History of Orissa from the Earliest Times to the British Period v1.c11.2.3

v1.c11.2.3

Sudyumna had three sons, named Utkala, Gaya and Haritāśva or Vinatāśva. Manu is said to have divided the earth, that is India, among his nine sons, but into ten portions. "Some Purāṇas imply that Sudyumna had a portion, but others say he obtained none because he had been a woman. Nevertheless, the authorities generally declare, first, that he received the town of Pratiṣṭhāna and gave it to Pururavas; and secondly, that his three sons had territories of their own, thus Utkala had the Utkala country, Vinatāśva had a Western country, and Gaya had the city Gayā and the Eastern region; but according to two Purāṇas, Gaya had only the city Gayā, and Haritāśva had the Eastern region together with the Kurus, that is, the Northern Kurus."¹ After the Kurukshetra war Kalinga is mentioned among the kingdoms that continued in North-eastern India. "A list is given of the note-worthy kingdoms that continued to exist, viz., states in the eastern part of North India, Ayodhyā, Kāśī, the Maithilas (of Videha), Bārhadrathas (of Magadha, which probably included Aṅga), and Kalinga."² The positions of Utkala and Kalinga show that the kingdoms of the sons of Sudyumna and that of Kalinga, son of Bali, were conterminous. The descendants of Manu held (1) all the Panjab (except the N. W. Corner), comprising the kingdoms of Sindhu, Sauvīra, Kaikeya, Madra, Vāhlika, Śivi and Ambaṣṭha;