Eastern Indian School of Mediaeval Sculpture c12: Index

Eastern Indian School of Mediaeval Sculpture c12

Language: English

c12.205 — 4 parts

Index

abhaya . . . . . See mudrās. Achyuta . . . . . A form of Vishṇu, 102. Adhikṛita . . . . . Officer, 121. Adhokshaja . . . . . A form of Vishṇu, 101. Adina Masjid . . . . 5, 162. Ādityasena (Gupta Dynasty) . . Form of the letter “ śa ” during the reign of, 24, 28. Agni . . . . . Images of, 120. Ajātaśatru (King of Magadha) . . Devadatta’s influence over, 69. “ Vichāra ” in the presence of, 73. akshasūtra . . . . . See Emblems of gods and goddesses. Akshobhya . . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. Alcock, A., Lieut.-Colonel . . 142. ālīḍha . . . . . See under Postures. Alms-bowls . . . . . Presentation of, See under Buddhacharita. āmalaka . . . . . See under Architecture. Amarāvatī . . . . . See under Schools of Sculpture. Amarkantak . . . . . Temple of Karṇa at, 149. Amitābha . . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. amlasīla . . . . . (A band encircling the middle of a capital) 157. Amoghasiddhi . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. Aṇahilapāṭaka . . . . Chaulukyas of, 5. Ananta Cave . . . . 9. Anderson, John . . . . 1, 19, 44, 60, 92, 94, 96, 155. Andher . . . . . Stūpas of, 153. Aniruddha . . . . . A form of Vishṇu, 102. aṅkuśa . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. Annam . . . . . Relation between the Sculpture of India and that of, 129. Annandale, Dr. N., the late . . 1. Aparājitā . . . . . See under Dhyānī-Buddhas. Aphsad . . . . . Inscription 24. Columns 157. Arapachana . . . . . See under Bodhisattva Mañjuśrī. Arch . . . . . See under Architecture. Architecture . . . . . See also Temples. Miniature temples 151-52. Stūpa, 152-54. Temple types 147-51. Architectural members . . . 154-63. Śikharas— in Bihar and Sibbati stele, 45, 47, 152. of different temples, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151. in miniature temples, 152. on lintels, 161.

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*Chaitya*, windows : a specimen with a medallion representing Viṣṇu, 107. roofing a metal *chaitya*, 142. ornaments in temples, 148. in a miniature temple, 152 representation on door-frames, 159. discontinuance of the use of, in the E. School, 161, 162.

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*āmalakas* : in the temple depicted on Sibbati stele, 46. in the Barakar temples, 150, 151. in the Begunia temple, 151. in a miniature temple from Bāṇarājā's Garh, 152.

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*Kīrttimukhas* : ornament in an image of Buddha, 136. around the base of the drum of a votive stūpa, 142. in the panels of the *Śikhara* of the temple of Ichhai Ghosh, 150. in a miniature temple from Bāṇarājā's Garh, 152. in a column from Rājmahal, 155, 156. on door-frames, 159.

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*Garbhagriha* : of the temple at Bodh Gaya, 46. the walls of, in the Barakar temples, 151.

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*Maṇḍapas* and *ardha-maṇḍapas* : of Viṣṇupāda temple, 154. of a temple from near Pabna, 157.

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Pillars, 155-58. *amlasīla* band, 157. Finials, 158. *tōraṇas*, 126, 158, 159. Door-frames, 159-160. Lintels, 160-61. Pierced stone, windows, 162. Arches, 162.

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Ardha-Nārīśvara . . . . . an intermediate class of Śaiva images, 111. *ardha-maṇḍapa* . . . . . See under Architecture. *ardha-paryaṅka* . . . . . See under Postures. *arghapaṭṭa* . . . . . . with *liṅga*, a popular form of Śiva, 110. Ārya-Mārīchī . . . . . a form of Mārīchī, *See under Dhyānī-Buddha Vairochana*. Ārya-Tārā . . . . . . see under Dhyānī Buddhas. Asherah . . . . . . . Grove of the Assyrians, 156. Ashrafpur . . . . . . metal *chaitya* at 132, 138, 142, 154. *Aṣṭa-bhujā* . . . . . a form of Pārvatī and Durgā, 114. asi (Sword) . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. Asita Dēvala . . . . . Prediction of, *See under Buddhacharita*. Aśoka (Emperor) . . . . 6, 7, 8, 9, 63. pillars of, 7; Rock Edicts of, 8. *Aśokakāntā* . . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. *aśoka* Tree . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses.

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Belahan . . . . . . Vishnu image from, 128. Benares . . . . . . See under Schools of Sculpture. Berlin . . . . . . Bas-relief, 51. Bhadiswar . . . . . Manasā image from, 122. Bhadrapur . . . . . Shaḍaksharī Lokanātha image from, 88. *Bhadravargīya-pañchaka* . . . Representation of, 15, 64. Bhāgalpur . . . . . Buddha image from, 136. *Bhāgavata* . . . . . A class of Vaishṇava images, 96. . . . . . . . . A sect of the Vaishṇavas, 124, 139. *Bhaikshukī-lipi* . . . . 39, 50 n. 2, 92. Bhairava . . . . . Form and image of, 110. Bhandarkar, Dr. D. R. . . On Kushāṇ Era, 12. Bharhut . . . . . . Indication of Buddha’s presence in the School of, 10. . . . . . . . . Bas-reliefs at, 11, 13. . . . . . . . . Māyā’s dream on the railing of the stūpa of, 16, 63. . . . . . . . . *Devāvatāra* Scene on the railing of the stūpa of, 79. . . . . . . . . Omission of the *Mahāparinirvāṇa* in the School of, 81. . . . . . . . . Representation of Vases in the stūpa of, 155. Bhattacharya, Dr. Binayatosh . Work on Buddhist Iconography, 84, 85, 90, 93, 98. . . . . . . . . Identification of Mahāpratisarā images, 92. . . . . . . . . Similarity between his quotation of the *Sādhana* of Vajracharchikā and the rare specimen of “Charchikā” in the Rajshahi Museum, 97. Bhattasali, Nalinikanta . . 2, 21, 41, 103, 131, 134. *Bhikshu* . . . . . . On the Vajratāra image from Patharghata, 98 and the aged man, see under Buddhacharita. Bhoja (Mihira and Ādivarāha) . Conquest of Magadha by, 132. Bhonsles (of Nagpur) . . Hindu power under, 151. Bhṛikuṭī . . . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddha Amitābha. Bhumara . . . . . . Earlier forms of Mahishamarddinī at, 114. . . . . . . . . Absence of Śikharas in the early Gupta temples at, 148. . . . . . . . . Door of the sanctum in the Gupta temple at, 159. . . . . . . . . Chaitya, windows in the temples at, 107, 162. *bhūmisparśa* or *sākshī* . . See under *mudrās*. Bhūtadāmara . . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. Bhuvanesvar . . . . . Brahmeśvara temple at, 151. Bhuvaneśvarī . . . . . Image of, 123. Bihar . . . . . . . Province: . . . . . . . . Revival of art in, 2, 3, 133; artistic activity in, with the rise of the Senas, 4; inscribed pillars of Aśoka in, 6; images from, 19, 22, 23, 133; Agni images in, 120; Nāga and Nāgī images in, 122; relation between Suvarṇadvipa and, 127; metal-casting ceases in, 141; utensils of daily worship in, 143; pillars in, 155. . . . . . . . . Town: . . . . . . . . Palæographical examination of the inscribed images from, 2, 21, 23, 137; architectural members from, 5; Buddha image from, 21; Pārvatī image from, 22, 130, 138; destruction of the monasteries of, 41; stele from, representing incidents from the life of Buddha, 44, 45, 46, 50, 53, 54, 61, 62, 63;

