Defence Architecture in Early North Karnataka c11.s2.5

c11.s2.5

The extant fort wall is not of one period from the kinds of material used and the method of its construction. Three stages in the construction can at least be demarcated. The first stage is of the earliest period and belongs to the late Sātavāhana period, when the Chútus were ruling from this place. The part of the fort of this period is entirely of the brick construction, the bricks being of the standard size (45 cms x 22 cms x 7½ cms). The second stage indicates the enlargement of the fort and must be of the early Kadamba period. There are clear evidences that in the course of the enlargement, the existing fort was further fortified with laterite stones, bricks and mud. In the third stage that is probably of the later Kadamba period, the fort was further enlarged on the northern side and was built with exclusively laterite stones.