, yājñamapi ca | pūrvaṃ tanyate devatārtham, ityetasmāt sāmānyād yājñaṃ puṣpam, daivataṃ phalam | yadā punaniḥśreyasalakṣaṇo dharmo'bhipreyate, tadobhe api yājñadaivate puṣpatvameva bibhṛtaḥ | daivate hi yājñamantarbhūtameva tadarthatvāt, ato na pṛthagucyate | yat punaretaddvidaivataṃ sarvamapi prativiśiṣṭajñānenopāsanena mumukṣuṇā nirūpya cetasā ātmānameva pratyabhisampādyate kāryyakāraṇādhidevatādvāreṇa, so'yamevamadhidaivatamadhiyajñaṃ vo'ntaḥdyātmamevābhisampādayati, yathā puṣpabhāvamucchidya puṣpaṃ phalabhāvāyaiti | evaṃ so'yamātmayājyevābhisampadyate | tatraivaṃ sati-adhyātmārthatvādadhidaivatasya, adhyātmasya ca puruṣārthamya niṣpannatvāt, daivataṃ puṣpam, adhyātmaṃ phalamityevamuktam | 20 |
14.2
āha-kutaḥ punaridamāyātaṃ niruktaśāstraṃ pradhānamitarāṇi cāṅgāni iti ? ucyate-“sākṣātkṛtadharmāṇa ṛṣayo vabhūvuḥ” | sākṣāt kṛto yairdharmaḥ sākṣād dṛṣṭaḥ prativiśiṣṭena tapasā, ta ime sākṣātkṛtadharmāṇaḥ || ke punasta iti ? ucyate-ṛṣayaḥ | ṛṣanti amuṣmād karmmaṇa evamarthavatā mantreṇa saṃyuktādamunā prakāreṇaivaṃlakṣaṇaḥ phalavipariṇāmo bhava-
tītyṛṣayaḥ | “ṛṣirdarśanāt (nai0 2a0 11kha0)”—iti vakṣyati | tadetat karmaṇaḥ phalavipariṇāmadarśanamaupacārikyā vṛttyoktam,–sākṣātkṛtadharmāṇa iti | na hi dharmasya darśanamasti, atyantāpūrvo hi dharmaḥ |
āha–kiṃ teṣām iti ? ucyate–“te'varebhyo'sākṣātkṛtadharmabhya upadeśena mantrā nsamprāduḥ”| te ye sākṣātkṛtadharmāṇaste'varebhyo 'varakālīnebhyaḥ śaktihīnebhyaḥ śrutarṣibhyaḥ | teṣāṃ hiśrutvā tataḥ paścādṛṣitvamupajāyate,na yathā pūrveṣāṃ sākṣātkṛtadharmāṇāṃ śravaṇamantareṇaiva|| āha–kiṃ tebhyaḥ iti ? ucyate–te avarebhya upadeśena śiṣyopādhyāyikayā vṛttyā mantrān granthato'rthataśca samprāduḥ sampradattavantaḥ, te'pi copadeśenaiva jagṛhuḥ ||
atha te'pi “upadeśāya glāyanto'vare bilmagrahaṇāyemaṃ granthaṃ samāmnāsiṣurvedañca vedāṅgāni ca ”—iti | upadeśāya upadeśārtham | kathaṃ nāmopadiśyamānamarthamete śaknuyurgrahītumityetamadhikṛtya glāyantaḥ khidyamānāsteṣvagṛhṇatsu tadanukampayā teṣāmāyuṣaḥ saṅkocamavekṣya kālānurūpāñca grahaṇaśaktim | bilmagrahaṇāyemaṃ granthaṃ gavādi devapatnyantaṃ samāmnāsiṣuḥ samāmnātavantaḥ | kimetameva ? netyucyata–vedaṃ ca vedāṅgāni ca itarāṇīti ||
kathaṃ punaḥ samāmnāsiṣuḥ iti ? āha–śṛṇu | vedaṃ tāvadekaṃ santamatimahattvād duradhyeyamanekaśākhābhedena samāmnāsiṣuḥ, sukhagrahaṇāya vyāsena samāmnātavantaḥ | tadyathā– ekaviṃśatidhā bāhvṛcyam, ekaśatadhā ādhvaryavam, sahasradhā sāmavedam, navadhā ātharvaṇam| vedāṅgānyapi | tadyathā–vyākaraṇamaṣṭadhā, niruktaṃ caturdaśadhā–ityevamādi | evaṃ samāmnāsipurbhedena grahaṇārtham | kathaṃ nāma bhinnānyetāni śākhāntarāṇi laghūni sukhaṃ gṛhṇīyuṃrete śaktihīnā alpāyuṣo manuṣyāḥ,–ityevamarthaṃ samāmnāsipuriti ||