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images from, depicting the “ Miracle of Śrāvastī ” 77 ; images from, depicting particular incidents, 85, 86 ; a peculiar Bodhisattva image from, 94 ; Viṣṇu images from, 103, 106, 127, 128, 135 ; image of the combination of Śiva and Pārvatī from, 111, 112 ; images of various forms of Pārvatī and Durgā from, 114, 115 ; so-called Caṇḍī images from, 115, 116 ; Saptamātṛkā images from, 117 ; Sūrya image from, 118 ; Māra or Kāma images from, 123 ; Narasimha image from, 125 ; Śaiva images from, compared with other specimens, 125 ; Tārā image from, 140 ; Mahābōdhi temple represented in the stele from, 152 ; door frames from, 159 ; lintels from, 161.

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Biharoil . . . . . Buddha image from, 17. Bilhari . . . . . Images of the Boar Incarnation of Viṣṇu from, 104. Birbhum . . . . . Śaiva images from, 125. bird . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. Birmingham . . . . Metal image of Buddha in the Museum at, 137. Birth of Buddha . . . See under Buddhacharita. Birth of Kṛṣṇa . . . See under Kṛṣṇa. Bishanpur Tandwa . . A gigantic figure from, representing “ Illumination ”, 86. Bitpālō . . . . . See under Sculptors. Bloch, Dr. Theodor, the late . Study of Eastern mediæval sculpture begun by, 1, 2. On the date of Mahābōdhi railing, 8. Classification and arrangement of the Calcutta collection made by, 19. Identification of, “ Markaṭa-hrada ” at Basarh made by, 67. On the “ Illumination ” images of the Eastern School, 86. On the dates of “ Muṇḍeśvarī ” and Gadādhara temples, 148. Excavation of Maṇiyar Math by, 153.

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Boar Incarnation . . . See under Viṣṇu. Bodh Gaya or Buddha Gaya . Revival of art in, 2. Railing at, 8. Ancient School of art at, 10. Torso of a Bodhisattva from, 13. Buddha images from, 17, 22, 36, 39. Inscribed pedestal dedicated by Gopāla II, 22, 33. Palatal sibilant in the inscriptions from, 24, 25. Images representing the “ protection of Buddha by Nāga Muchalinda ” from, 25, 63. Terracotta plaques from, 29, 152. Mañjuśrī figure from, 32. Record of pilgrims at, 41, 42. Buddhist shrines at, 42. Great Temple of, 44, 46, 147, 148,. Śikhara of the Great temple of, 45. The temple in the Bihar stele compared with the temple of, 46, 53, 152. The temple in the Sibbati stele compared with the temple of, 53, 152. Image bas-relief at the temple of, 48.

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Stele from, representing the “Birth” Scene, 52. “Ploughing” Scene in one of the medallions on the railing at, 54. “Bodhisattva in Meditation” in one of the medallions on the railing at, 54. Figure of Earth-goddess on a pedestal from, 60. Image representing the Seven Past Buddhas from, 85. Simhanāda Lokēśvara image from, 89. Trailokya Vijaya image from, 93. Figure of Bodhisattva holding a jewel from, 94 n. 1. Tāntrika Buddhist images at, 99, 100. Dharmmapāla’s inscription at, 111. Copper chaitya from, 142. The Konch temple compared with the temple at, 148. Buddhist temples, copies of the temple at, 151. Miniature temple from, 152. Votive stūpa from, 153, 154. toraṇa in front of the great temple of, 158. Arches in the great temple at, 162. Footprints of Buddha from and around the temple at, 163.

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*bōdhi-druma* (Bodhi tree) . . 58. Bodhisattva . . . . Images of, 11, 28, 29, 30, 32, 35, 38, 39, 40, 46, 128, 135, 138. Torso of, 13. In the Benares School, 14, 15, 16. In an image of Buddha, 27. In bas-reliefs, 37, 46, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 62, 75, 79, 108. Seven Steps of, 52. In the “Birth” Scene, 53, 108. In the “Meditation” Scene, 54, 56. In the *Mahābhinishkramaṇa* Scene, 54, 55, 56. In the scene of “Leave taking of Kaṇṭhaka”, 56. In the scene of “Changing robes”, 56. In the scene of “Cutting hair”, 56, 57. In the scene of “Emaciation”, 57. In the scene of “Illumination” or calling on the Earth-goddess as witness, 57. In the scene of “Māra’s Attack”, 62. In the *Sādhanas*, 84, 87-96. Emanated from the Divine Buddhas, 85. In the Buddhistic Pantheon, 87-96. Among Buddhistic Tāntric images, 99. Around votive stūpas, 142, 152, 154. Bodhisattvas . . . . different species of, 87-96. Avalokitēśvara, *see also* Lokēśvara and Lokanātha, an emanation of Amitābha in the *Sādhanas*, 87 ; image of, representing some long forgotten form of Vishṇu, 134. Lokanātha— *See also* Lokēśvara and Avalokitēśvara. images of, 23, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 35, 38, 40, 81, 87, 88, 99, 132, 137, 138, 139.

