Yāska's Nirukta 46

Niruktavṛtti 46

Language: Sanskrit

46.2

ya ete'rcatikarmāṇaḥ, etairhi medhāvina evārthanti, eta evādhikriyante taiḥ, ta eva hi stotuṃ śaknuvanti, netare amedhasaḥ || tasmāt "medhāvināmānyuttarāṇi caturviṃśatiḥ”| arcatikarmabhyaḥ uttarāṇi medhāvināmāni || kiyanti punastāni ? caturviṃśatiḥ 24 || katamāni punastāni ? “vipraḥ, vimraḥ gṛtsaḥ dhīraḥ,”—ityevamādīni || vividhānarthāṃnasya prāptuṃ dhātīti vipraḥ | dhīḥ prajñā, tadvān dhīraḥ, ro matvarthe | vigṛhya sadasi kathayatīti vimraḥ ityevamādi |
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46.3

āha—“medhāvī kasmāt ?” ucyate—sa hi “medhayā tadvān bhavati” || āha-‘“medhāḥ” | kasmāt ? sā hi “matau dhīyate” | matirbuddhiḥ, tasyāṃ yā puruṣaśaktirabhivyajyate, sā medhā ityucyate |
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46.4

. ya eva medhāvinaḥ, ta eva stotuṃ śaknuvantīti medhāvināmabhyaḥ "uttarāṇi" "stotṛnāmāni" || kiyanti punastāni ? "trayodaśa" 13 || katamāni punastāni ? "rebhaḥ, jaritā, kāruḥ"- ityevamādīni | rebho rebhate stutyarthasya | jaritā jarateḥ stutyarthasyaiva | kāruḥ karttā stomānām | ityevamādi yojyam | pratyakṣavṛttitvādasya śabdasya noktam-stotā kasmāditi |
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46.5

yajñeṣveva hi atiśayena devatānāṃ stutayaḥ prayujyanta iti stotṛnāmabhyaḥ "uttarāṇi" "yajñanāmāni" || kiyanti punastāni ? "pañcadaśa" 15 || katamāni punastāni ? "yajñaḥ, venaḥ, adhvaraḥ, medhaḥ"- ityevamādīni |
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46.6

āha- "yajñaḥ kasmāt" ? ucyate-yadetat "prakhyātaṃ yajatikarma" lokavedayoḥ | etadeva bhāvasādhanena śabdenocyate yajanaṃ yajña iti | atha "vā" "yācyo bhavatīti" yajñaḥ, yācyate hyatra | "yajño vai devānāmanaṃ samabhūt taṃ bhṛtyāḥ samabhāvayanniti ha vijñāyate" [ iti brāhmaṇe ] tasmād yācanād yajñaḥ ||
atha “vā” “yajurgiḥ” ayam “unnaḥ” iva saṃklinna iva “bhavati” bahutvodatra yajuṣām | athavā “bahu kṛṣṇājina ityaupamanyavaḥ” yadyadatra dṛśyate prativiśiṣṭaṃ sādhanaṃ kiñcit, tattat kṛṣṇājinamiti yajñaḥ | some tāvadajinadvayam, yajamāne'pyajinadvayam | avahanyamāneṣu hi haviḥṣu ajinaṃ dharmapātreṣvapyajinam, evaṃ śulbyā'saṅgaḥ| atha “vā” “yajūṣyenam” upakramādārabhyāntaṃ “nayantīti”yajñaḥ | [ oṃ venatiḥ kāntyarthaḥ kāmyante hi yajñād grāmapaśusvargādayaḥ tasmāt sa venaḥ yajña ityucyate | mamedaṃ dāsyatīti eva yajvabhiḥ tasmāt phalaṃ prārthyata iti meghaḥ | ityevamādi ] |
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46.7

yajñasambandhenaiva “ṛtviṅnāmāni uttarāṇi aṣṭau” | ṛtvijāṃ nāmāni ṛtviṅnāmāni || kiyanti punastāni ? aṣṭau 8 || katamāni punastāni ? “bhāratāḥ, kuravaḥ”ityevamādīni || bhriyante dakṣiṇābhiste iti bhāratāḥ | kurvanti karmāṇīti kuravaḥ ityevamādi |
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46.8

āha-“ṛtvik kasmāt”? ucyate-“īraṇaḥ” īrayitā hi sa stutīnāṃ bhavatīti ṛtvik |
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46.9

“ṛgyaṣṭā bhavatīti śākapūṇiḥ”ṛgbhirhyasau yogakārī bhavatīti ṛtvik |
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46.10

“ṛtuyājī bhavatīti vā” sa hi kālekāle devatāṃ yajatīti vā | ṛtau yājayatīti vā, sa hi kālekāle eva yājayate, nākāle |
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46.11

