Yāska's Nirukta 66
Niruktavṛtti 66
- Language
- Sanskrit
66.1
“dāvane ( 32 )”–ityedanavagatam | “dānasya”--ityavagamaḥ || “akūpārasya ( 33 )”–ityetadanavagatam | anekārtham | “akuparṇasya”– ityavagamaḥ || dvayorapyetayoreka eva nigamaḥ,– “yanmanya̍se vare̍ṇya̱mindra̍ dyu̱kṣaṃ tadābha̍ra | vi̱dyāma̱ tasya̍ te vayama̱kūpārasya dāvane̍ ||–( ṛ0 saṃ0 4,2,10,2)”iti|
atrerbhaumasyaiyamārṣam | acchāvākasya tārtīyasavanike avāpe viniyuktā, “yadindracitraṃ”—iti, iyaṃ ca || he 'indra !' 'yan' 'manyase' jānīṣe tvaṃ 'vareṇyaṃ' varaṇīyam, etaddhanamiti, 'dyukṣaṃ' ca, yat dyutinivāsabhūtam, dyutimadityarthaḥ | 'tat' asmabhyam 'ābhara' | kadācit tvamāhṛtyāpi na dadyāḥ ? ato brūmaḥ,--“tasya” tvayāhṛtasya dhanasya "vidyāma" labhemahi “te” tava svabhūtasya || kilakṣaṇasya ? “akūpārasya” “akuparaṇasya" akutsitapūraṇasyetyarthaḥ | yena labdhena supūrṇamātmānaṃ manyāmahe paryāptamaihikāya ca śreyase āmuṣmikāya cetyarthaḥ | “dāvane” “dānasya” ityarthaḥ | īdṛśasya bhāvakasya dhanasya vayameva labdhāraḥ syāmetyabhiprāyaḥ | evamiha yanmanyase vareṇyaṃ, dyukṣaṃ ca tadābhareti indra ucyamāno dhanasannidhānād dānādanyat kimucyate ? dhanameva hi prāyeṇa manuṣyaiḥ prārthyate, tasmādatrāśrūyamāṇo'pi dhanaśabdo'dhyāhṛtaḥ | tacca punaḥ prārthyamānaṃ bahu prārthyate | tasmādakūpārasyetyeṣa śabdo'tiparokṣavṛttiḥ| akuparaṇasya -ityevaṃ parokṣavṛttitve nāvasthāpya, tataḥ 'akutsitapūraṇasya' ityevaṃ, pratyakṣavṛttitvena vyākhyāyate | atra kurgiti kutsārthaḥ, paraṇaṃ pūraṇamucyate, kutsitaṃ paraṇaṃ kuparaṇam, na kutsitaṃ paraṇam akuparaṇam, tasya akuparaṇasya prabhūtasyetyarthaḥ|| dānasambandhādeva dāvane-ityeṣa śabdo dānārtha ityupapattiḥ|| etasmina mantre 'akūpārasya, dāvena'--ityayamanayoḥ padayoranukramaḥ, samāmnāye punaḥ 'dāvene, akūpārasya'- iti mantrapāṭhavyatikrameṇānukramaḥ| tena jñāyate'nyairevāyamṛṣibhiḥ samāmnāyaḥ samāmnātaḥ, anya eva cāyaṃ bhāṣyakāra iti, eko hi samāmnānaṃ bhāṣyaṃ ca kurvan prayojanasyābhāvādekamantragatāyoḥ pāṭhānukramaṃ nābhaṅkṣyat | avivakṣitāthām̐ścaite mantre nigamāḥ, teṣu sampattyā kākatālāyanyāyena kasmiṃścadekasminneva nigame dve pade agacchataste yathāpāgataṃ eva bhāṣyakāro vyācaṣṭe - ityadoṣaḥ |
4 |
18 |
66.2
“ādityo'pyakūpāraḥ”--iti “ucyate”| kiṃ kāraṇam ? sa hi akutsitasya mahato'dhvanaḥ pārayitā bhavati, udayādārabhya yāvadastamiti || “samudro'pyakūpāra ucyate” asāvapi hyakutsitapāraḥ ātmanaiva bhavati | “mahāpāraḥ”--iti paryāyeṇārthavacanam, vistīrṇapāra ityarthaḥ || “kacchapo'pyakūpāra ucyate” sa hi “na kūpamṛcchati” alpodakatvāt | kiṃ tarhi?, yatra bahu prakīrṇamudakam, tat sthānaṃ gantumicchati, samudraṃ nadīṃ vā | ākhyānaprasaktamucyate,-- “kacchapaḥ”, “kaccham” ātmano