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History of Orissa from the Earliest Times to the British Period v2.c49: Index

History of Orissa from the Earliest Times to the British Period v2.c49

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English

Contents

Index

v2.c49.1

Abhimanyu, I., 157, 222-24 Aboriginal tribes, I., 18-24 *Ābwāb*, levied by Murshid Quli Khan, II., 69 : of Shuja‘-ud-din, 83 : *Fauzdāri*, 85 Accountancy = *Gaṇanā*, I., 73 *Āchārasāra*, II., 88 Acharya, Paramananda, I., 34-37, 40, 172, 189 ; II., 37, 78*n*. Achyutapuram, plates of Indravarman I, I., 228*ff*., 241 *Ādiśūra*, I., 197 Afghan, in Mahānadī Delta, I., 8, 336, 339, 342*ff*.; in Orissa, 350-51 : struggle between Mughals and, II., 1-31 : rule, short, in Orissa, 1 : rebellion, 3 : confederacy defeated, 5 : peace with, 7 : defeated at Malnapur, 8 : surrender, 9 : 26, 90*ff*. : rebellion against Aliwardi Khan, 97 : rebels, 100 : join Marathas at Patna, 103 : defeated by Aliwardi, 104 : 349 Africa, I., 29 Aḥmad, II., *‘Alāuddīn*, I., 291, 292, 294, 298, 299 : Ḥājī, II., 72*ff*., 103 Aila, I., 44, 72, 74 *Ain-i-Akbari*, I. 250, II., 380 Aira (Aila, Aida) Kings of Kalinga, I., 46, 72, 83 *Aitareya Brāhmaṇa*, I., 20, 43 *Ājīvika* Sect, I., 84 *Akaṭā Abaṭa*, I., 287-88 Akbar, destroys independence of Bengal, I., 7 : sends embassy to and makes alliance with Mukunda Harichandana, 342-44 : 348, II., 1*ff*., 61 *Akbarnāmā*, I., 344, II., 1*ff*. *Akbarī, Ṭabaqāt-i-*, II., 2, 4 *Akbarī, Ain-i-*, II., 11, 21, 22, 50, 51

v2.c49.2

Akhen-Aton, I., 336 *Akshaśālī (Ārkāśālī, Akshapaṭalī)* I., 171, 173, 176, 185, 227 ; *Mahā-*, I., 215 Al (Aul), II., 14, 15, 21 ; Rājā of, 23-24, 58, 195, 271, 292 Alakāpurī, I., 90 Alamchand, Rai, II., 72 *ff*. *‘Alamgīr*, see Aurangzīb *‘Alamgīrī, Aḥkām-i-*, II., 32 *Ālānastambha*, I., 194 *ff*. *Alaṅkāra*, I., 267 Alaungpaya, I., 95 Al-Biruni, I., 59 Alexander, I., 309, 311 Allahabad, pillar inscription, I., 115, 116, 232 *Allālanātha*, I., 274, 275 Allasāni Peddan, I., 334 Alleyn, Charles, II., 156, 175 *ff*. *Amalaka*, I., 346, II., 1348 *ff*. Amarāvatī, I., 106, 325 Amarkot, I., 7 America, I., 29, 97 *Amir=Hamīra*, I., 259, 267 *Amogha-Kalaśa*, I., 17 *Amvasarasarā = Ambasarabhitta* I., 171 *Ānanda-tīrtha*, I., 270-71 Anaṅgabhīma II (Aniyaṅkabhīma), I., 252, 254, Megheśvara and Chaṭeśvara temples built, 255 : Musalman conquest of N. India, fatal indifference of Hindu kings, 255-56 : 258, 267, 268, 288 ; II., 370 Anaṅgabhīma III, Hindu kings of Orissa roused, 259 : war with Ghiyaṣuddin, Sultan of Bengal, 260-61 : war with Haihayas of Ratnapura, 261 : Liṅgarāj inscriptions, 261-62 : Chaṭeśvara inscription, 262, 288 Anantagumphā, described, I., 86 : sculptures of, 87 ; II., 363, 416

v2.c49.3

Anantavarman, I., 226 *ff.*, 243 *ff.* Anantavarman II, Parlakimedi plates of, I., 232-33 Anantavarman III, Vizagapatam plates of, I., 233-34 Anantavarman Choḍagaṅga, see Choḍagaṅga Anantavarman Madhu-Kāmārnava, I., 254-55 Anantavarman Rāghava, I., 255 Anantavarman Rājarāja I., 255 Ananta Vāsudeva temple, I., 319, II., 336, 353, 354 *ff.*, description of, 364 : Its date, 365 Ancient, Houses of, I., 102 Andhra, I., 1, 3, 7, 12, 136, 137 (An-tolo) separate from Kaliṅga, 140-41, 142, capital of, 144-45 : 186, 191, 243, 317 Aṅga, country, I., 43, 47, 57 : Jain religious texts, Khāravela causes to be compiled, I., 82 Aṅgul district, hill tracts of, I., 3 : stone implements from, 27 : 28, II., 157, 271, 292, 312 *ff.* Aṅka, I., 253, 254, 255, 261, 270 *ff.*, 289 *ff.*, 306 *ff.*, 338 Aniyaṅkabhīma, Vajrahasta, I., 238-39 see Anaṅga bhīma II. Ankapalle, ruins at, I., 11 Animal, I., 86, Sculpture at Konarak, II., 415 Annam, I., 96 Antarāla, II., 338, 339, 349, 354 *ff.* Anthropologist, II., 97 Antirigram, charter of Yaśobhañja, I., 183-84 : charter of Jayabhañja, 184-85 Apavāra, I., 157, 223 Arabesque, I., 304, 316, II., 349, 408-09 Araṇabhīta, I., 132, 134 Āraṇyakas, a sect of Brāhmaṇas, I., 15 Arch, I., 86, 87, II., 348, 383 Archæological, Department, Indian, (Survey of India) I., 10, 69 ; of Mayurbhanj State, II., 64 : 359 Archæologist I., 33, 34, 97

v2.c49.4

Architect=āvesanika, I., 75 Architecture, Persepolitan, I., 85, mediæval, II., 333-83 Architrave, I., 85 Arcot, South, I., 291, 294-96 Argāon, II., 263 *ff.* Arhat, I., 71 Armardan, captured by Yūzbak, I., 266 Art, Plastic, II., 384-420 Arthaśāstra of Kauṭilya, Kaliṅga in, I., 46-47 : 72, 73 Aryan, I., 57, 58, 74, 98, 105, cultural contacts between pre-Aryan civilisation of Indonesia and Mohen-jo-daro, 105-08 : Aryanization, I., 98, 104 : Non, I., 106 Ārzbadan, I., 266 Asiatic, Western, I., 89 : Culture, I., 97 : Researches, I., 110. Āṣkā, taluqa, 178 *ff.*, 349, II., 20, I., 21 Aśoka, I., campaign in Kaliṅga of, 5 : conquest of Kaliṅga by, 61-64 : vigorous resistance by Kaliṅgans to, 63 : 13th edict of ; remorse of the Emperor, 63-64 : two special Kaliṅga edicts of, 65-69 : edicts and ruins at Dhauli, 69-70 : Kaliṅga after death of, 70 : Kaliṅga asserts independence after death of, 71 : 82, 84, 142, 153, 240, II., 419 Assam, I., 31, 127 *ff.*, 218, 233, 258 *ff.*, 267, Assaye, II., 263 *f.* Aśvamedha, I., 91, 122 Atgada, inscription, I., 349-50 Athara-gaḍh, States forming, II., 261 Āthgaḍh State, I., included within Tosala, 4 : II., 23, 261, 262, 270, 271, 312 *ff.* Athmallik, State, II., 261-62, 272, 311 *ff.* Atibara, sect, I., 334 Afīfa-rājye, I., 222 Aurangzib, 'Alamgīr, I., 336, II., 11, 32, 38, 41, 43, 53, 55, Orissa suffers from religious bigotry of, 56-57 :

v2.c49.5

Orissa divided into twelve *Sarkars* in reign of, 57-58 : orders destruction of Jagannātha temple 60-61 : 64, 66 *ff.*, 245 Austral Islands, I., 100 Austric, race and language I., 6, 32, 38, 94, 97 Avarāja=Arvarnoi, I., 80 *Avataṃsaka*, I., 147 Ayaśobhita, I., 132, 134 Ayyangar, S. K., I., 50*n*., 295-96, 319

v2.c49.6

Babhanbhum (Bamanbhum), II., 17, 18, 24 Bāghalladevī, I., 258 Bāgh Gumphā, I., 90 *Bahārisfān*, II., 32 Bahmanī, Sulṭan, I., 7 : 287, 290 *ff.*, war of Kapilendra with, 292-93 : defeat of army of, 293 : empire, Kapilendra invades, 296-97 : 303-04, 305 *ff.*, invade Telīṅgana 305-06 : Purushottama reconquers Telīṅgana from, 314-15 : 328 : Humāyūn Shāh, I., 292-93 : 296, 297 Muḥammad III, I., 305 *ff.*, drives out Purushottama from Kṛishṇā-Godāvarī *doāb*, 309-13 : besieges and captures Rājamahendri, 310 : campaign against Vijayanagara of, 313 : death of, 314-15 : Maḥmūd Shāh, I., 310, 314, 322 Baḥri, Niẓām-ul-mulk Ḥasan, defeats Orissan army and annexes Godāvari delta, I., 305-06 : Purushottama defeats, 309-10, 12 : 314 Bāhubalendras of Ganjam, I., 349-50 Baidyapur, village, site of prehistoric remains, I., 35-36 : Palaeolithic finds in, 36-37 : association of Palaeoliths with Neoliths, 37-38 : new class of Neolithic implements from, 39 : pre-historic pottery at, 39-40 : importance of the site of, 40 *Bakhar*, II., 108, information about Orissa in, 240 *ff.*