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inscribed image of, 23. images of, with six hands, 27, 28, 29, 30, 88. images of, with two hands, 27, 28, 29, 38, 87. images of, with four hands, 30, 32, 88, 137, 138. images of, with disproportionate limbs, 35, 132. best image of the degenerate period, 35. image of, in the *mahārājalīlā* posture, 38. image of, in the *ardhaparyaṅka* posture, 38. in a *Devāvatāra* image, 81. as an emanation of Amitābha in the *Sādhanas*, 87. Varieties of the images of, 87, 88. Ṣaḍakṣarī Lokanātha, image of, 88. Among the majority of the Buddhist images of the 8th and 9th century, 99. a long-forgotten form of Viṣṇu identical with, 134.

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Lokēśvara— See also Lokanātha and Avalokitēśvara. images of, during the degenerate period of artistic activity in the Eastern School, 4. in the “Illumination” scenes of the Eastern School, 86. as an emanation of Amitābha in the *Sādhanas*, 87. Varieties of the images of, 87, 88, 89. descriptions of, in the *Sādhanas*, 87, 88, 89. blending of the image of, with that of Viṣṇu, 94, 96. among the majority of Buddhist images of the 8th and 9th Century, 99. during the first renaissance period of the Eastern School, 99. among the Buddhist Tāntrika images, 100.

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Halāhala Lokēśvara— description of, in the *Sādhanas*, 89.

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Hari-hari-hari-vāhan-ōdbhava Lokēśvara— description of, in the *Sādhanas*, 89.

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Khasarpaṇa Lokēśvara— image of, 40, 87, 89. description of, in the *Khasarpaṇa Sādhana* of Padmākaramati, 89.

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Māyājālakram-Āryāvalokitēśvara— a form of Lokēśvara, in the *Sādhanas*, 88.

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Siṃhanāda Lokēśvara— mention of, in the *Sādhanas*, 89. image of, 89.

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Maitrēya : images of, 29, 89, 135, 139, 140. in a bas-relief representing the Seven Past Buddhas, 37, 85. as an attendant figure in a Bodhisattva image, 38. in a “Devāvatāra” Scene, 81. in “Illumination” Scenes, 86. Lokanātha, a predecessor of, according to *Sādhanas*, 87.

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rarity of the images of, in the Eastern School, 89. different forms of, in the *Sādhanas*, 89.

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Mañjuśrī : images of, 28, 32, 35, 38. in a metal stele representing " Illumination ", 62. different names of (according to *Sādhanas*) :—Mañjudeva, Mañjughosha, Mañjukumāra, Mañjuvajra, Mañjuvara, Vāgīśvara ; 90, 91. Classification and description of the images of (according to *Sādhanas*) :— Emanations of Amitābha : Dharmmadhātu-Vāgīśvara, 90. Vāk, 90. Emanations of Akshobhya : Nāmasaṅgīti Mañjuśrī, 90. Siddhaikavīra, 90. Vajrānaṅga, 90. Emanations of the five *Dhyānī* Buddhas : 90, 91, 93. Mañjukumāra, 90, 91, image of, 91. Mañjuvajra, 90. Mañjuvara, 90, image of, 90. Vāgīśvara, 90, image of, 90. independent forms and description of— Arapachana, 91. Mañjunātha, 91. Sthirachakra, 91 ; image of, 91. Vādirāt, 91. Peculiar forms, 94-96. Seated image with leg hanging down, etc., 94. images with snake hoods, 94. Lōkēśvara-Vishṇu, type, 94-96. Other forms : Padmapāṇi, figure of, 45, 62, 79 ; Vajrapāṇi, in a Lōkanātha image, 28 ; image of, 29, 37.

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Bogra . . . . . Vishṇu images from, 108. images of Śiva and Durgā from, 133, 139.

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Boston . . . . Śiva and Durgā image in the Museum of Fine Arts at, 139.

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bottle . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses.

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Brahmā . . . . in a " *Dēvāvatāra* " image, 26. in the Bihar stele, 50. in a specimen in the Rajshahi Museum, 51. in a bas-relief in the Mathurā Museum, 52. in the bas-relief on the railing of Bharhut stūpa, 79. in the " *Dēvāvatāra* " bas-reliefs of different schools, 80, 81. in the " *Mahāparinirvvāṇa* " scene of the Benares School, 82. in the bas-reliefs of the Eastern School depicting the " Birth of Krishna ", 107, 108. in specimens of the Eastern School representing Śiva and Durgā, 113.

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comparison of the proportions of the images of, with those of South India as indicated in works of iconography, 114.

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images of, in the Eastern School and description in the Matsyapurāṇa, 119, 120.

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figure of, in a tall slender column from Rajmahal, 156.

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Brahmāṇī . . . . . image of, 117.

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Brahmēśvara . . . . . temple of, 151.

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Brick temple . . . . . See under Temples.

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British Museum . . . . Specimens of the Eastern School in, 20.

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Manuscript of Gopāla II in, 33.

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Broadley, A. M. . . . . 1, 104, 106, 154, 155.

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description of a Nālandā jamb by, 160.

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Buddha . . . . . images of, 3, 9, 10, 17, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 35, 36, 39, 40, 43-83, 85, 89, 100, 128, 131, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 146, 152, 153.

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bas-reliefs representing the life of, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 25, 26, 31, 35, 37, 43-83, 85, 108, 153, 154; see also under Buddhacharita.

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bones of, 10.

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figure of, in the Gandhāra and other schools, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 43-83, 85, 86, 99.

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in the Sādhanas, 84, 89.

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in the Tāntrika works, 87.

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female counter-parts of, 97.

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in images of the ten incarnations of Viṣṇu, 103.

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figure of, around votive stūpas, 153.

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avatāra, represented on a column from Rajmahal, 156.

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representation of, on jambs, 159.

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repesentation of, on a curved lintel, 161.

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representation of the Footprints of, 163.

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Buddhacharita (or life of representation of, 43-83. Buddha).

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Scenes from.

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Seven Past Buddhas, 37, 85.

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Māyā’s Dream, 16, 150.

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Māyā in the Lumbinī Garden, 45, 50, 51, 52.

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Birth of Buddha, 31, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 65, 68, 85, 108.

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Bath of new-born Buddha, 16.

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Taking the First Seven Steps, 50, 51, 52.

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Prediction of Asita Dēvala, 46, 53.

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Bodhisattva going to School, 46, 53.

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Bodhisattva enjoying the pleasures of his domestic life, 55.

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Ploughing scene, 54.

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Bodhisattva seeing the Bhikshu and the aged man, 54.

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The First Meditation, 46, 54, 55, 56.

