The Music of Hindostan c9.s1.43

c9.s1.43

Take two *vīṇās*, he says, alike in all respects, and tune them both in the *Sa-grāma*. On one of them diminish Pa [i.e. lower the note P so as to form our A♯ instead of A♯] by this *pramāṇa śruti*, but in such a way that the Pa of the *Sa-grāma* can be put back again. This is the diminution of one *śruti*. By a second diminution Ga [on one *vīṇā*] becomes Ri [on the other], and, similarly, Ni becomes Dha. [The second *śruti*, then, is the difference between the *pramāṇa śruti* and the Semitone, and the *śrutis* were therefore not equal in size.] By a third diminution D and R of one *vīṇā* coincide with P and S of the other; and by a fourth diminution P, M, and S coincide with M, G, and N. This scheme shows the twenty-two *śrutis* of the two *grāmas*.