v2.c49.7

Balabhadra, Rajah of Khurda, II., 41-42 Balāditya, I., 237, 245 Balarāma, I., 316, 334, II., 12 Balasore (Baleswar), I., people of, 1 : district of, (iv) 4 : 17, 18, 33, 41, 136, 162, 250, 287, 320, II., 16, 17, 19, 25, 49, 62, factory survives, 63 : captured and plundered by the English, 64 : Dutch, Danish, French settlements at, English re-occupy factory at, 65 : 68, 77, defeat of Murshid Quli II at the battle of, 79 : 86, 90 : 93, 110, Maratha incursions and the English at, 114 : British encroachment upon, 185 : district formed, 292 : cyclones, floods and famines in, 323 : Bali, Pauranic king, I., 43, 45 island, I., 98, 104 Ball, V., description of stone implements from Orissa by, 27-28 : 33 Baluchistan, I., 103, 107 Bamra State, I., home of the aboriginals, 6 : Gaṅgā-Vamsa chiefs of, 115, II., 261, 289, 306, 312 *ff.* Bamanghati=Brāhmanavas, I., 162, 179, plates of second group of Bhanja kings, 179-82 : II., 24, 59-60, 204, *Sarbarāhkār* of, 298 *ff.*: Kols of, 301 : disturbances in, 304 Bāṇabhaṭṭa, I., 20, on Śaśāṅka, 125-27 : 144, 218 Bandopādhyāya, B. C., I., 110, 111, II., 12, 33, 41 Banerji,—Sastri, A., I., 202, 262*n*., Chandrasekhara, II., 386*f*. Bāngdiposi hills, I., 34 Banka, tribe, I., 24 Banki, State, II., 23, 156-57, 271, 292 Bankura, district, II., 7, 17, 24, 60 Bāpu, Chimnā, leads expedition against Bengal, II., 201, bought off by Hastings, 203 Barabalong river, I., 3 Barābar hills=Gorathagiri, I., 79, 84

v2.c49.8

Barabati, fort, II., 9, 77, 80, 82, 93, 99, 156, 242-43 Bāra-bhuji, cave, II., 394 Barajenā, Gopīnātha, I., 331, 333 Baramba, State, II., 151, 270, 271, 312ff, Barasāmbar, Binjhal chiefs of I., 23, 207 ; II., 261, 289, 307 Bargarh, State, II., 261-62, 289, 306, 322 Baripada, I., 34, 35, 180, temple of Burā Jagannātha at, II., 382 Barmul Pass, II., 156-57 Bas-relief, I., 86, 87, 88, 90, on Paraśurāmesvara temple, II., 345 : of the Muktesvara, 352 Bastar, State of, I., described, 7 : 8, old chiefs of, 16 : 79, part of ancient Kosala, 141 : imperfectly surveyed by archæologists, 143 : II., 309 Basu, Nirmal Kumar, I., 276-77 Baudh, State, ruins of Gandharadi in, I., 11, immigration of Kultas from, 24 : grant of Netribhanja I in, 1631-64 : 165, plates of 26th year of Ranabhanja I, 168-69 : charter of 23rd year of Ranabhanja I, 169-70 : undated inscription of Ranabhanja I, 170 : plate of 54th year of Ranabhanja I, 170-71 : plate of 58th year of Ranabhanja I, 171-72 : 186, 286, II., 157-58, 261, 272ff., 311, 339, temples in, 353ff. Buddha figures from, 385, 390ff. Baudhayana, Dharma sūtra of, I., 57-58 Bauri, I., 25 Bayazid, march to Orissa, storm Katak, kill Mukunda Harichandana, I., 344-45 : 350, II., 3, 29 Beg, Hashim, II., 29-30, Subahdar of Orissa, 32-35 : siege of Jagannath 33-34 Bemgalla=Bengal, I., 283 Bengal, I., 5, 7, 8, 25, 28, 41, 45, 49, 58, 96, 115, 128, 129, 137, 157, 196, 199, 203, 218, 251, 256, 258ff., war of Anangabhima III, with Sultan of, 160-61 : condition of, 261 : war of Narasimha I with Musalman Governers of, 263-67 : Narasimha I invades, 263-264 : policy of, Narasimha I towards Musalmans of 268 : campaign of Narasimha II against Musalmans of, 273-74 : 282, 290, 298, 299, campaign of Kapilendra against Malikā Parisā of, 302 : 320, 323, Sultan of, invades Orissa, 327 : campaign of Prataparudra, 327-28 : 331, 336, 337, Sultan of, help Raghubhanja, 339, 341 : Sultan of, conquer N. Orissa, 341-42 : war with Mukundadeva and conquest of Orissa by Sulaiman Kararāni of, 343-46 : progress of Mukundadeva in, checked by Sulaiman, 344 : 350-51 : II., 2 ff. Mughal officers in, 26-31 : 33 ff. Orissa under Nāgims of, 66-89 : Mughal- Maratha struggle in, 90-115 : Sivarām threatens to invade, 131 : last attempt of Marathas to invade, 201 : English army from, invade and occupy Orissa, 265 Bengali, I., 272, 273, 275, 286, 316, 320, 330, subordinates of British officers ruin Orissa nobility, II., 278 : advent of new type of, 323 : and early British administration, 329-32 : 383, 378 Berar, II., 91, 94, 95 Berhampur-Ganjam, I., 3 Bernier, II., 25, 50-53 Bezwada, I., 3, 8, 316 Bhadalpur=Bhadrachalam or Bhadrapuram, I., 61, 81 Bhadrabāhu, I., 82 Bhadrak, II., 9, Sarkar of, 16, 19-20, 28, 29, 57-58 Bhagirathi, I., 342, II., 94 Bhagra Pir, village, I., 41 Bhakti-mārga, I., 330, 336 Bhandāra Thāu Poroparīksha, I., 284 Bhandin, I., 126 Bhanja, kings, I., 10, 19, 22, 23, 156, oldest royal dynasty in ancient Orissa, 161 : why Rajput descent is claimed by Orissa, 161 : present, descendants of ancient, 163 ff. : birth of ancestor of dynasty from egg, 164 ff., 190 : first group of, 163-78 : extent of kingdom of later, 178 : second group of, of Mayurbhanja and Keonjhar, 178-183 : relation between two groups, 179 : link between two groups, 179 : Bamanghati plates of second group, 179-80 : special form of draft of land grants of second group, 180-81 : second group feudatory chiefs, 181 : third group of, 183-86 : date of third group, 186 : genealogical table of, 188 : date of first group of, 189 : oldest record of, 189-90 : 196, sequence of Somavamsi and, 214-15 : 225, position of, 339 : II., 24, supreme in Orissa in 1656, 43-44 : of Mayurbhanj assume independence, 63 : 78, 261, of Mayurbhanj foremost princes of Orissa, 294

v2.c49.9

Bhanjbhum, I., 162, II., 24, converted to Vaisnavism, 37

v2.c49.10

Bhanudeva I, I., 270, 288 :

v2.c49.11

Bhanudeva II, I., 258, accession of, 275 : invasion of Orissa by Sultan Ghiyasuddin Tughluk, 275-76 : new Puri plates of, 276-80 : Purushottama, the usurper, 277-80 : Sri-Kurmam inscription of, 280-81 : 288

v2.c49.12

Bhanudeva III, I., 281, decline of Eastern Ganga dynasty, foreign invasions of Orissa, 282-83 : 288

v2.c49.13

Bhanudeva IV, I., 287-88, 303

v2.c49.14

Bharhut, I., 85, 86, 87

v2.c49.15

Bhaskar Pandit (Bhaskar Ram), humiliates Aliwardi, II., 83, Mir Habib invites, 90 : falls upon Aliwardi unawares, 91 : negotiations with Aliwardi, 92 : defeated by Aliwardi at Katwa, 95 : retreat of, 96 : reappeared and murdered, 97 :

v2.c49.16

Bhaskar Pandit, Faujdar of Balasore, II., 141 ff.

v2.c49.17

Bhaskaravarman, alliance with Harsha against Sasanka, 127 ff.

v2.c49.18

Bhaskaresvara temple, II., 355, 382-83.

v2.c49.19

Bhasvati, I., 251

v2.c49.20

Bhatta, Bhavadeva, II., 365

v2.c49.21

Bhavani Pandit, Subahdar of Orissa, II., 147 ff., further negotiations between Governor of E. I. Company and, regarding Chauth, 150 : expedition against Rajas of Mayurbhanj and Nilgiri of, 151 : professes friendship towards Company, 152

v2.c49.22

Bhimaraja, I., 308, 309, 312

v2.c49.23

Bhimaratha (Mahasivagupta II) I., 220 ff.