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Buddha’s Departure from Home (Mahābhinishkramaṇa), 46, 54.

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Leave-taking of Chhandaka and Kaṇṭhaka, 46, 56, 57.

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Change of garments, 46, 56, 57.

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Bodhisattva cutting his hair, 56, 57.

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Emaciation of the Bodhisattva, 46, 57. Presentation of Pāyasa by Sujātā or Nandabālā, 46, 57. Temptation by Māra's daughters, 58, 59, 61. Attack and Defeat of Māra (Māra-dharṣaṇa), 44, 45, 47, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62. Enlightenment (Sambodhi), 16, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62, 65, 66, 68, 85, 86. Calling on the Earth-goddess as witness, 57, 58, 60, 62. Presentation of alms bowls, 58. Offering of food by a female, 60. Protection by Nāga Muchalinda, 46, 63. First Sermon (Turning the Wheel), 46, 47, 48, 49, 63, 64, 65, 67, 70, 71, 76, 77, 85. Homage of Nāga Kālīya, in representation of "Illumination" in the Gandhāra bas-reliefs, 58. Descent from the Heaven of the Thirty-three gods (Devāvatāra or Laṅkāvatāra), 31, 47, 48, 49, 71, 72, 73, 79, 80, 81, 85, 154. Miracle of Śrāvastī, 16, 46, 48, 49, 65, 67, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 85, 154. Presentation of Honey, 31, 35, 47, 48, 49, 67, 68, 69, 85, 153, 154. Markaṭa-hrada, offering of honey at, 67; in a niche of a miniature temple, 154. Taming of Nālagiri or Ratnapāla, 26, 47, 48, 49, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 81, 85, 86. Attempt of Devadatta on Buddha's life by hired assasins and the Taming of the robbers, 47, 48, 49, 70, 71, 72, 73, 81. Mahāparinirvāṇa (Death of Buddha), 37, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 65, 68, 75, 81, 82, 83, 85.

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Buddhakapāla. . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. Buddha-śaktis . . . conception of, 97; see under Dhyānī Buddhas. Bundhistic Pantheon . . 84-100. Bühler . . . . . On early Kushān Inscriptions, 9. On Bhaikṣukī-lipi, 92. on proto-Bengali alphabet, 134. bull . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses, and also Vāhanas. Burdwan . . . . image of Boar incarnation of Viṣṇu from, 104.

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Call . . . . . on the Earth-goddess, see under Buddhacharita. Cambodia . . . . Relation with Indian sculpture, 129. Votive tablets representing the Mahābōdhi temple from, 147. Chāhamāna . . . of Śākambhari, 5. Chaitanya (Reformer) . Artistic activity in Magadha and Gauḍa after the death of, 41. influence of, on Rādhā-Kṛṣṇa cult, 127. introduction of the popular form of Vaiṣṇavism with the rise of, 136. Chaitya . . . . . from Ashrafpur, 132, 138, 142. from Nālandā, 142.

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in the head dress of Maitrēya, 135. in panels on door frames, 159.

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*Chaitya*-windows . . . See under Architecture. *Chakra* . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. *Chakravartin* . . . . 53. Chakravarti, Nilmani . . 1, 77. Chakshuglāna Ujjaka . . donor, 28. *Chālukya* . . . . . Pillars, 157. torana, 158. Champānagar . . . . Jaina images from, 144. *Chāmuṇḍī* or *Chamuṇḍā* . Image of, 117. *Chaṇḍaroshaṇa* and . . See under *Dhyānī* Buddhas. *Chaṇḍa-Maharoshaṇa*. Chandellas . . . . independence of, 36. *Chaṇḍī* . . . . . images of, 23, 39, 115, 121, 136, 138, 139, 155. on a pillar from Gayā, 155. Chandimau . . . . Bas-reliefs from, 16. Lokanātha image from, 23, 29. Chandi Mendut . . . Bodhisattva image from, 128. Chandpara . . . . Specimens of Boar Incarnation from, 104. Chandraka . . . . Son of Vishnu, donor, 31. Chandrehe . . . . temples at, 148. Change . . . . . of garments, *see under Buddhacharita*. *Chaṅkuṇa* (Minister) . . 25. *Charchikā* . . . . (*Śākta*) image of, 97. *Charma* . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. Chatterji, Babu Khagendranath 121. Chatterji, Suniti Kumar . 113, 125. *Chaturmukha* . . . See under *Liṅgas*. Chaumuhas (*Chaturmukhas*) . The four patriarchs. images of, 145. in the different schools, 146. Chedi . . . . . King Karṇa of, 158. Chhandaka . . . . See also under *Buddhacharita*. in bas-reliefs representing the leave-taking of, 46. in stele representing the *Mahābhinishkramaṇa*, 54, 55, 56. figure of, in the Gandhāra School, 55. Chhatingram . . . . Sarasvatī image from, 122. Chhatna . . . . . temples at, 150. Bāsulīdevī temple at, 151. *Chhatra* . . . . . Jaina images from, 145, 146. miniature temple at, 151. *Chhurikā* . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. *Chuṇḍā* . . . . . Figure of, 133. Cousens . . . . . 102. Cunningham, Alexander . 11, 15, 22, 25, 29, 55, 86, 141, 142, 151, 152. Cutting hair . . . . Scene of, *see under Buddhacharita*.

