India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashtadhyayi c8.s13.21

c8.s13.21

In the previous *sūtra Haratyutsangādibhyaḥ* (IV.4.15) reference is made to transporting by means of *utsaṅga*, a kind of small dug-out float, called *chang* in Sindh, similar to the Roman *cumba*, a small boat made originally from the hollow of a tree and used on rivers and lakes by fishermen; *uḍupa*, another small boat shaped like the half-moon (cf. Hindi *ḍongī*), *utpata*, probably a longish fishing boat; and *piṭaka*, a basket-like coracle made of weeds and rushes covered with leather.