Amaravati Sculptures in the Madras Government Museum c19: Plates
Amaravati Sculptures in the Madras Government Museum c19
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Plates
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SATAVAHANA ART IN RELATION TO EARLIER AND LATER ART.
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1 *a* Bharhut. *b* Ajanta. *c* Amaravati. 2 *a* Sanchi. *b* Mathura. *c* Amaravati. 3 *a* Amaravati. *b* Ajanta. *c* Mahabalipuram. 4 *a* Mathura. *b* Amaravati. 5 *a* Karle. *b* Amaravati. 6 *a* Polonoruva. *b* Amaravati.
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1 a, b, c
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4 a, b
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2 a, b, c
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5 a, b
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3 a, b, c
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6 a, b
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AMARAVATI AND AJANTA STYLES COMPARED.
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| Amaravati. | Ajanta. |
| *a* | *b* |
| *c* | *d* |
| *e* | *f* |
| *g* | *h* |
| *i* | *j* |
| *k* | *l* |
| *m* | *n* |
| *o* | *p* |
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a
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b
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c
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d
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i
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j
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k
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l
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e
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f
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m
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n
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g
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h
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o
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p
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EVOLUTION OF MOTIFS
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1 *a* Patna. 2 *a* Parkham. 3 *a* Bharhut.
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4 *a* Bharhut. 5 *a* Amaravati. *b* Ghantasala. *c* Sarnath. *d* Ajanta. *e* Mahabalipuram. *f* Kaveripakkam. 6 *a* Cakravarti Mandhata, Jaggayyapeta. *b* Buddha, Amaravati. *c* Buddha, Amaravati. *d* Mahapurusha, Trichinopoly. *e* Vishnu, Satyamangalam. 7 Sphinx and griffin, Mahabalipuram. 8 Lion throne, Mahabalipuram. 9 Head of cow-boy, Mahabalipuram.
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*b* Amaravati. *b* Amaravati. *b* Gudimallam- Amaravati. *b* Amaravati.
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*c* Kaveripakkam. *c* Mahabalipuram. *c* Trichinopoly.
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*c* Mahabalipuram.
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1a
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b
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c
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5a
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b
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2a
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b
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c
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c
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3a
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b
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c
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d
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4a
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b
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c
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e
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f
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6a
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b
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c
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d
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e
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7
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9
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ANIMALS, REAL AND MYTHICAL, DEITIES, AND SYMBOLS.
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Animals: True— 1 elephant. 2 lioness. 3 deer. 4 buffalo. 5 bulls. 6 ram.
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Animals: Mythical (*Ihāmṛgas*)— 7 winged lion. 8 winged horse. 9 winged elephant. 10 & 13 mermen. 11 elephant-fish (*gajavaktra jhasha*). 12 sphinx. 14 griffin. 15 horned lion. 16 makara. 17 winged deer.
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Deities— 18 nagaraja. 19 river goddess. 20 nagini. 21 yaksha Kubera. 22 Pancasikha. 23 Mara on Girimekhala. 24 Maha Pathavi. 25 Sakka. 26 Vajrapani. 27 yaksha (precursor of Ganapati type). 28 tree-spirit. 29 Sri Lakshmi on lotus. 30 kinnara. 31 garuda.
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Symbols— 32 seven footprints on silk, symbol of Bodhisatta’s birth and seven steps. 33 feet, empty throne, and wheel on pillar, symbol of seated Buddha. 34 flaming pillar rising from a pair of feet on lotus and crowned by trisula on wheel, symbol of Buddha standing. 35 and 38 sirivaccha. 36 and 37 svastika.
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ROYAL EMBLEMS, ATTENDANTS, ETC.