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Dacca . . . . . . Museum, 2, 5, 21, 41, 92, 98, 99, 108, 109, 110, 116, 122, 124, 127, 131, 132, 133, 138, 141. Sculptures from the district of, 3, 4, 121, 123, 126, 142, 154. Dalalpara . . . . . Narasimha image from, 105. damaru . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. Dames, Longworth . . . 51. Dāmodara . . . . . a form of Vishnu, 102. Damodara . . . . . Officer, 121. danda . . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. Daraf Ghazi . . . . tomb of, 41. darpana . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. Daśa-bhujā . . . . a form of Pārvatī and Durgā, 114. Daśabhujāsita-Mārīchī . . a form of Mārīchī, see under Dhyānī Buddha Vairochana. Daughters of Māra . . . See under Buddhacharita. Dedarganj . . . . . Mauryan image at, 8. Defeat of Māra . . . . See under Buddhacharita. Dehar . . . . . . temples at, 147, 150. Deo-Banarak (Dēva-Varuṇārka) . inscription at, 25. Temple of Jivitagupta II at, 149. later Gupta columns at, 157. Deogadh . . . . . later Gupta temple at, 148. Chaitya-windows at, 162. Deopara . . . . . Ganeśa image from, 119. Deora . . . . . . Vishnu image from, 103, 126, 128. Departure of Bodhisattva . . See under Buddhacharita. Dream of Māyā . . . . See under Buddhacharita. Descent from Heaven . . . See under Buddhacharita. Deulpota . . . . . Durgā image from, 141. Devadatta . . . . . Cousin of Buddha, 47, 48, 49, 69, 70, 71, 72. His influence over Ajātaśatru, 69. for his attempt against the life of Buddha, see under Buddhacharita. Devagram . . . . . Emaciated goddess from, 122. Devakhadga (King) . . . 21, 131, 142. Devikot . . . . . . lintel from, 161. Devapāla (Emperor) . . . 21, 24, 25, 27, 32, 33, 34, 41, 94, 127, 130, 131, 135, 137, 138, 148. Dēvapāla-haṭṭa . . . . Square of Devapāla, 94, 137. Dhanabhūti, Vādhapala . . Pillar dedication by, 16. dhanus . . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. Dhara . . . . . . Architecture at, 129. Dharmmachakra . . . . See under Mudrās. representation of, 142. Dharmadhātu-Vāgīśvara . . See under Bodhisattvas. Dharmmapāla (Emperor) . . 18, 21, 24, 25, 26, 27, 34, 41, 111, 130, 131, 133, 137, 148. Dharmmarāja . . . . image of, 146. Dhauli . . . . . . Edict of Aśoka at, 8.

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Dhīmān . . . . . . See under Sculptors. Dhruva . . . . . . ṭila or mound of, and bas-reliefs from, 52, 64, 74. Dhvajāgrakeyūrā . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. Dhyānī Buddhas . . . in a miniature rock-cut temple, 38. on the back slab of a Khadiravanī Tārā image, 41. in a miniature shrine (Nālandā), 79. in a terracotta plaque from Nālandā, 79. Mānushī Buddhas, earthly counterpart of, 85. So-called in a class of peculiar images, 86. in the Sādhanas, 87, 97, 98. Emanations of, 90, 93, 98. over the head-dress of a figure with 12 hands, 95, 96. on the faces of the abacus above the drum of a votive stūpa, 142. in the stūpas of different schools, 153, 154. on the lintel of a Buddhist temple, 159. the different Dhyānī Buddhas :— Amitābha : Figures of, 27, 28, 29, 30, 38, 40, 88, 95. on the head dress of a Lokanātha image, 38, 40, 96. in the Mahāyāna, 85. emanations of, 87, 90, 91, 97. around votive stūpas, 153.

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Akshobhya : over a head of an image of Mañjuśrī, 38. in a “ Miracle of Śrāvastī ” specimen, 79. in the Mahāyāna, 85. in orthodox Hindu Tantras, 87. emanations of, 90, 91, 92, 97. a peculiar figure of, 94. around votive stūpas, 153.

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Vairochana : in a Lokanātha image, 38. in a “ Miracle of Śrāvastī ” specimen, 79. in the Mahāyāna, 85. emanations of, 92, 97. around votive stūpas, 153.

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Amoghasiddhi : Figure of, 38, 79. in the Mahāyāna, 85. in the Hindu Tantras, 87. emanations of, 92, 98. around votive stūpas, 153.

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Ratnasambhava—in a miniature rock-cut temple in an image of Bodhisattva, 38 ; on the back-slab of a Lokanātha image, 40 ; in a “ Miracle of Śrāvastī ” bas-relief 79 ; in the Mahāyāna, 85 ; emanations of, 92, 98 ; around votive stupas, 153.

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*Vajrasattva*—a sixth *Dhyāni* Buddha of later Buddhism, 97. Classification of male deities according to *Dhyāni* Buddhas, 91. Minor deities— Bhūtaḍāmara, 91. Caṇḍa-Mahāroṣaṇa, 91. Kṛṣṇayamāntaka, 91. Mahākāla—images of, 93 ; in an image of Śiva and Pārvatī, 113. Paramāśva, 91. Rakta-yamāntaka, 91. Trailokyavijaya, 91 ; images of, 93, 139. Vajrahūṃkāra, 91. Vajrajvālānalārka, 91. Vighnāntaka, 91. Yamāntaka, 92 ; figure of, 92. Emanations of Akṣobhya— Buddhakapāla, 91. Caṇḍaroṣaṇa, 91. Hayagrīva, 91 ; a small fat dwarf in a large image of Lokanātha, 30 ; as attendant in a Bodhisattva image, 32, 87, 88, 89 ; mention of, in the *Khasarpaṇa-Sādhana* of Padmākaramati, 88 ; Heruka, 91. Jambhala, 91 ; image of, 36, 39 ; two forms of, among emanations of Ratnasambhava, 92. Saṃvara, 91. Vajraḍāka, 91. Yamāri, 91. Emanations of Amitābha— Mahābala, 91. Saptaśatika Hayagrīva, 91. Emanations of Ratnasambhava— Jambhala, two forms of, 92. Classification of female deities according to *Dhyāni* Buddhas, 97-100. Tārās—images of, 3, 21, 23, 28, 32, 39, 40, 97-100, 133, 137, 139, 140, 141, 146 ; figure of, in a Lokanātha image, 30, 89 ; associated with "Offering of Honey" in a bas-relief, 68 ; in the *Sādhanas*, 84 ; cult of, 87 ; description of, 89 ; temple of, 147, 148 ; classification of, 97-100. Mahattarī-Tārā—image of, 29, 32, 99 ; earliest form of Buddha-śaktis, 99. Sita-Tārā—figure of, in a Bodhisattva image, 38 ; earliest form of Buddha-śaktis, 99 ; image of, 99. Buddha-śaktis—Ārya-Tārā, 97 ; Locanā, 97 ; Māmakī, 97 ; Pāṇḍarā, 97 ; Vajradhatvīśvarī, 97 ; Vajrasattvātmikā, 97. Other female deities— Emanations of Akṣobhya. Dhvajāgrakeyūrā, 92. Ekajaṭā, 92. Jāṅgulī, 92. Mahācīnatārā, 92.

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Mahāmantrānusāriṇī, 92. Mahāpratyaṅgirā, 92. Nairātmā, 92. Prajñāpāramitā, 92, 97, 98; image of, 92, 132, 137; description of, in the *Sādhanas*, 92. Parṇaśabarī, 92, 97; image of, 92; figure of, on the pedestal of an image of Dhyānī Buddha, 93. Vajracharchikā, 92, 97; image of, 97. Vasudhārā, 92; *see also under* Ratnasambhava *below*.