v2.c49.24

Bhimgirias, a sect of Brahmanas, I., 15.

v2.c49.25

Bhifara Bhandara Adhikari, I., 285

v2.c49.26

Bhoga, I., 300-01, 334.

v2.c49.27

Bhogamandapa, I., 251, 268-69, of Jagannatha temple built by Purushottama, 319 : II., 357 ff, of Lingaraja, 361 : of Jagannatha, 377, 417

v2.c49.28

Bhoi (Karan), I., 18 : dynasty, I., 334, founded by Govinda Vidyadhara, 337 : kings of, 337 : 341, II., 10, 11

v2.c49.29

Bhojakas (Mahabhojas), subdued by Kharavela, inscriptional references to, I., 77-78 : 91

v2.c49.30

Bhramaragiri (Po-lo-mo-lo-ki-li) ; monastery in Mahakosala, I., 144

v2.c49.31

Bhramaravara, II., 46, 74

v2.c49.32

Bhonsle, of Nagpur, II., 90 ff., position of, rivalry between Peshwas and, 116 : fails to help Nawab Mir Qasim, 143 : power of, weakened, 197 :

v2.c49.33

Raghuji, II., 83, 91 ff., grudge of Balaji Baji Rao against, 95 : defeated by Balaji Baji Rao, 97 : sacks Murshidabad, alliance with Afghan rebels, 100 : 109ff., text of treaties between Aliwardi and, 111 : Garhjat States and 157-58 :

v2.c49.34

Manūjī, II., 112 Bimbaji, II., 104 Januji, II., 97, third Maratha invasion of Bengal and Orissa under, 98 ; 101ff., 110, 112, deputy of Raghuji in Orissa, 118 : treaty with Mir Ja'afar regarding Chauth 121 : Mir Qasim replies to, regarding Chauth, 133 : futile negotiations between Company and, 159 : agrees to sell Orissa to Company, 167 : war with Peshwa and Nizam 170 : exasperated, 177 : death of 186 Mudhoji, II., 171, civil war with Sabaji 186 ff, 197 ff, 288, 289 Sabaji, II., 171, civil war with Mudhoji, 187 ff. 193 ff. Raghuji II, master of Orissa, II., :190, 240 ff, 263, position of, 264 ff, cedes Orissa to British, 267 : Patna and Sambalpur restored to, 267. Bhuiyā, tribe, I., 19, 22-23, 24, 41, rebellion, II., 319 Bhulia (Bholia, Bhoriya, Bholwa, Mihir, Meher) caste, I., 24, Bhumije, tribe, I., 19, 22-23. Bhuvaneśvara, town of, I., 10,temples at, 11 : 71, lost inscription of, 157,158, 223, 214, 224 : 254-55, 261 269, 289, inscription of Kapilendra, 291, 299, 301-02 : 319, 336, II., 56, temples at, 335ff : minor shrines at, 355 : art of, compared with art of Khiching, 398. Bidar, Bahmani Sultans of, I., 7 Kapilendra advances upto, 296-97, 299, 302, 304 : invades Telingana, 305-06 : 307, 308, 322 Bihar, I., 22, 26, 45, 114, II., 7, 32, 69, 82, Mughal-Matatha struggle in, 90-115 : Bijāpur, I., 323, 325, 329 Bilaspur, district, I., 261 Bilbun, Ghiyāsuddin, I., 265, 273, 275 Bindra-Nawagarh, State, II., 261, 289, 307 Bindusara : I, 61, 82, Binjhal, tribe, I., 19, 22, 23.

v2.c49.35

Binjhwars-Binjhals. Binka=Vinitapura, I., 214 ff. Bisśoyis, Savara chiefs, I., 21. Blochmann, II., 2,26 Bodagulo inscription, I., 348-50 Bodh Gaya, I, 85, 126, 128, 223. Bodhi tree, I., 126 Bodhisattva, I., 139, 143, 144 Bolangir, I., 206 ff. Bombay, I., 75 Bonai, State, I., home of the aboriginals, 6 : Bhuiyās in, 19, 24, plate of Vinitatunga II, 200-201 : plate of Udayavarāha, 201-02 : II,, 261, 311 ff. Borneo, I., 94, 96, 98 Boucher, I., 28, 29, 35, 36 Bramhaputra, river, I., 32 : Bramha Śarīra, II., 12 Brāmhaṇa, period I., 43 Brāmhaṇa, caste, subdivisions and migrations to Orissa of, I., 14-16 : Utkala, 15 : 24, 79, 118, 197, 230, 245, 246, 255, 262, 270, 273, 286, 298, 318, 335, II., 17 ff. 95 Brahmanic, I., 64, 104 Brāmhanism, I., 381 Brāhmaṇa vasti, vil., =Brāhmaṇavas, I., 182 dist., =Bamanghātī, I., 182 Brahmanabad-Mansura, I., 107 Brāmhanī river, I., 3, 4. Bramheśvara, temple, I., 224, 269, II., 336, 356 ff. description of, 366 Brihaspatimitra (Bahasatimita), Sunga King, subdued by Khāravela, I., 81, 91 Brihat Samhita of Varāhamihira; mention of Kalingas and Odras and Kośalas in, I., 55-56 : II., 337 Bristow, John, II., 128 ff. British, rule, Oriya speaking countries under, I., 8 : II., 23, 65, 130 ff., encroachment upon Balasore, 185 : conquest and administration, 263-328 : administration, early and, Bengalis, 329-536

v2.c49.36

Bruce Foote, R., I., 33 Buddha, I., 43, 44, 51, 138, 230, images of, II., 385 ff. Buddhaghosha, I., 73 Buddhism, I., 96, 126, strong in Oḍra or N. Orissa, 137-39 : weak in Koṅgoda, 140 : 141, 142, very strong in Mahākośala, 142 : 143, lingers in Orissa till 16th century, 331 Buddhist, I., 10, 49, 51, 90, 85, 99, 106, 125 majority of Oḍra people, 137,138 : in Orissa, 131-39 : very few in Kaliṅga, 141 : first group of Kara kings, 147-49 : a new dynasty, of Kings of Orissa, 201-02 : 203, 256, 331, influence so-called, II., 368 401 : sculptures from Udayagiri, Lalitagiri, Ratnagiri, etc., 385 ff. Budhaleṅka, I, 284-15 Bugada plates of Madhavavarman, I., 120 ff., 130 ff. Bukkarāya II., 282 Burdwan, II., 5, 6, 7, 33, 83, 94, attacked by Marathas 102. Būrhan-i-Ma’asīr, I., 289ff., 305 ff., account of 313-12. Burma, I., 31, 32, Tri-Kaliṅga and Talaings of, 95-96, : 104,

v2.c49.37

Calcutta, II, 64, 121 ft., Caliugon (Calingon ?) = Kaliṅga, I., 13, 52 Cambodia, I., 96 Capital, I., 15 Caroline group, Mieronesia, I., 102, 103, Cartwright, Ralph, secures trade licence from Naib Nazim, II., 61-63 : Carving, style of, I., 87, 90, 108, of Mukteśvara, II., 350, of Jagannatha, 409 : of Bhogamandapa of Jagannātha, 417 : on gateways of Jagannātha, 418 Caste, of Orissa, I., 14-26 Cave, I, 82, 84-91, Celebes, I., 105, 106,

v2.c49.38

Central Provinces, Oriya-speaking states in, I., 8 : Goṇḍs in, 23 : 78, 115, 131, 205, Ceylon, I., 6. 48, 49, 51, a Kaliṅgan dynasty in, 94 : 230 Chaitanya, I., 275, 223, principal cause of decline of Orissa, 330-31 : sequel to meeting of, and Rāmānanda Rāya, 332-33 : influence of, upon Prataparudra and his policy, 333 : his death, 334 : 335, cult, national adoption of, and disastrous consequences, 336 : 338, Charitāmṛita, I., 316-17 : 333 Maṅgala, I., 333 bhāgavata, I., 333 Chaitya window, I., 269, in earliest group of temples, II., 343ff : of Mukteśvara, 348 : of Liṅgarāja, 362 : evolution of, 402 Chaklah, II., 61-69 Chakladar, H. C., II., 386 ff Chakra Pratapa (Chakā Pratāpa) succeeds Govinda Vidyādhara, I., 340-41 : 346 Chakradhar Bhañja, II., 78, 82 See Jagadīśvara Bhañja Chakradharpur, plates of Raṇa-bhañja I., 168 Chakravarti, Monmohan, I., 192, 247, 251, 253, 260, 261,262, 276ff., 288n., 290, 300, 303, 316, 329, 338, 340, 341, 344; II., 22, 87 Nilmani, I., 199 Chakravarti, I., 278 Chalcolithic culture, no trace in Orissa, I., 34 : 105, 106, 107, 108 Chālukyas, of Aṇahilapātaka, I., 72, 186, 218 : Eastern, of Bādāmi, I., 130, 145, 190, Eastern, of Veṅgi, Vijayāditya VII and Rājarāja Vishnuvardhana, Kings of, I., 247-48 : 259, 267, 270ff., 279, Western, I., 154, 186, 217 Chalukyan, II., 333ff. Chanda, Ramaprasad, I., (lv), 10, 36, 109-111, 183-84n., 344-48; II., 13, 355, 357, 386-87, 393, 395ff.

