The Chronology of India, from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century c5.54

c5.54

Rise of the Andhrabhṛitya or Sātavāhana dynasty. Names of three of the early princes of this dynasty occur in inscriptions belonging to the first half of the second century B.C. Simuka Sātavāhana, mentioned in an inscription at Nānāghāṭ, has been identified by Bühler with the prince whose name, under the forms Sindhuka, Śiśuka, Śipraka, and Chhismaka, stands first in the Pauranic lists of the Andhras as founder of the dynasty. Kṛishna Sātavāhana, of whom there is an inscription at Nāsik of the same period, is the second prince of these lists, there called a brother of Simuka. Śātakarṇi, whose name, with that of his wife Nāyanikā, occurs in a Nānāghāṭ inscription of the same time as that of Simuka, has been identified with the third prince of the Pauranic lists. He is probably, too, the Śātakarṇi king whom Khāravela of Kalinga, in the Hāthigumphā inscription, claims to have protected in the second year of his reign (B.C. 163).—General references for the dynasty :—WVP. iv, 194 ff. Trans. Or. Cong. 1874, 306 ff. JBRAS. xii, 407 ff. ; xiii, 303 ; xiv, 147 ff. ; xv, 305. IA. vii, 257 ; x, 225 ff. ; xii, 27, 272 ; xxi, 203 ff. JRAS., N.S., 1890, 639 ff. ; *ib.* 1893, 613. ASWI. iv, 98 ff. ; v, 59 ff. ; B.ASSI. i, 3 ff. BD., secs. iv-vi.