The Antiquities of Orissa v1.c10.325.1

v1.c10.325.1

That in the time of the Vedas, and for some time afterwards, the Hindus were familiar with ships adapted for sea voyages, is a fact which is now no longer doubted. The frequent mention, in ancient Sanskrit literature, of pearls, which could not have been procured without the aid of boats that could brave the ocean-wave, is of itself sufficient evidence on the subject. But others are not wanting. Allusions to the ocean and to ships are numerous even in the *Saṃhitā* of the *Ṛgveda*. "The greatness of the Agastyas", is said to be, "as profound as the depth of the ocean".¹⁶² "He, Varuṇa, who knows the path of the birds flying through the air, he, abiding in the ocean, knows also the course of ships".¹⁶³ "May Uṣas, dawn to-day, the excitress of chariots which are harnessed at her coming, as those who are desirous of wealth (send ships) to sea".¹⁶⁴ "Do thou (Agni), whose countenance is turned to all sides, send off our adversaries, as if in a ship to the opposite shore". (A remarkable prayer for transportation at so early an age). "Do thou convey us in a ship across the sea for our welfare".¹⁶⁵ Again, "Tugra, verily, Aśvins, sent (his son) Bhujyu to see, as a dying man parts with his riches; but you brought him back in vessels of your own, floating over the ocean, and keeping out the waters.