v2.c49.39

Chandarpur, II., 261-62 Chandellas, of Jejakabhukti, I., 218, 244, 256 Chandernagore, II., 65 Chandihara, I., 157, 223 Chandra, kings, I., 199 Chandragupta, Maurya, I., 59, 60, unable to conquer Kalinga, 61-62 : 82, 309, Gupta, I., 129 Somavamsi, I., 134, 204, 225 Chandralekha, I., 252, 254, 288 Chandrasekharesvara temple, II., 353, 356, 396 Chandravarman, I., 226-27, 235, Chandrika, I., 267 Charitra=Che-li-ta-lo, I., 138 Charnock, Job, II., 64 Chasa (Tasa), caste, I., 18, 25, Chatham Islands, I., 101 Chatesvara, temple and inscription I., 255, 259, 260, details of, 262 Chatterji, Jadab Chandra, autobiography of, II., 329-32 : Bankim Chandra, II., 329, 386 Chaudhuri, II., 54 Chauhan (Chohan) chiefs, I., 165, 255, 256 ; II., 251ff., forced to pay tribute to Marathas, 257 : list of feudatory states under, 260 Chaurasi plates of Sivakaradeva, I., 146 ff., details of, 148-49 Chauth, II., 109 ff., Maratha offensive against the Company for stoppage of, 126 : treaty between Mir Ja'afar and Januji regarding, 121 : Marathas demand, of Midnapur from E. I. Company, 130 : Mir Qasim replies to Januji regarding, 133 : repeated demands of, 145 Che-li-ta-lo (Charitra), city in Odra, I., 138 Chedi, dynasty, I., 219 Chedra, II., 23 Cheti (Chedi) dynasty, of Kalinga, I., 71, 72, records of, 83 : monuments of Kings of, 84-91 : Chhatrapati, II., 95, 111 Chhattisgarh, division, I., 137, 141, 143, 258 ; II., 91, evidence of Mughal conquest of, 251 : evidence of Maratha conquest of, 254 : Garhjat states, status of Orissa Garhjat States higher than, 259 : 291, 307ff.

v2.c49.40

Chhota Nagpur, I., 111 ; II., 91, 311 Chhotaraya, I., 298, 339, 341-43, 345 Chikakole, I., 4, Musalman Faujdar of, 5 : 350 plates of Devendravarman I, 226ff., 240 : grants of Indravarman II, 229-30 : plates of Devendravarman II, 231-32 : plates of Satyavarman, 234 : 271 ; II., 17, 37, 38, 47, 82

v2.c49.41

Chilka lake, I., 3, 4, 18, 30, 136 139, 214, 344, 349 ; II., 74 China, embassy of Prajna to, 148 Chinese, pilgrim, I., 125, 126, 136ff. —emperor, I., 70,139, 146, 147ff. Chitra dikshita, I., 198 Chitrangada, King of Kalinga, I., 50 Chodadevi, I., 275, 288 Chodaganga, Anantavarman, builder of Puri temple, I., 11,138,158, 181, 186, identification of Vajrahasta, grandfather of, 236-39 : Vizagapatam plates of, genealogy of E, Gangas, 237-38, 239, 242 ff., succeeds Rajaraja I., 248 : three Vizagapatam grants of, 248-50 : conquers Utkala and Vengi, 249 : defeats king of Mandara, 250 : his empire and neighbours, 251 : his monuments and relics 251-52 : his relations, 252 : 253 ff., new inscriptions of, 257 : 258 ff., 268-69 : 288 ; II., 369ff, Chola (Choliya), I., 93, 94, 28, 132, 217, 238 invasion of Kalinga, 246-48 : Mandala, I., 328 Churanga-pokhiri, I., 252 Churangasahi, I., 252 Clive, Robert, II., 97, and diamond factory at Sambalpur, 153 : proposal to purchase Orissa, 156 : 159 : ff., attempt of, to get Orissa without payment, 173 Coast, Eastern, I., 109, 115, 282, 290, 292, 307, 313 Cochin, I., 74 Coggin Brown, J., I., 27 : views on Indian Palæolithic culture 28-29 : on types of Indian stone implements, 32 : 33. Cohn, William, II., 395 ff. Coins, examiner of, = Rūpa-darśaka= Lupadakhe, I., 73. Coin, Puri Kushan, I., iv, 111-15 : of Mughal mint at Kaṭak; II., 61, 88. Colonisation, South Indian, of Further India and Indian Archipelago, I., 93 : evidences of early, by people of Kaliṅga, 94-96 : of Indonesia and Pacific islands, two different stages, 98 : pre-Aryan, 107. Company, East India, dispute between Shāyista Khan and, II., 64-65 : 119, relations with Sivarām Sathe, 120 : help of Rāja Rāj Nārāyan of Kasijora sought by; prepare to meet Maratha attack, 125 : Maratha offensive against, for stoppage of chauth, 126 : end of hostilities, 128 : earliest communication from Mayurbhañja Rāja to, 129 : Marathas demand chauth of Midnapur from, 130 : Governor of, mistrust Sivarām, 134 : beginning of proposal to invade Orissa by, 135 : plans of invasion of Orissa by, 136 : further correspondence between Januji and, 140 : hostilities between Nawāb Mir Qāsim and, 142 : correspondence between Chimnā Sāhu and Governor of, 149 : further correspondence regarding chauth with Bhavānī Paṇḍit, 150 : Bhavānī Paṇḍit profess friendship towards, 152 : further futile negotiations between Jānujī and, 159 : Jānujī agrees to sell Orissa to, 167 : more correspondence with Sambhājī Gaṇesh, 178 : Maratha governor begs help of Governor of, 183 : activities of Damodar Bhāñja and, 204-27. Confederacy, Samudragupta confronted by, of Southern kings ? I., 116-17. Conjeeverum, Kanchi, I., 304. Cook, Captain, I., 100. Coomaraswamy, A. K., II., 336n., 357, 393, 395. Copper age, I., 34, implements in Orissa, 40-42 : 107. Cornwallis, Lord, summons Damodar Bhāñja, II., 226 : orders attachment of Zamīndari of Damodar Bhāñja, 235. Council, Governor-General in, II., 206 ff. Cousens. H., I., 107. Cowrie. II., 48 ff. Crete, I., 108. Cultivation, terraced, I., 101, 104, 106-07. Culture-sequence in Oceania and Indonesia, I., 98. Cultural contacts between pre-Aryan civilization of Indonesia and Mohen-jo-dāro, I., 105-08 : other points of, yet to be explored, 108. Cunningham, I., 52, 139. Currency, silver, = Rūpa, I., 73. copper = Tāmra-Rūpa, I., 73. Cuttack (Kaṭak), I., district of, 4 : Oriya of, 7 : road to Simbalpur, 9 : ruins in district of 10 : town of (Kaṭak), 10 : 18, 26, 69, 122, 136, 174, 175, 205 ff., Kaṭaka of Somavamsī inscriptions is not, 210-11 : 250, 252, 262, 272, 283, II., 15, 16, 20, 24, 28, 33, 41, 93 district formed, 292 : cyclones, floods and famines in, 323. Cyclone, II., 323. Cyclopean, structure, I., 102, 103, ruin, origin in Oceania, 103-04 : 105.

v2.c49.42

Dacca, II., 64, 67, 73, 74, 92n, 94 Ḍahala, I., 219 Ḍahaṇa. I., 219 Ḍahāpārā, II., 92 Dakshiṇa-Kośala, see Mahākośala, Kośala Dakshiṇāpatha ; I., 54, 57, 76. Dām, II., 17 Damana of Eraṇḍapalle, I., 116 Dāmodar, river, I., 344, II., 5. Damodar Bhañja, II., 129, 154, 164, his relations with E. I. Company, 204 : hostilities between Company, 210 : protests of, to Company, 211 : injustice to, 214 : guerilla warfare by, 216 : pays arrears of revenue, 221 : depredations of troops of, 223 : summoned by Cornwallis, 226 : Cornwallis orders attachment of zamindari of, 235 : abdication and death of, 237 : succeeded by Sumitra Dei, 238 : Dānārṇava, I., 230, 237 Dānārṇava, II., I., Tekkali plates of, 230-31 ff. Daṇḍa bhukti, I., 157-58. Dandagula (Dandaguḍa); I., 13, 52. Daṇḍapāta, I., 297, 324, 331, 333, II., 17 Daṇḍi Mahādevī, I., 146, three grants of, 149 ff. : ascends throne, 150, first Ganjam plate, second Ganjam plate and Kumuraṅga plate of, 155-56 : fate of Karas after, 156. Danes, Danish factory at Balasore, II., 65 Ḍāṅgā, Dināmār, II., 65 Dantakura (Dandagula), mentioned by Pliny, I., 13 : 47, 48. Dantapura, capital of Kaliṅgas, I., 48, 49, location and identification of, 50-52 : 230, 237. Dantipura, I., 242 Dantavaram; Dantapura, identification of, I., 51-52 Dantavaktra ; I., 52, Darpan, II., 23, 59-60, Daryābāi, Mahārāṇī, II., 186 ff. Daśaratha, Maurya, I., 84