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1 Superior type of umbrella. 2 Chatradhara or umbrella-bearer with umbrella. 3 Standard-bearer. 4 Standard. 5 Bearer of cornucopia. 6 Double umbrella. 7 Chauri-bearer. 8 Fan of state. 9 Pratīhārī. 10 Humbler type of parasol. 11 Kirāta. 12 Līlākamala or sportive lotus. 13 Vāmanikā. 14 Kubjā. 15 Mahout on elephant awaiting the pleasure of the king. 16 King descending from elephant attended by umbrella-bearer. 17 Groom beside horse.
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VESSELS.
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18, 19, 22 Dhammakaraka, spouted vessel. 20 Chashaka or cup. 21 Paribhojanīya ghaṭa, small water pot. 24 Madhubhāṇḍa or wine pot on rest, pattamaṇḍala. 25 Pānīya sarāva, shallow saucer. 26 Thālika, deep bowl for rice.
27. 30 Bhinkāra. 28 Tray. 29 A pātra or cup.
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MISCELLANEOUS.
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32, 33 Lamps. 34 Talavanta, fan. 23, 31 Toy horse and toy elephant. 35 Balance 1 Keśāpaśa bound close to the head. 2 Keśapāśa, loosely bound. 3 Peacock-plume mode. 4, 9 Keśabandha. 5 Lalātikā, ornament for forehead. 6 Pravenī. 7 Jaṭābhāra. 8 Plain undressed hair. 9 Avatamsaka mode of flower-wear. 10 Lalāmaka mode of flower-wear, Prabhrashtaka near left ear, cūdāmakarikā, a variety of nishka. 11 Pratīhārī. 12 Long shield.
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PLATE VII.
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ORNAMENTS AND DRESS.
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1, 3, 4, 6, 9, 10 Turban with attractive folds. 2, 3, 5, 7 Turban with jewel. 2, 3 Turban with jewel to the right. 2 Turban with paṭṭabandha or ornamental gold strips. 2, 3 Turban with jewel to the right. 5, 7 Turban with jewel centrally arranged. 4, 12, 13 Turban with tucked up and loosened end. 5 Phalakahāra. 10 Turban with flowing end from median circular knob. 8 Sakka's crown. 11 Feather decoration. 14 Kañuki's turban and coat. 15, 16, 17, 18 Sikhaṇḍa and jaṭābhāra modes combined. 18 Karṇikā.
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1 Kanakakamalas. 2 Kuṇḍalas. 3 Trikaṇṭaka. 4 Bālikā. 5 Kuṇḍala. 6 Ekāvalī, uttarīya, turban. 7, 11 Angadas entwining the arm. 8, 23 Gemset angada. 9, 11, 12 Kanakadora. 10 Ratnakuṇḍalas. 13 Warrior’s channavīra in vaikakshaka fashion. 14 Phalakavalaya and muktāvalaya combination near wrist and ratnavalaya on top. 15 Phalakavalaya immediately above ratnavalaya near wrist. 16 Ratnavalayas. 17 Ring-shaped mañjīra. 18 Mañjīra with kinkiṇīs or small bells attached. 19 Multicoiled mañjīra. 20 Karṇotpala. 21 Kabarībandha with flower-wreath in garbhaka mode, pearl necklaces. 22 Turban with jewel, Karṇaveshṭana. 23 Dhammilla pearl-bedecked with flowers above in avatamsa mode, kuṇḍala, suvarṇa vaikakshaka, rope-shaped raśanā, śatavallika mode of dress. 24, 29 Nishka. 25 Udarabandha, muktāyañopavīta, angulīyaka, hastisoṇḍika mode of dress. 26 Tālavantaka mode of dress. 26, 28, 34 Mekhalā. 27 Chain-shaped raśanā and mekhalābandha. 30 Mekhalābandha, āprapadīna dress. 31 Kakshyābandha of maddavina type with muraja end. 32 Kakshyābandha, macchavālaka mode of dress. 33 Satavallika mode of dress, and channavīra vaikakshaka fashion. 34 Chaṇḍātaka and mekhalā. 35 Grecian type of āprapadīna dress.
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