mukhasampuṭaṃ “pāti” rakṣati | sa hi kiñcid dṛṣṭvā svaśarīre eva mukhasampuṭaṃ praveśayati, sampuṭe hi kacchaśabdaḥ prasiddhaḥ, prāṇivācyaḥ kacchapuṭa iti ca || “kacchena” kaṭāhaina itarāṇyaṅgāni “pātīti vā, sa hi kiñcid dṛṣṭvā sarvāṇyaṅgāni kaṭāha evānupraveśya kūrmatvenāvatiṣṭhate | atha “vā” “kacchena” mukhasampuṭena “pibatīti” kacchapaḥ || vigrahaprasaktaḥ kacchaśabdo nirucyate,-ya eṣa “kacchaḥ” mukhasampuṭaḥ kaṭāho vāyaṃ kacchaḥ, āha--kimuktaṃ bhavati ? “khacchaḥ” ityucyate, sa hi “khaṃm̐cchadaḥ” svam ākāśaṃ chādayati, sa hi madhye susthiro bhavati | “ayampītaro nadīkaccha etasmādeva” kasaṃjñakena udakena “chādyate” iti kacchaḥ || ādityo'pyakūpāraḥ, samudro'pyakūpāraḥ, kacchapo'pyakūpāraḥ--ityeteṣu nigamāḥ paryeṣyāḥ |
4 |
18 |
66.3
“śiśīte ( 34 )”--ityetadanavagatam | ‘niśyati’ - ityavagamaḥ || “vi jyoti̍ṣā bṛha̱tā bhā̍tya̱gnirā̱virviśvāni kṛṇute mahi̱tvā | prāde̍vīrmā̱yāḥ saṃha̍te durrevāḥ śiśī̍te śrṛṅge̱ rakṣa̍se vi̱nikṣe̍ || ( ṛ0 saṃ0 3, 8, 15, 3 )”--iti nigamaḥ | vṛṣo nāma janaputrastasyeyamarṣam, ātreyasya vā kumārasya, ubhayorvā | prātaranuvākāśvinayoḥ śasyate || ‘vi bhāti’ ‘agniḥ’ nānāprakāraṃ bhāti | kena ? ‘bṛhatā jyotiṣā’ sa evaṃ vibhāsamānaḥ kiṃ karoti ? 'āvirviśvāni kṛṇute' āviḥ kṛṇute āviṣkaroti prakāśokaroti viśvāni sarvāṇi bhūtāni | 'mahatvā' mahattvenetyarthaḥ | kiñca, 'prādebīrmāyāḥ sahate' prasahate prakarṣeṇābhibhavati | kim ? adevīrmāyāḥ āsurīrityarthaḥ | 'durevāḥ' duravāḥ, dustarpā vā, na hyagnestṛptirasti | kiñca, "śiśīte śṛṅge" yathā hi vṛṣabhastaṭānighnan śṛṅge tīkṣṇīkaroti, evamagnirapi dārūṇi dahaṃstīkṣṇīkaroti jvālāḥ | kamarthaṃ puraskṛtya ? - "rakṣase vinikṣe" "rakṣaso vinikṣapaṇāya" vihiṃsanāyetyarthaḥ || atra śṛṅgaśabdasannidhānāt śiśīte -ityasya tīkṣṇārthatvam, tīkṣṇīkṛtairharcirbhirvinikṣepaṇamupapadyata iti || nigamaprasaktamucyate, - "rakṣaḥ rakṣitavyam" hi śarīram "asmāt" bhavati, taddhi rakṣo mānuṣān bhakṣayati | "rahasi vā" vivikte pradeśe rakṣaḥ "kṣaṇoti" hinastītyarthaḥ| "rātrau nakṣate" gacchati- "iti vā" rakṣaḥ |
18 |
66.4
"sutukaḥ (35)" ityetadanavagatam | pakṣeṇa cānekārtham | "sutukanaḥ" - ityavagamaḥ, "sutukanairiti vā" || "ma ā va̍kṣi mahi̱ na ā ca̍ satsi di̱vaspṛ̍thi̱vyora̍ra̱tiryu̍va̱tyoḥ | a̱gniḥ su̱tuka̍ḥ su̱tuke̍bhi̱raśvai̍ra̱bhaṃsva̍dbhī ra̱bhaṃsvā 1 eha ga̍myāḥ || ( ṛ0 sa0 7, 5, 31, 7)" iti nigamaḥ || tritasyeyamārṣam āptyasya | prātagnuvākāśvinayoḥ śasyate || yastva 'divampṛthivyoḥ' 'yuvatyoḥ' mammiśrībhavantyoḥ yāni bhūtāni antarā varttante, teṣāṃ sarveṣām 'aratiḥ' tvamevālamatiḥ, paryāptamatirityarthaḥ | 'saḥ' evalakṣaṇastvamasmākam 'āvakṣi' āhvayasi devān, 'mahi' mahat ityarthaḥ | sa evam 'āsatsi