v2.c49.43

Daśarathī Bhañja, II., 154 Das Gupta, H. C., I., 31, 39 Daspalla, State, included within Tosala I., 4 : plates of Neṭribhañja III in, 177-78 : plates of Raṇabhañja II in, 179, 182-83 : II., 23, 157, 272, 312 ff. Dāūd, I., 350 Daurān, Khān-i-, Ṣubāhdār of Orissa, II., 41 : condition of Orissa before his appointment, 42-43 : quells rebellious zemindars, 43 : meeting of Krishna Bhañja and, 44 : fails to subdue Mayurbhañj, 45 : expedition against and submission of Mukundadeva of Khurda, 46 : Keonjhar ravaged by, 46-47 : restores order in Orissa, 47 : condition and administration of Orissa during his time, 47-52 : quarrel between Dīwān Muhamad Hāshim and, 52-54 : 56 Day, Francis, II., 63 Dead, methods of disposal of, I., 105-106 Deccan, I., 29, 74, 292, 293, 312, 314, political condition of, 322-23 : II. 66, 69, 80 Decorative motifs, II., 347 ff., of Pārvatī temple, 362 : of Vaitāl Deul, 407 : of Rājā-Rānī, 408 : and general effect in Konarak temple, 415 Dei, Sumitrā, succeeds Damodar Bhañja, II., 237 : Nayabasan restored to, 239 : 272-74 : Champā, claim succession, II., 275 ff. Jamunā, claim succession, II., 275 ff. Delhi. I., 110, 255, 259 ff., 273, 299, 320, 336, II., 35, 48, 67, 69, 70, 72 Demetrios, Greek king, Kharavela checks invasion of, I., 79, 91 Deo, Derrup Sing, see Divya Simha Danda, II., 74-75 Prithvi Sing, II., 252 ff. Depari, I., 93 Deul, I., 344

v2.c49.44

Pida-, II., 341, 382 Deulia, II., 24 Dev, Gopīnāth, II., 195 *ff.* Bhupāl, 289 *ff.* Devabhañja, I., 183, 188 Devānāmpriya (Aśoka), I., 65, 66, 67 Devānanda, I., 202, 203 Devagupta of Malava, I., 126, 129 Devapāla, I., 131 Devarāṣṭra, I., 116 Devarāya II, I., 290, 293 Devārkoṇḍa, battle of, I., 293, 297, 305 Devendravarman I, Chikakol plates of, I., 226 *ff.*, 237, 239, 240, 245, Devendravarman II, Chikakol plates of, 231 : Siddhantam plates of, 232 *ff.* : 240 Devendravarman III, Vizagapatam plates of, I., 233 : Tekkali plates of, 234, 244 Devendravarman IV, I., 234 Devkoṭ, I., 259 Dhalbhum, I., 1, 6, 33, 162, 345 Dharmakhedi, I., 243, 244 Dharmakoḷaśa, I., 173 Dharmarāja, charters of, I., 132 *ff.* Dharma-sūtra of Baudhāyana ; Kaliṅgas in, I., 57-58 Dhauli, ruins at, I., 10 : Aśokan edict at, describes administration of Kaliṅga, 62, 64, 65-67 : Aśokan edicts and ruins at, 69, 152, 153, II., 419 Dhenkanal, State of, stone implements from, I., 27, 28, plate of Tribhuvana Mahādevī, 146, 149 *ff.* its details, 151-54 : copper plates of Sulkis, 191-98 : their details, 196-98 : plate of Jayasiṃha, 201 : plates of Nandas, 202-03 : II., 23, 24, 157, 175, 202, 270, 271, 312 *ff.* Dhol, Jagannātha, 205-06 Dhṛtipura, capital of Bhañjas, I., 165 *ff.*, grants of Raṇabhañja I, 170-71 : transferred to Vijaya vañjulvaka from, 175 ; Dhruvānanda, I., 203 Digbhañja I, 175 *ff.*, 188 Digbhañja II, 178 *ff.*, 188 Diṇḍima, Rājanātha, I., 308

v2.c49.45

Directors, Court of, II., 64 Dīrgharava, I., 157, 223 Divyasiṃha I., II., 24 Divyasiṃha II., II., 243, 288 Dīwān, II., 32, 48, of Orīssa, 52-54 : 66 Dolmen, I., 105, 106, 108 Drākshārāmam, inscription of Mukunda Harichandan, I., 347-48 Drāviḍa, I., 212, 217-18, II., 333-35, =Dramila, I., 246 Dravidian, race and language, I., 19, 23, 46, 58, 60, 71, 72, 94, 95, 98, 104, 105, 108, II., 333, 368 Durgā, temple of, at Dīrgharāśi, I., 246 Durgeśnandinī, I., 250 Dumals, I., 24 Durga Bhañja (Durga Punj, Durga Pāñja), treachery of, I., 345 Dutch, II., 25, 62, settlement at Balasore, 64-65 Dvaita, I., 270, 271 Dvārapāla, I., 86 89 Dvāra-Parīksha, I., 184-85 Thau, I., 285

v2.c49.46

Easter islands, I., 97, stone images and monuments in, 98-100 : 108 Edict of Aśoka ; 13th, I., 62-64, conquest of Kaliṅga, 62-64, vigorous resistence by Kaliṅgans, 63, remorse of emperor, 63-64 : special Kaliṅga, at Dhauli and Jaugada, I., 62, 64, describes administration of Kaliṅga, 65-69 : 84 Ekaśilā-nagarī=Warangal, I., 7, 292 Ekāvalī, I., 267 Elephant, I., 69, 75, 79, 81, 87, 88, 89, 90, 114, 140, 141, 287, 292, 309, II., 6, 35, 346, 415, 419 Embassy, from Subhakara to Chinese emperor, I., 139, 146, 147-48 English, II., 25, 55, settlement in Orissa, 61-65 : Cartwright secures trade licence from Naib Nazim, 62 : venture in Orissa, failure of, 62-63 : Balasore factory survives, 63 : Balasore captured and plundered by, 64 :

v2.c49.47

Balasore factory occupied by, 65 : at Balasore, and Maratha incursions, 114 : Governor mistrusts Sivarām, 134 : 135 ff., diplomacy, 162 : troops, passage through Orissa, 102 Epigraphist, I., 122 Eraṇḍa palle, I., 116, 232 Europe, I., 29 European, I., 28, 32, 96, II., 25

v2.c49.48

Faience, use of ancient, I., 105, 107-08 Fadnis, Nānā, II., 186 ff. Famine, II., 325 ff. Farrukhsiyar, II., 66-67, 69, 07 Fathabad, chief of, II., 25 Fauzdar, I., 5, 350, II., 16, 29, 41 ff. 80, 101 ff. Fazl, Abu'l, I., 345-46, II., 3, 5, 14, 21. Fergusson, I., 139, 143, II., 333-34, 350, 370, 372, 375 Fiji, I., 97, 98, 101 Firinghi (European), II., 26 Firishfa, Tārīkh-i-, I., 291 ff., 305 ff., account criticised, 309-10, 11 : 328-29 : account untrustworthy, 329-30 Fishing, industry of, I., 12 Fleet, J. F., I., 203, 210-11, 226 Flood, II., 323 ff. Fort William, Governor of Presidency of, II., 121 ff. French, settlement at Balasore, II., 65 : 158 Frieze, carved, I., 85 Further India, I., 6, 31, Indian colonisation of, 93 : 94, 96

v2.c49.49

Gabr-band, I., 103, 107 Gahādavāla, I., 257 Gajapati, I., 110, 162, 270, 272, 290ff., —Pagoda, 304, 305 ff., 326 ff., realm, Godavari Southern boundary of, till 1518, 348 : Northern, of Khurda, 348, 350 : Southern, of Ganjam, 348-50 : the last of the, 337-51 : II., 10, 15, 21, 24, 28, 30, 33, 35, 37, 44, 45, 58, 63, 243, 272, 285-86

v2.c49.50

Gaṇanā-(Gāṇanikya)=accountancy, I., 73 Gaṇa-daṇḍa, I., 179 ff., meaning of title of, 182 Gāṇadeva, viceroy of Koṇḍaviḍu, I., 291, inscriptions of, 297-98 Gaṇapati, Dīrghāsi inscription of, I., 246 Gaṇḍavyūha, I., 147 Gaṇeśa Gumphā, I., 89, bas-relief in, 90 : 153 Gandharāḍi, twin temples at, I., 11, II., 336 ff., discription of, 344 : importance of, 347 Gandhaṭa, I., 165, 171, 182 Gaṅga, Eastern, I., 16, 51, 119, 142, 161, 186, petty dynasties in Orissa intervene between fall of Karas and rise of, 200 : genealogy of, 237-39 : origin of, 245-46 : Vajrahasta to Anaṅgabhīma II., 242-57 : Rājarāja III to Narasimha I, 258-69 : fall of, Bhānudava I to Narasimha IV, 270-88 : genealogical table of, 288 : last days of, 290. II., 372 : Western, of Mysore, I., 16 : chief, Narasimha II., 20 : 154

v2.c49.51

Gaṅga, era, I., 149 ff., 181, 226 ff., initial year of, 226, 239-41 : G. Ramadas's calculations wrong, 240-41 : 244 ff., year, I., 226 ff., 244 ff. —vāḍi, I., 237, 245, 249, II., 373 : early, of Kaliṅga : problem of, still unsolved, I., 226. Gaṅgeśvara, temple, I., 252 Gaṅga=Ganges river, I., 265, 347 —Narasimhapura, I., 274 Gaṅgādāsa-Pratāpa-Vilāsam, I., 293, 317 Gaṅgādhara, I., 293-95 Rajah of Khurda, II., 41-42 Gaṅgāmbikā, I., 281 Ganges river, I., delta of, 2, 13, 52, 250, 951, 265, 267, 327, 342, 344, 346 : II., 55, 94 Gangpur State, home of the aboriginals, I., 6 : Hos in, 22 : Ghāsis in, 25 : II., 261, 311 ff.