ṛtviksambandhenaiva “yāñcākarmāṇa uttare dhātavaḥ saptadaśa” 17 || katame punaste ? iti-“īmahe, yāmi, manmahe”-ityevamādayaḥ |

46.12

yāñcāsambandhenaiva “dānakarmāṇa uttare dhātavo daśa” 10 || katame punaste ? iti-“dāti, dāśati, dāsati”-ityevamādayaḥ |

46.13

dānasambandhenaiva “adhyeṣaṇākarmāṇa uttare dhātavaścatvāraḥ” 4 || katame punaste ? iti-“parisrava, pavasva”-ityevamādayaḥ | satkṛtya dātṛbhirdātuṃ pratigrahītṝṇāṃ prārthanā adhyeṣaṇetyucyate |

46.14

yācyamāno hi sarvo'pi svapitīti adhyeṣaṇākarmabhya uttarau “svapitikarmāṇau” | katamau punastau ? “svapiti, sasti”-“iti” svaśabdenaivoccārya dvigrahaṇamavadhāraṇārtham, etau eva “dvau” nigame na punastṛtīyo'stīti, alpatvādvā dvigrahaṇam |

46.15

“kūpanāmānyuttarāṇi caturdaśa” kūpameva hi āśritya maro mucyate, mṛtaḥ kūpa iva patito bhavatīti vā, svapitikarmabhyāmanantarāṇi kūpanāmānyucyante | kiyanti puna stāni ? caturdaśa 14 || katamāni punastāni ? “vabraḥ, kāṭaḥ, khātaḥ”ityevamādīni | vriyate hyasāvudakārthamiti vabraḥ | kamudakamatreti kāṭaḥ--ityevamādi |

46.16

āha--“kūpaḥ kasmāt” ! ucyate,-“ku pānaṃ bhavati” yatra hyasau bhavati tatra kutsitaṃ pānaṃ bhavati, sādhanāpekṣatvāt | “kupyatervā” yatsambādhādudakārthinaḥ kupyanti |

46.17

"stenanāmānyuttarāṇi caturdaśaiva" | rūpameva vyāśritya muṣṇanti stenā ityataḥ rūpanāmabhyaḥ uttarāṇi stenanāmāni || kiyanti punastāni ? caturdaśaiva 14 || katamāni punastāni ? "tṛpuḥ, ripuḥ" ityevamādīni | parebhyo dhanānyapahṛtyātiśayenāsāvātmānaṃ bhṛtyāṃśca tarpayatīti tṛpuḥ | limpatyasāvātmānaṃ pāpeneti ripuḥ | ityevamādi |

46.18

āha "stenaḥ kasmāt" ? ucyate "saṃstyānam" saṃhatam "asmin" "pāpakam" karma bhavati "iti" eṣa "nairuktāḥ" manyante || vaiyākaraṇānāmanyathāpi syādityabhiprāyaḥ |

46.19

·'nirṇītāntarhitanāmadheyānyuttarāṇi ṣaṭ' | nirṇītasya ca antarhitasya nāmadheyāni nirṇītāntarhitanāmadheyāni | uttarāṇi prakṛtebhyaḥ stenanāmabhyaḥ | stenā eva hyantarhitā bhavantītyeṣa sambandhaḥ stenanāmnāmantarhitanāmnāṃ ca || kiyanti punastāni ? ṣaṭ 6 || katamāni punastāni ? "niṇyam, sasvaḥ, sanutaḥ"-ityevamādīni | nirṇītamiva niṇyam | suptamiva sasvaḥ | santatamiva sanutaḥ,-ityevamādīni |

46.21

"dūranāmānyuttarāṇi pañca" 5 || antarhitaṃ yada bhavati, dūra iva hi tad bhavatītyeṣa sambandhaḥ || katamāni punastāni ? “āke, parāke, parācaiḥ"- ityevamādīni || ā kiyato deśāt etad varttataṃ iti vijñātavyametada bhavatītyāke | parāke parākrānte | parāṅmukhamañcita parācairityevamādi | yathaiva śrutāni cchandasi, tathaivaitāni samāmnātāni |

46.22

āha "dūra kasmāt" ? ucyate - "drutaṃ" hi tat "bhavati" adhvano mahattvāt | "durayaṃ vā" duḥkhaṃ hi tad gamyate prāpyata ityarthaḥ |

46.23

dūrasambandhenaiva "purāṇanāmānyuttarāṇi ṣaṭ" 6 || samāna hi kālādhvanormahattvaṃ dūrapurāṇayoḥ || katamāni punastāni ? "pratnam, pradivaḥ, pravayāḥ" -ityevamādīni|| prāktanaṃ pratnam|prāga dyutimadāmīditi pradivaḥ| prakṛṣṭavayāḥ pravayāḥ ityevamādi |

Linked texts (1)

Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit