Defence Architecture in Early North Karnataka c10.6

c10.6

over India including northern part of Karṇāṭaka", (Desai, P.B. *et al* 1970, P.45). During this period, the places of Aśokan rock edicts at Siddapur, Brahmagiri, Jaṭṭingarāmēśvara, Maski, Koppal, Nittūr (Shettar, S. and Rajshekhar, S. 1977, PP.139-149), Udegolam (Nagaraj Rao, M.S. and Patil, C.S. 1978) form the dotted boundary of his great empire extended in the South. But we have no evidence to show that these places in the south were fortified with defence walls before or immediately after Aśōka. In the period from the Mauryas to the Sātavāhanas, i.e. 300 B.C. to the beginning of the Christian era, in Karṇāṭaka practically there appears to be no fortificational activity as evidently seen.