v2.c49.52

Gānguly, Pandit Tārakeśvar, I., 158, 189, 203 Mono Mohan, II., 334 ff. Ganjam, district of, I., (iv), 4 : Oriyā speaking district of, 7 : causes of the inclusion in Madras Presidency, 7-8 : Quṭb-shāhis in, 8 : plate, 14 : 18 : 26, 33, 64, 112, 113, 115-16, 117, 120 ff., 139, 141, 172 ff., 212, 227 ff., 243 ff., 271, Southern Gajapatis of, 5, 348-50 ; II., 17, 20, 37, 80 plates, of Mādhavarāja, 14, 120 ff., 127, 241 : of Daṇḍi Mahādevī, I., 149 ff., 155 ff. : plates, of Netribhañja II, 173-75 : Garbhagṛiha, I., 269 Gārgī-Saṃhitā, I., 79 Garhjat, chiefs, I., 10 : aboriginal people of, 19-24 : states of, 27, 33 : 336, 339-40 ; II., 15, 23, 105, 106, 108, 132, Raghuji Bhonsle I and, 157-58 : 246, status of Orissa, states higher than Chhattisgarh, states, 259 : chiefs, treaties between British and, 269 : 277, 306 Sambalpur, chiefs ; enquiry into their status, 307, comparison with Orissa chiefs, 309, sanads granted to, 313, status raised ; 314, later relations with, 322 : Orissa, chiefs ; comparison with Sambalpur chiefs, 309, sanads granted to, 312, fresh sanads granted to, 315 Gateway (Toraṇa), of Mukteśvara, II., 348, of Jagannātha, 379, 418 Gauḍa, country, I., 125 ff., 140, 191, 212, 217-18, 299, 347 Gauḍ, city, I., 263, Narasimha I surrounds, 274 ff., 273. 301, 302, 327, 342 Gauḍa-vāho of Vākpatirāja, I., 21 Gauḍeśvara, I., 302, 340, Gaurā, caste, I., 18, 24 Gaurī, I., 155 Gavara, caste, II., 26 : Gawān, Khwājah-i-Jahān, I., 309 ff., murder of, his supposed letter to Purushottama, 314 Gayā, I., 44, 45, 79

v2.c49.53

Gayāḍa, I., 150 ff. Gayāḍa tuṅga, I., 199-200 : Talcher inscription of, 200 Gayāsadīna, I., 276 German, II., 158 Ghaibi-daro, I., 107 Gharaḍāmāji, I., 280-81 Gharīya, battle of, II., 76 Ghāsī, caste, I., 25, Ghosh, A. K., II., 387 ff, Ghaṭs, Eastern, offshoots and valleys of, I., 6 : 8, 18, 22, 23, 53, 116, 140, 142, 292 Ghaṭotkacha, I., 25 Ghaṭśila, II., 25, 45 Ghāni, Ismail, invade Orissa, but repulsed by Pratāparudra, I., 327, 337 Ghorī, Hoshang, I., 287 Ghumsur, Taḷuga, I., 4, 172, 173, 164, 176, plate of Vidyādhara-bhañja, 177 : 178 ff. Gīta-Govinda, I., 301, 334 Glass, use of ancient, I., 105, 107-08, God, Sun, I., 113, 114 Fire, I., 113, 114 Wind, I., 114 : Moon I., 114 : Goddess, Nana, I., 114 Goālpārā, II., 67, 87 Goḍāvarī river and district, I., 2 : 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 31, 33, 52, 55, 61, 93, 116, 141, 251, 290, 296, 307 ff., 332, 340, 347, boundary of Gajapati realm till 1578, 348 : Gaḍāvarī-Kṛishṇā Doāb, I., 1, 2, 5, 7, importance of, 8-9 : 11, 33, 115, loss of, to Orissan empire, 313 : Purushottama reconquers, 314-16 : 317, 322 Gokarṇeśvara, See Śiva-Gokarṇeśvara Golkonda, Quṭb-Shahi Sultan of, I., 5 : 8, prepare to invade Teḷiṅgaṇa, 328-30 : 336, invade Orissa, 338-39 : 348-50 ; II., 35, 38, 64 Golla, caste, I., 18, 26 Goṇḍ, tribe, I., 19, Gaṇḍas, 23-24, Goṇḍama (Goṇḍa), I., 192 ff. Goṇḍwana, I., 115

v2.c49.54

Gopinātha Mahāpātra, I., 299 Gopināthapur, inscription of Kapilendra, I., 299, 304 Gopuram, I., 348 Gorathagiri, battle of, I., 79, 91 Gosāin, Udepurī, II., 147, embassy of, 160 ff., failure of negotiations of, 181 ff. Gotra, Bhāradvāja, Bramhana of, I., 14, 16; Parāśara, I., 16 Governor, of East India Company, II., 124 ff. —General, of British India, II., 194 ff. Govinda III, Rāstrakuta king, I., 134, 225 Govinda, minister of Anangabhīma II, I., 255, 262, Māna-, I., 340 Grahavarman, I., 125, 126 Greek, retreat of king Demetrios, I., 79 : so-called statue of, soldier in Rānī Nūr, 89 : 113 Guahan, I., 102 Gudimallam, I., 106 Gujarat, I., 22, 30, 72, 186, 212, 217-18, 336 Gulbarga, I., 290, 302 Gulpha, river, I., 41 Guṇamahārṇava, I., 238, 239, 244 Guṇārṇava I, I., 237, 238 Guṇārṇava II, I., 231 ff., 237, 238, 239 Guṇḍama I, I., 237, 244 Guṇḍama II, I., 238 Guntur, I., 9, 315, 316, 317, 322 Gupta, period, I., 99, Tri-Kalinga during, 115-18 : Kalinga and Orissa in the Scythian and, 109-118 : empire, Kalinga and Orissa not included in, 117 : era, prevalent in Orissa, 117-18 : 120, 123, coins of, 129 : Somavamsīs of Kośala wrongly called, of Kośala, 205 : 240 : II., 336 ff. Gupte, K. R., II., 108, 240 ff. Gurava, I., 234 Gurjjara, I., 212, 217-18 ; —Pratihāra, I., 204

v2.c49.55

Hāḍi (Hāṛi), caste, I., 25

v2.c49.56

Haidarābād (Hyderabad), Ṣubah of, I., 8 : 75, 77 Haig, T. W., I., 296, 310 Haihayas, of Tripuri and Ratnāpura, I., 7 : 205 251, war with Anangabhīma III, 261, 282 ; II., 251 ff. Haldi river, I., 3 Halstatt Age, I., 34 Haluā, a sect of Brāmhaṇas, I., 15 Hamīra, I., 267 Hamvīra, Pahaṛā, I., 321 Harsha, inscription, I., 191 Harappa, I., 39, 106, 107 Harcourt, Colonel, II., 265 ff. Hari, Mahādji, II., 184 ff., correspondence with Warren Hastings, 191 ff Haridāsa Gumphā, I., 90 Hariharpur, II., 24, 42, 43, 53, 62, 96, 237 Harishpur, II., 49, 61, 62, 63, 266, 271 Harīsh Marichpur, II., 23, 271 Harshagupta, I., 225 Harshavardhana, I., 17, and the Śailodbhavas, 120-35 : 125, alliance with Bhāskaravarman against Śaśanka, 126-27 : unable to uproot Śaśanka, 128: campaign in Orissa-Koṅgoḍa, 129-30 : Śailodbhava chiefs maintain independence against, 150-31 : 140 Harsha era, I., 122, 123, 203 Harshacharita of Bāṇa-bhaṭṭa, I., 20, Śaśanka in, 125-27 : 144, 218 Harvey, G. E., I., 95 Hassan, Abu'l, II., 32 Murāgāt-i-, II., 32 ff. Hastivarman, of Veṅgī, I., 116, Urlam plates of, 227-28 Hāthigumphā, inscription, I., 46 : reference to Nandas in, 59-61 : contents, 71-84: cave, description, 84 : 90, 143, 156 Chota, I., 90 Hastings, Warren, correspondence with Mahādji Hari, II., 191 : attempts alliance with Bhonsles of Nagpur against Peshwa, 199 : Chimnāji Bāpu bought off by, 203 : and Damodar Bhānja, 216