bilmagrahaṇaṃ bhāṣyavākyaprasaktaṃ nirbravīti–yadetat “bilmam” ityuktam, etad “bhilmam” vedānāṃ bhedanam | bhedo vyāsa ityarthaḥ | “bhāsanamiti vā” atha vā bhāsanameva bilmaśabdenocyate | vedāṅgavijñānena bhāsate prakāśate vedārtha iti | ata idamuktaṃ bilmamiti | evaṃ bhiderbhāsatervā bilmaśabdaḥ| evamidṛmṛṣibhyo niruktaśāstramāyotamitarāṇi cāṅgānīti pariśodhita āgamaṃḥ |
20 |
14.3
athedānīṃ nighaṇṭusamāmnāyaviracanā vaktavyā prakaraṇatrayavibhāgena sukhavyākhyānārthamasya śāstrasya | seyamucyate-"etāvantaḥ samānakarmāṇo dhātavaḥ"-"etāvantyasya sattvasya nāmadheyāni" iti | sa eṣa padarāśirnaighaṇṭukaṃ nāma prakaraṇam | etāvanta iti yā caiṣu dhātuṣu vyākhyātapadeṣu pratiniyatā saṃkhyā, sābhipreyate | tadyathā,-"gatikarmāṇa uttare dhātavo dvāviṃśaśatam ( a0 3, kha0 9, )" "kāntikarmāṇa uttare dhātavo'ṣṭādaśa ( a0 3 kha0 9, )" ityevamādi || etāvantyasya sattvasyeti yā nāmasu pratiniyatā saṃkhyā, sābhipreyate | tadyathā,"pṛthivīnāmadheyānyekaviṃśatiḥ" "hiraṇyanāmānyuttarāṇi pañcadaśa(a0 2 khaṃ0 10)" ityevamādi | yatraitāvarthoṃ prāyeṇa cintyete, prasaṅgato'nyad yat kiñcit | tadetad evalakṣaṇaṃ naighaṇṭukaṃ nāma prakaraṇam | gavādi, prāk 'jahā ( a0 4 kha0 2 )" śabdāt | atha punaryatra "etāvatāmarthānāmidamabhidhānam" ityarthaḥ prāyeṇa cintyate | tadyathā"ādityo'pyakūpāraḥ samudro'pyakūpāraḥ ( a0 4 kha0 18, )" ityevamādi | anavagatasaṃskārāśca nigamā jahādayaḥ prāyeṇa cintyante, prasaṅgato'nyat yat kiñcit | tadetadevalakṣaṇam aikapadikaṃ nāma prakaraṇam, jahādi, prāk agniśabdāt ( dai0 kā0 1, 3, 6 ) || atha punaryatra naighaṇṭuka devatānāmaprādhānyenāsminmantre, idamanyadatra prādhānyena vartate ityeṣa vibhāgaḥ prāyeṇa cintyate, tadevalakṣaṇaṃ daivataṃ nāma prakaraṇam, agniśabdādi devapatnyantam ( a0 10, kha 45, 46 ) | tānyetāni trīṇi prakaraṇāni-naighaṇṭukam, aikapadikam, daivatam iti | anena prakaraṇatrayavibhāgaprapañcenedamavasthitaṃ niruktaśāstramiti | "naighaṇṭukamidaṃ devatānāmaprādhānyenedamiti tadyadanyadaivate mantre nipatati naighaṇṭukaṃ tat" | idamuktaṃ naighaṇṭukamidaṃ devatānāmaprādhānyenedamiti, tatra na jñāyate kimidamuktaṃ bhavati, tadetalakṣaṇata upadidikṣyata iti paryupayuktastacchabdaḥ| yat abhidhānam anyadaivate, anyā yasmin pradhānadevatāḥ so'yamanyadaivataḥ, tasmin anyadaivate mantre| yamerthamangamyāṃ pradhānāyāṃ mantradevatāyāṃ nipatati nigamayati abhipreyujyamānamaṅgabhāvaṃ gacchati mantravākye naighaṇṭukaṃ tadityucyate, guṇabhūtamityarthaḥ | sañjñā hi tasyeyamasmicchāstre |
