تحفة النظار في غرايب الامصار وعجايب الاسفار 11.2.1

11.2.1

His name is spelt with a over the first lām, the second unvowelled, i under the mīm, and a dotted shīn. He was the first to rule the kingdom in the city of Dihlī independently. Before becoming king he was a mamlūk of the amīr Quṭb al-Dīn Aybak, commander of his army and his deputy. When Quṭb al-Dīn Aybak died he seized sole power and made the people swear allegiance. The jurists came to him, led by the chief qāḍī of the time, Wajīh al-Dīn al-Kāsānī; they went in to him and sat before him, the qāḍī sitting beside him as was customary. The sultan understood what they wished to speak to him about, so he lifted the edge of the carpet he was sitting on and brought out for them a deed of his manumission. The qāḍī and the jurists read it and all swore allegiance to him, and he ruled independently. His reign lasted twenty years; he was just, pious and virtuous.