v2.c49.57

Hastisiṁha, I., 88 Havell, E. B., II., 338 Hawaii, I., 99 Hazāra-Rāmasvāmī temple, I., 316 Hazaribagh, district, I., 41 Hijli, II., 9, 25, 36, 43, 67, 68, 82, 99 ff. Himadatta, I., 171, 172 Himālaya, I., 32 Hīnayāna, I., 138, Orissa Buddhists Hinayānists (?) 138-39 Hindi, I., 24 Hindol, State, I., 15 : new copper plate grant of Subhakara II discovered in, 158-60 : II., 157, 270, 271, 312 ff. Hindu, I., 21, 23, 96, 98, 108, 137, 140, preponderant in Kaliṅga, 141 : fatal indifference of, kings, 255-56 : kings of Orissa roused, 259, 264, ff., kingdom, officers of, 284-85 : 291, 293, 296 ff., 305 ff., 325 ff., 345, 348, 350, II., 26, 79, 98 Hīrādevī, I., 283, 288 Hīrālāl, I., 15, 172, 174, 176, 179, 182, 183, 203, 206, 215, 219, 261 Ho, tribe, I., 19, 22 Holkar, Yasavant Rāo, II., 263 ff. Hooghly, district, I., 250, 263, 267. 274, 304, 322, 327, 342, 344 : II., 5, 16, 17 town, II., 25, 63, captured by Marathas, 93-96 river, II., 64 Hoernle, A. F. R., 112 Howrah, district of, I., 1, 268 : II., 5 Hoyśala, I., 316 Hultzsch, E., I., 65, 67, 121, 226 Human figure, I., 87, 99, standard of sculpture in Konarak temple, II., 411 ff. Hūṇa, I., 161 Hunter, II., 33, 41, 42, 43, 55, 74, 87 Husain, Ghulām, II., 75 ff, 98 ff. Huvishka, I., (iv), 113, 114,

v2.c49.58

Iḷā, I., 44, 46, 72 Iltutmish, Shamsuddin, I., 260, 263, 265 Impey, A. B., list of feudatory States, II., 261

v2.c49.59

India, Palæoliths of, I., 29 : Neolithic period of, 30 : 31, 32, 38, 54, Khāravela’s campaign in North and South, 80, 91-92 : Art Schools in Central and Western, 88, 108 : South, I., 98, 106, 290-91, 315, 322 : Central, I., 137, 141: Cambridge History of, I., 296: Supposed connection between Mayan civilization and, I., 97 : So-called conquest by Mahāśivagupta-Yayāti of, I., 212 Indian, Archipelago, I., 6, 62, Indian colonisation of, 93 : 94, 95 : —Sculpture, 89 : Museum, 27, 28 : Pre-historic culture, 29 : Palæolith, 29, 32 : Neolith, association of language complex with, 31-32 : Peninsula, 32, 82 : Stone implements, types, 32 : South, tribes, 93 : Colonists,—their method of conquest and relegion, 95-97 : Script, 100 : American, 97 : Indirā, I., 252, 254, 288 Indo-Aryan, I., 44 : II., 333 -Dravidian, I., 104 -Persepolitan, I., 89 Indologist, I., 97, 104 Indonesia, I., 94, evidences of early colonisation by people of Kaliṅga of, 94-96 : two different stages in colonisation of Pacific islands and, 98 : 104, : Cultural contacts between pre-Aryan civilization of Mohen-jodaro and, 105-08 Indravarman I Rājasimha, Achyutapuram plates of, I., 228 ff., 240 : Parlakimedi plates of, 228-29 : 234-35, 241, 245 Indravarman II, two Chikakol grants of, I., 229-30 : Purle plates of, 230, 240 Indus, river, I., 32, 55, 57, 106, 107, 108 Iron age, I., 34 Irrigation, I., 99, 100, 101, 104, use of, in Indonesia and Mohen-jodaro, 105, 106-07

v2.c49.60

Iśānavarman, I., 191

v2.c49.61

Jachak, Rāgmānjī, II., 121ff., real position of, 127 ff. Lakhmanjī, II., 180 ff. Jadunath Bhañja, II., 295-306, 318-21 Jagadekamalla, I., 184, identification of, 185-86 Jagadīśvara Bhañja, loyalty to Murshid Qulī I, II., 78-79 : defies Alīwardī Khān, 82 : assassinated by Alīwardī, 91 Jagamohana, I., 138, 251, 261, 268-69, 301, 306, 319, 334, 336, II., 333 ff., of earliest group of temples, 341 : of Gandharāḍi temples, 345 : of Mukteśvara, 349 : of third type of temples, 357 : of Liṅgarāj, 361 : of Jagannātha, 375 Jaganmohinī, I., 326-27 Jagannātha,=Purushottama, temple at Purī of, I., 26 : 109-10 : 138, 161, built by Anantavarman Choḍagaṅga, 251 : 268-69 : 283, 287, inscription of Kapilendra, 291, 300-02, 304 : 306, Ratnavedī of, brought by Purushottama from Vijayanagara, 316 : inscriptions of Purushottama, 317-18 : Bhogamandapa of, built by Purushottama, 319 : 322, 334 : religious superiority of, 336 : inscriptions of Pratāparudra, 334 : inscription of Govinda Viydadhara, 340 : 344, desecrated by Kalāpāhaḍ, 345-46 : 350 : II., 7, 8, 12, Rāmchandra I organises worship of, 15 : 28, Keshodas Māru seizes, Purushottama besiege, 33-34 : 59, Aurangzib orders destruction of, 60 : cessation of worship in, 74-75 : purification of, 88 : 89, 158 : Superintendent of, 269, 272, 288 : 287, 336 ff. description of, 369 : sanctity of, 370 : style of architecture of, 372 : Śikhara of, 374 : Jagamohana of, 375 : Naṭamandira, Bhogamandapa of, 377, 417 : gateway of, 379, 418 : carvings of, 409, 417-418 : -deva, I., 279-80 : temple of Burā, II., 382 : temple at Gopīnāthapur, I., 299 : Dāsa, I., 334 : -Chāritamrita, I., 334 Jagat-Seṭh (Faṭh-chand), II., 72ff., 111 Jagattuṅga, I., 199 Jāgir, II., 13, 26, 28, 48 Jahān, Khwājah-i-, I., 292-93 Shāh, II., 11, attacks Orissa, 36 : 38, 39, 40, 52, 61, 68 Jahāngīr, Nūru-ud-din, II., 1, 30, 32, 36, 57, 61 Jahāngīrī, Iqbālnāmā-i-, II., 4 Tuzuk-i-, II., 31, 35, 37 Jaina ; religion, Orissa a stronghold of, I., 61 : 70, 96, 138, 140, 141 : monastery, I., 84 : relic memorial, I., 81, 82 : image, I., 96, 99 : community, I., 71 : council, convened by Kharavela, I., 82, 91 : sculptures, early midiaeval, II., 394 Jaipur, Madras Pres., I., 163, 186, 187 Jājapura, (Jajpur), I., 252, 327, 342, 336 : II., 49, 58, 82, 155, 395 Jājnagar, I., 258, 283, 282 Jākalladevī, I., 270, 288 Jaleśwar, II., 2, 4, 9, Sarkar of, 16-20, 22, 23, 28, 43, 57, 68, 82, 86, 95, 101 ff. Jāli, II., 342 ff. Jama’, Kāmil, Jumār. II., 68 Jambai, inscription of Kapilendra, I., 291, 294-95 Jambeśvara Gumphā, I., 90 Jambupadraka=Jamda, I., 180 Jamkarera, II., 23 Jamrapal, II., 24 Jamnā, river, II., 6 Janamejaya, I., 157, Mahābhavagupta, 206 ff. Jantavuram, I., 57, 237 Japasamaya, I., 284 Jaṛa, I., 196, 198 Jataka, reference to the boundary of Kaliṅga in, I., 4 : 49, Kaliṅga in, 49

v2.c49.62

Jaugaḍa; Aśokan edict at, describes administration of Kaliṅga, I., 62, 64, 67-69 Jaunpur, I., 287, 320, Java, I., 94, 98, 103, 104, 108 Jayabhañja, Antirigram plate of, I., 184-85 : 186, 187, 188 Jaya Mahādevī, I., 178 Jayachandra, I., 255 Jayānanda, I., 202 Jayaswal, K. P., I., 59, 61, 76, 78, 91, 92 Jayasimha, of Daṇḍabhukti, I., 157, 158, Dhenkanal plate of, 201 Jayastambha, I., 193 ff. Jayāvijaya, cave, I., 90 Jaya-Vijaya gate, I., 301, 317, 334, 336, 340 Jayavardhana II., I., 131 Jayavarman, I., 232 Jay Nārāyaṇ, II., 175 Jenā, Narasimha Rāya, I., 341, 346 : Raghurāma, I., 341, 347 Jhaḍkhaṇḍa, I., 110 Jhārūas, a sect of Brāmhaṇas, I., 15 Jina, image of, I, 60-61, 81 Jitāṅkuśa, I., 237 Johnstone, Chief of Midnapore, II., 125 ff, Jourmoo, II., 270, 271, 312 ff. Joy Chandra Bhañja, II., 45. Juang, tribe, I., 19, 20

