South India and her Muhammadan Invaders c11.10

c11.10

¹ This is not Namkal as surmised by Elliott, but in all probability one of the Mangalams, Mēla Mangalam or Kila Mangalam, in the western hills, not far from Madura and quite close to Periyakuḷam. It is to this vicinity that the earlier Vīra Pāṇḍya fled for refuge driven by his more powerful rival Kulaśēkhara Pāṇḍya in the war of succession in the twelfth century; or Mangalam in the Sattur Taluka a place of consequence in the same war. See Lecture I above.