The Chronology of India, from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century c5.68

c5.68

| B.C. | |
| 70 | Vonones, Spalirises, Spalahores, and Spalyris were sons of Azes, and Spalagadames his grandson. From the absence of their coins in the Panjab, Cunningham infers that they could not have ruled there, and suggests Vonones' having been the great chief of the Śaka horde after the death of Maues, and that he remained in Sakastene while his relatives and generals possessed Qāndāhār, Sindh, and the Panjab. Azes and Azilises seem from their coins to have ruled over the Western Panjab. Cunningham fixes their capital at Taxila, and gives them the dates B.C. 100–20.—LIA. ii, 385 ff. *Nachfolger Alexanders*, 48 ff. BMC., *G.S.K.*, xli, xlix. Cunningham, NC., 3rd ser., viii, 215 ff.; x, 104 ff., 126. |
| 66 | Extinction of the Śuṅga dynasty. According to Pauranic tradition, the Śuṅga dynasty, after lasting 112 years, was overthrown by Vāsudeva who murdered his master Devabhūti and usurped the throne as first of the Kaṇva dynasty.—WVP. iv, 192. |
| 57 | Thursday, September 18th. Commencement of the Saṃvat era attributed to Vikramāditya, prevalent in Western India, and probably originating in Mālava. In Northern India it follows the pūrṇimānta reckoning, and the year begins with the full moon of Chaitra (instead of Kārttika), making the epoch Sunday, February 23rd, B.C. 57, or Kaliyuga 3044 expired. |
| 50 | Miaüs (Heraüs), a Śaka king, according to Gardner, and the contemporary of Kozulo Kadphises. Cunningham considers him a Kushaṇa, and identifies him with Yin-mo-fu who, according to Chinese accounts, conquered Kipin in B.C. 49.—BMC., *G.S.K.*, xlvii. Cunningham, NC., 3rd ser., x, 113. Rémusat, *Nouv. Mélanges Asiatiques*, i, 207. |
| 30 | Kozulo Kadphises, ruler of the Kushaṇa tribe of the Yueh-ti, subjugates the four other tribes and takes the title "King of the Kushaṇas." Having invaded the country of the Arsakides and seized Kipin (Arakhōsia, Drangiana, and Sakastene), he conquers Hermaios, the last ruler of the Greek kingdom in India, about B.C. 25, reigning at first with him and finally in his place. Kozulo Kadphises died at the age of 80, A.D. 10.—BMC., *G.S.K.*, xxxi, xlviii. Specht, JA., 8e série, ii, 325. Drouin, RN., 3e série, t. vi, 23, 215. Cunningham, NC., 3rd ser., xii, 41. |