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14.4
tadyathā“aśva̱ṃ na tvā vāra̍vantaṃ vanda̱dhyā a̱gniṃ namo̍bhiḥ | . samrāja̍ntamadhva̱rāṇā̍m || (ṛ0 saṃ0 1, 2, 22, 1)” | asyāmṛci aśvo naighaṇḍukaḥ agniḥ pradhānam | śunaḥśepasyārṣam | gāyatrī | vāravatīyānuśaṃsane viniyuktā | sāmnaśca vāravantīyasya eṣā yoniḥ | 'aśvaṃ na tvā' aśvamiva tvāṃ he agne ! 'agnim' agre netāraṃ devānāṃ, 'vāravantaṃ' vālavantaṃ vṛṣāśvam | sa hi atitarāṃ vālavān bhavati | vanyate paricaryyaṃta ca | naṃ tathānye | tamiva tvāṃ 'vandadhye' vandāmahe stumaḥ | 'namobhiḥ' namaskāraiḥ, annairvā havirbhirudyataiḥ | ka punaravasthitam ? kathaṃ vā vandāmahe ? iti | 'samrājantam' dīpyamānam 'adhvarāṇāṃ' yajñānāṃ madhye'vasthitamuttaravedyādiṣu dhiṣṇyeṣu abhipretārthasiddhaye vandāmahe || vālaśabdasya nigamaprasaktasya nirvacanam,-“vālā daṃśa [ni']vāraṇārthā bhavanti” | tairhi daṃśādayo nivāryyante || daṃśaśabdasya prasaktānuprasaktasya nirvacanam,-"daṃśo 'daśateḥ” iti | daśati hyasau |
20 |
14.5
dvitīyamudāharaṇam“pratadviṣṇuḥ stavate vīryyeṇa mṛgo na bhīmaḥ kucaro giriṣṭhāḥ | yasyoruṣu triṣu vikrama̍ṇeṣvadhikṣiyanti bhuva̍nāni̱ viśvā̍|| (ṛ0 saṃ0 2,2,24,2)” |
kiñca,-
gayo nāmaindraputraḥ, tasyeyamārtham | triṣṭup | vaimṛdhasya haviṣo yājyā ( āpa0 sū0 2, 10 ) | indro'syāṃ pradhānam, mṛgo naighaṇṭukaḥ | 'mṛgo na' mṛga iva vyāghro vā siṃho vā | 'bhīmaḥ' bhīṣaṇaḥ | 'kucaraḥ' kutsitacaraṇaḥ, hiṃsraḥ, prāṇivadhajīvanaḥ | 'giriṣṭhāḥ, parvatāśrayaḥ | sa yathā kañcidanya prāṇiviśeṣa hanti | tenānabhibhūyamānaḥ 'parāvataḥ' parasmāt atidūrasthānāt, 'paramyāḥ' divaḥ sambandhinaḥ 'ājagantha' āgaccha | etadarthamāgatya ca iha karmaṇi he 'indra !' etadasmadvacaḥ kuru | 'sṛkam' yaḥ śatrūkośeṣu sattuṃ śaknoti | taṃ 'pavi' vajraṃ 'saṃśāya' tīkṣṇīkṛtya 'tigmaṃ' chedanāyotsāhavantaṃ suniśitaṃ kṛtvā tato 'vi tāḷhi' vitāḍaya, etān 'śatrūn' asmacchatrūn ekaprahāravarjitadehān kuruṣva | yānāṃpa ca saṃgrāmayuktān yuyutsūn na hi hinasti kathañcit tānapi 'mṛdhaḥ' hisakān 'vi nudasva' nānāprakāraṃ prerayasva dūramapunarāgamanāya || "atha ced devatābhidhānam" etat kucara iti, tataḥ "kvāyaṃ na caratīti" sarvatra caratīti | "giriṣṭhā" "meghasthāyī" iti ca | anupakṣī ṇaśaktayo hi vibhavo vedaśabdā yathāprajñapuruṣāṇāmarthābhidhāneṣu vipariṇamamānāḥ sarvatomukhā anekārthān prabruvantītyetadanena pradarśitaṃ bhavatītyatha ced devatābhidhānamiti || mṛgādiśabdān nigamaprasaktān nirbravīti, -"mṛgo mārgairgatikarmaṇaḥ" nityaṃ hyasau gacchati || "bhīmo bibhyatyasmāt" sarva eva hyasmād bibheti | bhīṣmaśabdaṃ sārūpyaprasaktaṃ nirāha-"bhīṣmo'pyetasmādeva" iti | "kucara iti, carati karma