The Historical Inscriptions of Southern India (collected till 1923) and Outlines of Political History c8.33

c8.33

A.D. 1. [The following was the political condition of Southern India at this time. The Ganjam and Vizagapatam country was probably governed by the King of Kalinga. The Āndhra king ruled the Godavari and Krishna tracts, with parts of Nellore, Cuddapah and Kurnool. North of what is now the Madras Presidency they had greatly extended their power so as to govern the whole of the Dekhan and even far to the north of it. The Chōla king held the territories lying between Pulikat and Rāmnād on the eastern side of the peninsula, with capital at Puhār on the Kāvēri river (Kāṇchi or Conjeveram was a Viceroyalty). The Pāṇḍyas held Madura, Tinnevelly, Travancore, part of Coimbatore, Cochin and the Palni Hills. The Chēras ruled the country to the north and west of the Pāṇḍya dominions.