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Emanations of Amitābha: Bhrikuṭī, 91, 97; image of, 30, 89; Prajñākaramati’s description of, 89. Kurukullā, 91, 97; in orthodox Hindu *Tantras*, 89. Mahāsitavatī, 91, 97.

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Emanations of Vairochana: Mārīchī, 97; image of, 30, 98, 99, 100; evolution of the abnormal forms of, 97, 98; description of, 97; among the Buddhistic Tāntrika images, 99, 100; different forms of, 97, 98; Ārya-Mārīchī, 97, 98; Aśokakāntā, 97, 98; Daśabhujāsita-Mārīchī, 97; Mārīchī-Pichuvā or Saṅkṣipta-Mārīchī, 97; Ubhaya-varāhānanā-Mārīchī, 97, 98; Vajradhātvīśvarī-Mārīchī, 97; Uṣṇīṣh Vijayā, 97; image of, 98, 100; among Buddhist Tāntrika images, 100.

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Emanations of Amoghasiddhi: Khadiravani-Tārā, 98; image of 540, 100. Vaśya-Tārā, 98.

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Emanations of Ratnasambhava: Mahāpratisarā, 92, 98; images of, 92. Vasudhārā, 92, 98; *see also under* Akṣobhya *above*.

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Emanations of the *Five Dhyānī Buddhas*: Prajñāpāramitā, 98. Vajratārā, 98; images of, 98, 99, 141. Svābhāprajñā, 90.

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Emanations of the *Four Dhyānī Buddhas*: another form of Vajratārā, 98.

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(c) Independent deities:— Aparājitā, 98. Sarasvatī, 98; subordination of, in the *Sādhanas*, 99; in an image of Brahmā, 120; worship of, 122; images of, 122; in an image of Viṣhṇu, 135, 136. Vajraśaradā, 98; image of, 98.

c12.93

Digambraras . . . . . Jaina images belonging to the sect of, 144, 145. Dikshit, K. N. . . . . 105, 111, 144; on the Sibbati stele, 45.

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Dinajpur . . . . . "Birth of Kṛṣṇa" image from, 108; Śiva images from, 110, 125; miniature temple from, 154; pillar of Śaiva temple in, 157, 158.

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Dionysus . . . . . Silver plaque representing, 10 n. 3.

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Diti . . . . . . Mother of Hiraṇyakaśipu, 105.

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Drinking cup . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses.

c12.98

Dulmi . . . . . temples at, 151.

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Duṇṇahāpichcha (Mahāmātra) . 40.

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Durgā . . . . . . Representation of a form of, 21. in a rare class of images, 105. representation of the Vāhana of, 112. various forms of, 114. twelve-armed images of, 116. images of, 116, 124, 127, 133, 139, 141, 150. figure of, on a pillar in the maṇḍapa of the Viṣṇupāda temple, 155.

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Dvādaśabhujā . . . . a form of Pārvatī and Durgā, 114.

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Dwarf incarnation . . . See under Viṣṇu.

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Earth-goddess . . . . calling on, see under Buddhacharita.

c12.105

Eastern School . . . . See under Schools of Sculpture.

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East India Company . . . 145.

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Egyptian pillars . . . 156.

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Ekajaṭā . . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas.

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Ekalakhi tomb . . . . 5.

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Ekamukha . . . . . See under Liṅgas.

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Elephanta . . . . . images of the "Saptamātṛkās" in, 116, 117.

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Emaciation . . . . of Bodhisattva, see under Buddhacharita.

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Emblems of gods and goddesses akṣasūtra (rosary), 88, 94, 110, 115, 120, 121, 122, 123. aṅkuśa, 39, 88, 90, 102, 115. asi (sword), 31, 38, 90, 91, 92, 93, 97, 98, 102, 105, 110. aśoka tree, 90. bag, 119. ball, 115, 119. bird, 95. bottle, 38, 94. chakra (wheel), 39, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 102, 103, 105, 106. charmma (shield), 97, 102, 103, 110, 122. chhurikā (knife), 103. ḍamaru, 109, 110. daṇḍa (staff), 103. darpaṇa (mirror), 90, 112, 113, 115. dhanus (bow), 31, 38, 90, 91, 92, 98, 102, 103, 105, 110. drinking cup, 31, 40. elephant, 95. flywhisk, 80, 81, 89, 105, 107, 108. gadā (mace), 96, 102, 103, 105, 109, 110.

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gajacharmma (elephant hide), 93. garuḍa, 95, 96. ghaṇṭā (bell), 38, 90, 106, 110. ghaṭa (pot), 39, 114, 120, 121, 122, 123, 162. haṃsa (goose), 96. jewel, 88, 91, 94, 97. kamaṇḍalu, 30, 80, 81, 88, 120. kapāla, 93, 97, 106, 110. khaṭvāṅga, 93, 106. kṛpāṇa (dagger), 112. kṣēpaṇa (sling), 103. kūrma, 95. lāṅgala (plough), 95, 96, 102, 103. makara, 31, 95, 96. mōdaka (cup with sweets), 110, 118. mudgara (hammer), 103. muṇḍamālā, 93, 97. musala (staff), 102, 110. nāgakēsara, 89. naramuṇḍa, 93, 97. nīlōtpala, 90, 91. padma (lotus), 88, 90, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 102, 105, 113, 115, 123. paraśu (axe), 92, 93, 103, 121. pāśa (noose), 31, 88, 90, 92, 93, 102, 103, 110. piece of cloth, 112. prajñāpāramitā, 90, 91. pustaka (book), 30, 38, 88, 92, 121. round object, 38. śakti, 103. sanālotpala (lotus with stalk), 32, 38, 88, 94, 118, 121, 135. śaṅkha (conch), 39, 94, 95, 96, 102, 103, 105, 106. śara, 31, 38, 90, 91, 92, 98, 102, 103, 121. sūchī, 98. śūla, 92, 103, 105, 123. tomara, 103. triśūla (trident), 92, 93, 97, 109, 110, 112, 115, 116. tūṇīra (quiver), 102. utpala, 96. vajra (thunder bolt), 37, 40, 45, 90, 91, 92, 93, 97, 102. vīṇā, 117, 122, 135. vināyakadaṇḍa, 93. vṛisha (bull), 96.

c12.115

Enlightenment . . . . . of Bodhisattva, see under Buddhacharita. Eran . . . . . . . Boar incarnation image from, 104.

