The Indian Buddhist Iconography, Mainly Based on the Sadhanamala and Other Cognate Tantric Texts of Rituals c23.6

c23.6

But the most serious difficulty arises when instead of the Dhyāni Buddha prescribed by the Sādhana some other Dhyāni Buddha appears on the crown of any figure. For instance, the Sarnath image of Ucchuṣma Jambhala should have shown in accordance with the Sādhana the figures either of Akṣobhya or Ratnasambhava on its crown, but the effigy of Amitābha is shown instead. Again, when a reference is made to the Lucknow figure of Mārīcī, who according to the Sādhana should have shown the figure of Vairocana on her crown, shows Amitābha instead. Again the Indian Museum image of Uṣṇīṣavijayā shows the figure of her parental Dhyāni Buddha as Akṣobhya instead of her own sire Vairocana.