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India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashtadhyayi c9.s1.18

India as Known to Pāṇini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashṭādhyāyī c9.s1.18

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c9.s1.18

Pāṇini mentions three classes of farmers: (1) not possessing a plough of their own (*ahali*, also called *apahala*, *apasīra*, or *apalāṅgala*, VI.2.187); (2) having a good plough (*suhalaḥ*, *suhaliḥ*); and (3) with a bad plough (*durhali* or *durhala*, V.4.121).

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