The Beginnings of Buddhist Art and Other Essays in Indian and Central-Asian Archaeology c9.51

c9.51

(²) For the little *stûpas* of the north-west, cf. *Art gréco-bouddhique du Gandhâra*, fig. 208. For the stelæ of Amarâvatî see J. BURGESS, *The Buddhist Stûpas of Amarâvatî and Jaggayyapeta*, pll. XVI, 4; XXXII, 4; XXXVIII, 5; XLI, 6 (with the departure on horseback; cf. J. FERGUSSON, *Tree and Serpent-Worship*, pl. LXXV on the right), and pl. XVI, 3 (with the farewell to Chandaka; cf. FERGUSSON, *ibid.*, pl. LXXV, to the left). On all those stelæ which are complete the *Parinirvâna* is constantly symbolized by a simple *stûpa*. With these one may connect others, in which the *Abhisambodhi* and the *Dharmacakrapravartana* are figured by an empty throne under a tree or a wheel (BURGESS, *ibid.*, pll. XXXVIII, 3 and 6; XLV, 2 and 4; XLVI, 1-3; XLVII, 3; XLVIII, 1; FERGUSSON, *ibid.*, pll. XCIII; XCIV, 1, 4). The most curious of this kind are those which shrink from representing not only the Buddha, but even the Bodhisattva, and wherein the *Mahâbhinishkramana* is no longer represented, except by a horse without a rider (FERGUSSON, *ibid.*, pll. XCIII, to the left; XCVI, 3 and XCVIII, 2). It will be observed besides that on several stelæ of Benares (*Anc. Mon. Ind.*, pl. 67, 2 and 68, 1) the *Mahâbhinishkramana* is associated with the *Jâti* in the same framework.