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Female . . . . . . Offering food to Buddha, see Buddhacharita. First Meditation . . . . of Bodhisattva, see Buddhacharita.

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First Sermon . . . . Preaching of, see Buddhacharita. First Seven Steps of Bodhisattva *See under Buddhacharita.* Fish incarnation . . . . *See under Vishnu.* Fleet, Dr. . . . . on the date of the Hāthigumpha inscription, 9. . . . . on the Kushan Era, 12. flywhisk . . . . *See under Emblems of gods and goddesses.* Foucher, M.A. . . . . 56, 74; work on Indian Buddhist Iconography, 11; on the bas-reliefs from Sārnāth, 16; Classification of the Buddhistic Pantheon by, 84, 85; identification of Simhanāda Lokeśvara image as Mañjuśrī by, 89; identification of an eight-armed Mārīchi by, 98. Führer, Dr. . . . . 59.

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c12.120

*gadā* . . . . *See under Emblems of gods and goddesses.* Gadādhara . . . . temple of, 148. *gajacharmma* . . . . *See under Emblems of gods and goddesses.* *gaṇa* . . . . figure of, in a Śaiva image, 113. . . . . figure of, at the bottom of a jamb, 159. Gaṇapati . . . . in the *Sādhanas*, 99. Gandhāra . . . . *See under Schools of Sculpture.* *gandharva* . . . . figures of, on each side of a Tārā image, 41. . . . . figure of, on a lintel, 161. Gaṇeśa . . . . figure of, in a *Mahāparinirvāṇa* Scene, 82. . . . . figures of, 92, 118, 119, 124. . . . . figure of, on the back-slab of a “ Birth of Kṛishṇa ” image, 108. . . . . as an attendant in images of Pārvatī, 115, 116. . . . . in *Saptamātṛikā* images, 117. . . . . special form of Gaṇeśa figures, 118, 119. . . . . description of, in the *Matsyapurāṇa*, 119. . . . . image of, with five heads, 119. . . . . in the niches of the great *Śikhara* of Ichchai Ghosh temple, 150. . . . . in the bas-relief on a pillar in the *maṇḍapa* of the Vishṇupada temple, 155. . . . . in the bas-relief on a column from Rajmahal, 156. Gaṅgā (Ganges) . . . . images of, 120, 131. Gangarampur . . . . decorated lintel from, 161. Gāṅgeyadeva (Chedi) . . . . of Ḍahala, 36. Gangoly, Manmohan . . . . the late, 19. Gangoly, O. C. . . . . on an image of Mahattarī Tārā, 29. . . . . on the date of an image at Bodh Gaya, representing the Master's Protection by Nāga Muchalinda, 63. *garbhagriha* . . . . *See under Architecture.* Garments . . . . Change of, see under Buddhacharita. Garuḍa . . . . *See under Emblems of gods and goddesses and Vāhanas.* Garui . . . . Special forms of Lokeśvara-Vishṇu images from, 95, 125. Gauḍa country . . . . datable images from, 18; close of artistic activity in, 41; defeat of the King of, 132; revival of art in, 133; Vaishṇavī images from, 141; erection of a pillar in Bāṇarāja's Garh by a king of, 157; decorated lintel from the ruins of, 161.

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Gaur . . . . . Bas-relief from the ruins of, 107; image of Śiva and Durgā from, 139; a tall slender column from, 155; decorated lintel from the ruins of, 161; pierced stone-windows from, 162.

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Gaurangpur . . . . Ichchai Ghosh temple at, 149.

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Gaurī . . . . . preponderance of, in the Śaiva class of images, 111.

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Gaya . . . . . Temple of Viṣṇupāda at, 21, 22, 23, 107, 108, 118, 147, 154, 163; image of Pārvatī at, 23; inscription of Nārāyaṇapāla at, 32, 33; Buddha image from near, 50; “Birth of Kṛṣṇa” image in, 108; Śeṣaśāyin image from, 125; dedication of a Buddha image at, 131; Nārāyaṇapāla’s possession of, 132; small image of seated Buddha from, 137, 138; stone temple of Narasiṃha at, 147; maṇḍapa of the Viṣṇupāda temple at, 154; bas-reliefs on the pillars in the maṇḍapa of the Viṣṇupāda temple at, 154; Architectural members at, 154.

c12.125

*ghaṇṭā* . . . . . See Emblems of gods and goddesses.

c12.126

Ghasīkundi . . . . Colossal image from, representing the Miracle of Śrāvastī, 77, 80.

c12.127

*ghaṭa* . . . . . See Emblems of gods and goddesses.

c12.128

Ghiyasabad . . . . Special forms of Lokeśvara Viṣṇu from, 94, 96, 125.

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Ghiyāth-ud-Dīn Azam Shah . Sultān, 142 n. 2.

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Ghosh, Hemendra Prasad . 44.

c12.131

Ghosrawan . . . . Devapāla’s inscription at, 25, 27, 32. image of a goddess from, 31.

c12.132

Giriyek . . . . . Buddhist images at, 136; stūpa at, 152.

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*godhikā* . . . . . (a sort of lizard) on the pedestal of a Śaiva image, 116.

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Going to school, the Bodhisattva See under Buddhacharita.

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Gopāla I . . . . . Pāla King, 33, 34, 131.

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Gopāla II . . . . . Pāla King, 22, 33, 34.

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Gopālas, the three . . . 33, 34.

c12.138

Gopinatha Rao, T. A. . . 125, 126.

c12.139

*gopuram* (of South India) . 161.

c12.140

Gorakhpur . . . . Viṣṇu image from, 103, 126; artistic activity and Vaiṣṇavite importance in, 139.

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Govinda . . . . . a form of Viṣṇu, 101.

c12.142

Govindapāla . . . . Pāla king, 23.

c12.143

Gṛidhradvāra (peak) . . . Giriyek stūpa on, 152.

c12.144

Gṛidhrakūṭa (hill) . . . pre-Mauryan causeway on, 152.

c12.145

Guṇamati (Buddhist monk) . 137, 140.

c12.146

Guneria . . . . . Buddha image in a modern shrine at, 22, 39. Mahendrapāla’s inscription at, 32, 33; images of Buddha and Tārā dedicated at, 146.

c12.147

Gupta . . . . . See under Schools of Sculpture.

c12.148

Gurgi . . . . . Haihaya toraṇa from, 158.

c12.149

Gurjara (Pratihāras) . . . of Kanauj, 3, 5, 18, 24, 33, 34, 36, 132, 133.

c12.150

Gurpa (Hill) . . . . Footprints of Buddha at, 163.