v2.c49.63

Kābulī, Ma'sum Khān, II., 4-7, 16, 26-27, Kachhavāha clan, I., 161, 163; II., 7, Kādamba, I., 243 Kakhāru-ā Deva, I., 336 Kākatīya, dynasty, immigration of, I., 7, 296 Kaḷachuri, I., 205, 257, 261 Kalahāṇḍi, State of, Khoṇḍs in, I., 20 : Bankās of, 24 : 216 ; II., 289, 306, 313 ff. Kalahastambha (Vikramāditya), I., 192 ff. Kalang Dandapat, II., 16-17 Kalar, II., 227 ff. Kalapāhāḍ, descerates Jagannātha, I., 345-46 : 348 ; II., 5, 12 Kaligutāṅkuśa, I., 237 Kalikot, II., 47 Kaliṅga, Topography of, I., 1-13 : or Greater Orissa, 1 ; three parts of, 1 : boundaries of, 2 : physical divisions of, 3-4 : political divisions of, 4-5 : proper, 4-5, 8 : warlike people of, 5 : coast-land of, 5-6, 11-12 : maritime activity of the people of, 6 : capital of greater, 11 : reference by Ptolemy and Pliny to, 12-13 : chiefs of, 17 : ancient people of, 18 : in ancient Indian literature, 43 : Pauranic reference to, 43-46 : relation to Utkala of, 45-46 : Aila origin of kings of, 46 : in Arthaśāstra, 46-47 : in Mahabhārata, 47-48, 50 : in early Pali texts, 48 : in Jātakas, 49-46 : in Tamil work, 49-50 : in Vāyu and Matsya Purāṇas, 53-55 : in Padma Purāṇa, 55 : in Bṛihat Samhitā, 55-56 : in Dharma-sūtra, 57-58 : first dynasty of, 59 : conquest by Nandas, 59-61 : a stronghold of Jains, 61 : after the fall of Nandas, 61 : second dynasty too powerful for early Mauryas, 62 : Aśoka's conquest of, 62-64 : two special edicts of Aśoka, 65-69 : after death of Aśoka dark, 70 : Khāravela and the empire of, 71-92 : asserts its independence after death of Aśoka, 71 : Cheti dynasty of, 71-72, 91 : Khāravela inherits throne of, 74 : matriarchate in, 74 : Khāravela repairs city of, 74 : march of the army of, 76-77 : rejoicing in capital of, 77 : city established by previous kings of, 77 : Khāravela extends canal up to capital of, 78 : Khāravela brings back Jina of, 81 : Khāravela lord of Three, 83 : Kuḍepasiri overlord of, 83 : overseas empire of, 93-108 : people pioneers of Indian colonisation, 93 : term "kling" derived from,—its implications, 93-94 : evidences of early colonisation of Indonesia by people of, 94-96 : a Kalingaṅ dynasty in Ceylon, 94 : Talaṅgs of Burma and Tri-Kaliṅga, 94-96 : colonists responsible for antiquarian remains in S. Pacific islands (?) 97-98 : nation of, 98 : people authors of Oceanic civilization, 108 : and Orissa in the Scythian and Gupta periods, 109-118 : history unknown till 7th century A. D., 109 : thirty-two kings of, 111 : 112, three provinces of, during Gupta period, 115-18 : campaign of Samudragupta in, 115-17 : fate of, after the campaign, 117-19 : Gupta era prevalent in, 117 : 120, 124, 130 : divided into three parts according to Yuan-Chwang, 136 : or Ki-ling-kia, separate from Andhra, 140-41 : very brief description by Yuan-Chwang of, its people and manners, Hindus preponderant in, capital of, 141-42 : 145, 157, 212, 217-18, early Gaṅgas of, 226-241 : 242, 244, 245, Chola invasion of, 246-48 : 249, 271, 272, 273, 281, 289, 291, 308, ṣubāḥ of Mughal Orissa, II., 16-17 : 335-36

v2.c49.64

Kaliṅga-Jina = Śitalanātha, I., 61, brought back by Khāravela, 81

v2.c49.65

Kaliṅga-Chakavaṭi (Kaliṅga-Chakra-varṭin), I., 83

v2.c49.66

Kaliṅga-nagara, capital of Kaliṅga I., 3, ruins of, 11 : identification with Dantakura, 50-62 : Khāravela repairs damages to, 74 : rejoicings in, 77 : Khāravela extends canal up to, 78 : 142, 200, 227 ff., identification of 245

v2.c49.67

Kaliṅgapatanam, I., 52, 142, 245, 246

v2.c49.68

Kaliṅga, type of architecture, II., 335

v2.c49.69

Kaliṅgaka, I., 46-47

v2.c49.70

Kaliṅgi, caste, I. 18

v2.c49.71

Kaliṅgam, I., 47

v2.c49.72

Kaliyuga, I., 110

v2.c49.73

Kalpa-vaṭa, I., 346

v2.c49.74

Kaluā Deva, I., 336, 337

v2.c49.75

Kamalādevi, I., 22, 281-82, 288

v2.c49.76

Kāmārnava I., 57, 237, 238, 242, 245, 249

v2.c49.77

Kāmārnava II., I., 51, 237

v2.c49.78

Kāmārnava III, I., 237

v2.c49.79

Kāmārnava IV, I., 238

v2.c49.80

Kāmārnava V, I., 288

v2.c49.81

Madhu-Kāmārnava VI, I., 238, 239, 242

v2.c49.82

Kāmārnava VII, his date of accession, I., 252-53 : Anantavarman Madhu, 254 : 288

v2.c49.83

Kanakabhañja, I., 286

v2.c49.84

Kanakapur, treaty of, II., 172ff.

v2.c49.85

Kanarese, I., 75

v2.c49.86

Kanauj, I., 120, 125, 126, 128, 218

v2.c49.87

Kañchanastambha, I., 192ff.

v2.c49.88

Kañchi, I., 116, 212, 217-18

v2.c49.89

-kāverī, I., 317, 319

v2.c49.90

Kandras, I., 18

v2.c49.91

Kāṅgurā battlements, II., 349

v2.c49.92

Kanheri, I., 106

v2.c49.93

Kanika, Bhañja chief of, II., 47, 179, 266, 269, 271, 292

v2.c49.94

Kaṇishka, I., (iv), 113, 114, 145

v2.c49.95

Kāñji-Kāverī-Pothi, I., 317

v2.c49.96

Kanker, State of, I., 1, II., 23

v2.c49.97

Kapilendra (Kapileśvara), I., 287, foundation of the empire—, 289-301, 305, 307, 317, 319, 306, 340

v2.c49.98

See index Ch. XIX for full references.

v2.c49.99

Kapiśā, I., 147

v2.c49.100

Kapu, caste, I., 18

v2.c49.101

Kara, kings and dynasty, Sylvain Levi and others discover, I., 146 : inscriptions of, 146 : two groups of, 146-47 : first group Buddhists, 147-49 : second group, 149-60 : attempted connection between two groups, 151 : Chronology of of second group, 152-53 : temporary disgrace of Keśari or, 153 : Rājamalla, saviour of, 154 : fate of, after Daṇḍi Mahādevi, 156 : 'Keśari' title of, 156 : genealogy of first group, 159-60 : genealogy of second group, 160 : Śatrubhañja a vassal of, 166 : 189, petty dynasties in Orissa intervene between rise of E. Gangas and fall of, 200 : 204. Karan (Bhoi), caste, I., 18, 25 Deul, I., 344 Tadhau, I., 344 Karaṇa, I., 274 Śrī, I., 274, 285 Poro-rStī, I., 284, 285 Karaṇḍu, king of Kaliṅga, I., 49 Karangarh, chief of, II., 25 Kararānī, Sulaimān, war wlth Mukunda Harichandana and conquest of Orissa, I., 343-46, 350, II., 1, 29 Daud Shāh, I., 350, defeated by Mun'im Khan at the battle of Tukaroī, flee to Katak, II., 2: captured and killed at the battle of Rajmahal, 3 : 6, 27, 29 Karkachna, II., 24 Karnakeśarī of Utkala, I., 157-58 Karṇasuvarṇa=Rāṅgamāṭi, capital of Saśāṅka, I., 127, 128, Śasāṅka driven out of, 129 : 136 Karṇāta, I., 212, 217-18, 300, 302, 319-20 : Karond, State of, I., 1, home of the aboriginals, 6 : 7, 115, 313 ff. Kārshāpaṇa, I., 73 Karusha, I., 127 Kashmir, I., 32, Kaśījoṛā, II., 17, 19, 86 Kasturādevī, I., 263, 288 Kasturikāmodinī, I., 252, 288 Kasurgadh, Rajas of, I., 16 Kaṭaka (Kaṭak)=Cuttack, I., 10, of Somavamśī inscriptions is not Cuttack, 210-11 : plates of Mahāśivagupta-yayāti, 213-14 : plates of Mahābhagupta II., 220: Purushottama, 278-79 : Vārānasī, 283 : 298, 308, 312, 326, stormed by Bayazid, 345 : 347, Daud fled to, II., 2, Mān Sing enters, 9 : Sarkar of, 20-22, 58 : Banāras, 22, 61 : 42 ff., Mughal mint at, 61, 88 : 71, 77, 80 ff., Motte at, 136 : British occupy, 266 Katasin, I., 264 Kāṭjuṛi, river, I., 10, II., 42, 82

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