Indian Epigraphy c12.59

c12.59

In these instances, the word upagata has been used once in relation to the inhabitants and local officials of the gift village (No. 2 of Group II). In one case (No. 4 of Group II), the local people and officials are stated to have been samupasthita at the gift land, while the subordinates, etc, are separated from the said class by the epithet yathā-kāla-bhāvin. The same distinction is also made in another case (No. 5 of Group II) by using the expressions bhaviṣyad-yathā-kāla-bhāvin and sāmanta-nivāsin. Similar use of the expressions prativāsin and yathā-kāl-ādhyāsin are noticed in one case (No. 6 of Group II) and yathā-kāl-ādhyāsin and nivāsin in another (No. 7 of Group II). This distinction is made clear in the Gāhaḍavāla records in which, in the course of an elaborate indication, we have °grāma-nivāsino nikhila-janapadān=upatatān=api ca rāja-rājñī, etc.³ Here the relation of the subordinates and officers of the king with the gift village is indicated by the word upagata. Some charters indicate the same distinction by enumerating the two classes as sarvān=ev=ātmīyān=mantri-purohita°, etc., and tan-nivāsi-Brāhmaṇ-ottarān, etc.⁴