ca' āsīdasi ca hotṛtve | "agniḥ"ityetat pada sambodhanatvena vipariṇamyate, ā vakṣi-ā ca satsi-iti madhyamapuruṣayogānmantrasya | he 'agne !' yastvamevaṅguṇayuktaḥ 'sutukaḥ' "sutukanaḥ" sugamana ityarthaḥ, athavā "suprajāḥ" | tugityupatyanāmasu paṭhitam | hiraṇyamapatyamabhipretamagneḥ' 'hiraṇyeretā agniḥ' - iti śrūyate, 'agnerapatyaṃ prathamaṃ suvarṇam' - iti ca| 'sutukanaiḥ 'eva sugamanaiḥ'aśvaiḥ' atha "vā" "suprajobhiḥ" kulajairityarthaḥ | athavā śobhanā prajā yeṣāṃ
te suprajāḥ, śobhanānāmevāśvānāṃ śobhanāḥ prajā bhavantīti prajādvāreṇa cāśvā evaite śrūyante, aśvadvāreṇa cāgniḥ stūyate || athavā sa evāgniḥ sutukaḥ suprajāḥ apatyaṃ cāsya sarvāḥ prajāḥ, tāśca prati kalyāṇa iti suprajāḥ | 'rabhasvadbhiḥ' tvaritaiḥ 'rabhasvān' svayaṃ ca tvaritaḥ 'eha gamyāḥ' āgacchestvamiha mama karmaṇi, nityaṃ havīṃṣi voḍhum, karmaiva tavedamityabhiprāyaḥ | evametadiha sutukaḥ-ityagniviśeṣaṇam, sutukanairaśvairitye tasmāt tṛtīyāsambandhādityapapattiḥ |
18 |
66.5
"suprāyaṇāḥ (36)" ityetadanavagatam | "supragamanāḥ" iti śabdapratītiḥ | yajñagṛhadvāro'bhidheyā yāskamatena, śākapūṇestu arciṣaḥ || "hotā̍ yakṣa̱ddura̱ ṛ̱dhvā ka̍va̱ṣyo̱'ko̍ṣadhāvanīrudā̱tābhi̍rjihīta̱tāṃ vi̱ pakṣo̍bhiḥ śrayantā̍ su̱prāya̍ṇā a̱smin ya̱jñe viśra̍yantāmṛ̱tāvṛdho̱ vyantvājya̍sya̱ hota̱ryaja̍ || (ya0 kā0 saṃ0 vā0 saṃ0 28, 5)" iti nigamaḥ | maitrāvaruṇo bravīti, -'hotā yakṣat' hotā yajatu | kim ? etāḥ 'duraḥ' yajñagṛhadvāraḥ, athavaitā agnyarciṣaḥ | 'ṛdhvāḥ' mahatyaḥ || athavā hrasvāḥ, dāyaiva hi yo nivāraṇīyaḥ, sa hiṃsyate, arciṣāṃ tu hrasvatvamupapadyata eva | 'kavaṣyaḥ' vikasitāḥ, vikuṇitāḥ suṣira ityarthaḥ, kapāṭavatyo vā yajñagṛhadvāraḥ | 'akoṣadhāvanīḥ' akośadhāvanīḥ, tāsu hi saṃvṛtāsu dravyakośāḥ surakṣā bhavanti, arciḥṣvapi haviḥ prakṣiptaṃ nānyato dhāvati | kiṃ tarhi? devāneva prāpnoti, etadakośadhāvanītvamarciṣām | evaṃlakṣaṇā etā dvāraḥ, arciṣo vā "udāttābhirjihītām' ujjihatām uttiṣṭhantu, ātābhiḥ digbhiḥ, 'viśrayantām ca 'pakṣobhiḥ' vivriyante kapāṭasaṃvaraṇaiḥ dvāraḥ, arciṣastu haviṣo'nupraveśārtham pakṣābhiḥ svairevāvayavairviśrayantām | vivṛtāśca satyaḥ "suprāyaṇāḥ" "supragamanāḥ" bhavantu ṛtvijaṃ prati dvāraḥ || atha punararciṣastato haviṣaḥ supragamanāḥ santu | sāmānyamevedamāśāsta yat, punastesminneva varttamāne karmaṇyāśāste,- "asmin yajñe" "viśrayantāṃ" vivriyantām 'ṛtāvṛdhaḥ' yajñavarddhayitryaḥ | yā etā evaṃlakṣaṇā dvāraḥ, arciṣo vā, tā asyāḥ 'ājyasya vyantu' ya āsāṃ svāṃśaḥ, taṃ pibantu | he 'hotaḥ !' tvamapi mayā praṣitaḥ 'yaja' etāḥ || evameṣa suprāyaṇāḥ -iti dvāramarciṣāṃ vā sannidhau śrūyamāṇaḥ supragamanābhidhāyītyupapadyate |
18 |
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit