The Hindu Temple v1.c8.s7.17

v1.c8.s7.17

⁹⁰ The Layana is equipped moreover with stairs, a gateway (pratolī), roll cornice (vitaṅka= kapota-pālikā) on the façade, and doors. It is raised on a socle (vedi) and has a portico (prāgriva). This description refers only to cave temples such as those in Bādami. The cave temples, in the earlier examples (3rd century B.C.—6th century A.D.) are interiors only, having a façade; to these types were added (Mamallapuram, Elura, Kalugumalai), complete replicas of structural temples hewn out of the rock in their exterior, and excavated within (Kailāsanātha Temple and Indrasabhā in Elura). Although the last named temples, are the one Hindu, the other Jain, the majority of the rock cut temples and sacred abodes are Buddhist. Out of a total of 1200 rock cut temples 900 are Buddhist, 200 are Jain and 100 are Hindu. Some of the sanctuaries in Elura (Daśavatāra, etc.) and the Śiva temple in Elephanta are, though posterior to the sixth century, interior excavations only with a façade. Re. these, and later excavations in Northern India—at Dhamnar (Rajputana) and Masrur (Kangra) see P. Brown, 'Indian Architecture', (Buddhist and Hindu), Chapters V, VI, XII and XI.