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c12.152

Haihayas . . . . of Tripuri, 5; toraṇa of, 158.

c12.153

Hālāhala . . . . . See under Bodhisattvas.

c12.154

*haṃsa* . . . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses.

c12.155

Hara . . . . . figure of, in an image of Hara and Pārvatī, 113.

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Haraprasad Sastri . . . Mahāmahōpādhyāya, C.I.E., 1, 84. Hari . . . . . . a form of Viṣṇu, 102. Harihara . . . . . images of, 105, 106, 128 ; description of, in the Tantra-Sāra and Śabdakalpadruma, 105, 106 ; description of, in the Matsya-purāṇa, 106. Hari-hari-hari-Vāhan-odbhava . See under Bodhisattvas. Hariśaṅkara . . . . a special form of Viṣṇu, 103. Harmashra . . . . Jaina image from, 144 ; stone temple at, 150, 151. Harpocrates . . . . figure of, 10 n. 3. Harsha (Emperor) . . . Muṇḍeśvarī inscription of the year 30 of, 148. hasti (elephant) . . . See under Emblems of gods and goddesses. Hathigumpha . . . . Inscription of King Khāravela on the roof of, 9. haṭṭa (square) . . . . of the Emperor Devapāla, 94, 137. Havell, E. B. . . . . 128. Hayagrīva . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. Heaven . . . . . Descent from, See under Buddhacharita. Heruka . . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. Hilsa . . . . . . dated Tārā image from, 21, 26. Hirananda Sastri, Dr. . . Identification of a Nāgārjuna image by, 94. Hiraṇyakaśipu (son of Diti) . in a Narasimha image, 105. Honey . . . . . Presentation of, See under Buddhacharita. hridi Vajra-hūmkāra . . See under " Mudrās ". Hṛṣīkeśa . . . . . the Ghiyasabad image inaccurately described as, 96 n. 2 ; a form of Viṣṇu, 102. Huvishka (Kushān Emperor) . 12.

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Indian Museum, Calcutta . 1, 2, 4, 6, 10 n. 3, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 30, 31, 36, 37, 40, 41, 44, 47, 48, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 86, 88, 89, 91, 92, 93, 94, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 111, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 128, 133, 135, 136, 141, 142, 148, 149, 151, 153, 154, 155, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163. Ichchai Ghosh . . . temple of, 147, 149. Imadpur . . . . a record of Mahīpāla on a brass image from, 37 ; revival of art seen in the images from, 133 ; metal images from, 138, 139. Indra . . . . . in specimens of the Eastern School representing the Devāvatāra scene, 26, 80, 81 ; in bas-reliefs representing the " Birth " scene, 50 ; in metal images representing the " Birth " scene, 51 ; in the Gandhāra bas-reliefs representing the " Birth " scene, 52 ; in the Mathurā bas-reliefs representing the " Birth " scene, 52 ; in the Gandhāra bas-reliefs representing the Mahā-bhinishkramaṇa, 55 ; in the Eastern School representing the Mahābhinishkramaṇa, 56 ; in the Gandhāra bas-reliefs depicting the " First Sermon ", 64 ; in the Benares School stele depicting the " Taming of Nālagiri ", 69 ; on a pillar of the railing of Bharhut stūpa depicting " Devāvatāra ", 79 ; in the Gandhāra bas-relief representing " Devāvatāra ", 80 ; in the Benares School stele representing Devāvatāra, 80 ; in the Gandhāra bas-reliefs depicting the Mahā-parinirvvāṇa, 82 ; in the Benares School specimens depicting the Mahāparinirvvāṇa, 82.

c12.158

Indrāṇī . . . . . Figure of, 117. Itkhauri . . . . dated image of a female deity from, 22 ; Tārā image from, 146.

c12.159

c12.160

Jadu Nath Sarkar, Professor, M.A., C.I.E., I.E.S. . . 26 n. 4. Jagdispur (stele from) . . representing Māra's attack and the Illumination, 61, 62 ; representing the " Birth " scene and the " First Seven Steps ", 51 ; representing the " First Sermon ", 66 ; representing the offer of honey by the Monkey, 67 ; representing the taming of Nāḷagiri, 70, 72 ; representing the Devāvatāra, 72 ; representing the " Miracle of Śrāvastī ", 75, 79. Jahangir (Emperor) . . 150. Jaina images . . . 144-146. Jambhala . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. Jaminkarai . . . . Śiva image from, 110 n. 2. Janārddana . . . . a form of Viṣṇu, 102. Jāṅgulī . . . . . See under Dhyānī Buddhas. Jasoreśvarī . . . . temple of, at Īśvarīpur, 120. Jasadeva (merchant) . . Yośodeva, 41. jaṭā . . . . . in Arddhanārīśvara image, 111. Jaṭardeul . . . . deserted temple, 147, 149. Jaugada . . . . Aśoka's Rock Edict at, 8. Java . . . . . Relationship between the art of India and that of, 127, 128, 129. Jayanagar . . . . inscribed pedestal of an image from, 23 ; Viṣṇu image from, 103. Jayaswal, K. P. . . . on the statues discovered at Patna, 6 n. 1 ; on the inscription of King Khāravēla, 9. Jētavana . . . . installation of a Bodhisattva image at, 14. Jewel . . . . . See Emblems of gods and goddesses. Jhillī . . . . . smaller specimens representing the Boar incarnation of Viṣṇu, coming from, 104. Jinas . . . . . worshippers of the, 144. Jivitagupta II (King) . . Deo-Banarak inscription of, 25 ; temple of, 149. Joradeul. . . . . Trivikrama form of the Dwarf incarnation from, 105.

c12.161

c12.162

Kagachipara . . . . peculiar Śaiva images from, 100. Kālachakrayāna . . . Tāntrika form of Mahāyāna Buddhism, 99. Kālī . . . . . images, of, 127 ; image representing a very rare form of, 116. Kalkin . . . . . wrong identification of Revanta images as, 123. Kalpas (ages) . . . the Tīrthamkaras of the, 146. Kalyāṇa-Sundara, Kalyāṇa- Sundara-Mūrttis. . . South Indian images of, 113, 126. Kalyāṇeśvarī . . . . temple of, 151. Kāma (Indian God of Love) . identified with Māra, 59 ; a new kind of images of, in the Eastern School, 123.

Eastern Indian School of Mediaeval Sculpture c12: Index

Contents

Index