kutsitam" carati hyasau karma kutsitam, vyāghro vā siṃho vā "atha ceddevatābhidhānam" "kvāyaṃ na caratīti" devatābhidhānatve | "giriḥ parvataḥ" | "samudgīrṇo bhavati" samasto hyasāvudgīrṇa iva bhūmau bhavati || parvataśabdaṃ paryāyānuprasaktaṃ nirāha,-"parvavān parvataḥ" iti | śilāśikharasandhibhirasau tadvān hi bhavati || parvataśabdaṃ vigrahaprasaktaṃ nirāha, -"parva punaḥ pṛṇāteḥ" pūraṇārthasya | pūrayanti hi te śilāśikharasandhayo'khilaṃ parvatam | "prīṇātervā" tarpaṇārthasya | tat punaretat "arddhamāsaparva" | kiṃ kāraṇam ? "devād asmin" havirbhiḥ "prīṇantīti" | "tatprakṛtītaratsandhisāmānyāt" kālasandhiśca śilāsandhiśca
samānaṃ sandhitvamiti || daivatābhidhānapakṣe “meghasthāyī” giriṣṭāḥ | “megho'pi giriretasmādeva” asāvapi samudīrṇo bhavati antarikṣaloke |
20 |
14.6
“tadyāni nāmāni prādhānyastutīnāṃ, devatānāṃ taddaivatamityācakṣate | tadupariṣṭād vyākhyāsyāmaḥ | naighaṇṭukāni naigamāni iha iha” | tadetaducyate-sāmānyalakṣaṇopalakṣitaprakaraṇatrayavibhāgenāvasthito gavādirdevapatnyantaḥ samāmnāyo'yamānupūrthyā vyākhyāsyata iti paryupayuktastacchabdaḥ | yāni nāmāni prādhānyastutīnāmagnyādīnām, pradhānabhāvena yāḥ stūyante na nipātabhāktvena tā etāḥ prādhānyastutayo devatāḥ, tāsāṃ kila yāni nāmānyagnyādīni devapatnyantāni, tāni sarvāṇyapi samuditāni santi | etayaikayā sāmānyā prakaraṇasañjñayā ācakṣate ācāryāḥ | katamayā ? ucyate-daivatamityetayā nirūḍhā hīyametasmin naighaṇṭukaśabdasamudāye sañjñetyabhiprāyaḥ | tat punaretad daivataṃ prakaraṇam upariṣṭād vyākhyāsyāmaḥ asya śāstrasya || āha-kiṃ kāraṇam iti ? ucyate,-guṇapadeṣu vyākhyāteṣu pradhānadevatāpadāni sukhaṃ vyākhyāsyanta ityenenābhiprāyeṇa | devatāparijñānaṃ tatphalābhidhānaniṣṭhaṃ ca kathaṃ nāmedaṃ śāstraṃ syāt! iti | yāni punarnaighaṇṭukāni gavādīni, naigamāni ca jahādīni, tānīha prakaraṇadvaye naighaṇṭuke caikapadike ca vyākhyāsyāma ityetadevānuvarttate | ta ete gavādayo devapatnyantāḥ nighaṇṭavaḥ, tadekadeśo naighaṇṭukaṃ prakaraṇamiti nighaṇṭusañjñayā vyavahāro loke,-'nighaṇṭumadhīmahe' 'nighaṇṭumadhyāpayāmahe' iti | śāstre khalvapi naighaṇṭukaṃ prakaraṇamiti | naigamamityaikapadikam | “naighaṇṭukāni” ca padāni “naigamāni” ceha prakaraṇadvaye vyākhyāsyāmaḥ || adhyāyaparisamāptilakṣaṇārthaḥ paritoṣārtho vā dvirabhyāsa iti 1 |
20 | |
[ samāmnāyastaitracatuṣṭama̍teo'nye̱ye̍nipātāvā̍yurvātvānna̍nū̍naṃnūnaṃsātarkaṃcāndhvo'kṣa̍ṇvanto̱niṣṭhai̍ krāsohaiṃvirbhiraiṃ tīmānyathoṃ-
iti ṛjvarthāyāṃ niruktavṛttau jambū mārgāśramavāsina ācāryyabhagavaddurgasya kṛtau prathamo (ṣaṣṭho ) 'dhyāyaḥ samāptaḥ |
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit