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India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashtadhyayi c8.s10.8

India as Known to Pāṇini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashṭādhyāyī c8.s10.8

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c8.s10.8

*CITY-GATES*—The plan of the ancient walled cities was rectangular, usually square, pierced with four gates, one in the middle of each wall, facing the four quarters. (*Nagarassa chatusu dvāresu*, *Jāt.* I.262; III.414; cf. ‘Cities and City-Gates’, p. 213). Pāṇini describes the principle which governed the naming of these city-gates in the following *sūtra*:

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